Athletic Aggression: An Issue of Contextual Morality

1986 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Jo Bredemeier ◽  
David L. Shields
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Frame Analysis ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Moral Ambiguity ◽  
Social Scientific Research ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Unique Context

The designation of an act as aggressive involves an implicit or explicit moral judgment. Consequently, research on aggression must address the value issues involved. The present article suggests that Haan’s theory of interactional morality can be used to provide a framework for social scientific research into moral issues. Haan’s model, however, must be adapted to the unique context of sport. This study applies the concept of frame analysis as a procedure for clarifying the moral reasoning associated with athletic aggression. In contrast to similar acts in everyday life, moral ambiguity characterizes some sport acts intended to deliver minor noxious stimuli. The label of aggression must be used with caution when designating such acts.

scholarly journals Mediebrud mellem organisationer og netværk [Media disruptions between organisations and networks]

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (49) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Lars Clausen
Keyword(s):  
System Theory ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
Communication Media ◽  
Medium Theory ◽  
Diffusion Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Social Scientific Research ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Media And Communication

The present article examines the elites’ dependence on diffusion media and communication media within the Luhmannian system theory. Through the use of a media concept from medium-theory and concepts from research on elites, three levels of dependency emerge: the diffusion media, the media of the system and leadership as the specific communication medium of elites, which is dependent on the state of the three media. The hypothesis is that the specific form of elites has specific, epochal media dependencies, and this becomes evident in the present in social scientific research.

scholarly journals Living in the climate crisis: Exploring situated perspectives and openings for change through everyday life stories

Politik ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Moesby Bennetsen
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Life Stories ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Social Scientific Research ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Climate Crisis

Stories and narratives have been used in social scientific research for decades, to entail perspectives of the lived experiences in different contexts. In this article, I argue that everyday life stories of situated experiences can contribute with rich understandings of different experiences, possibilities for change, or abilities to respond to the climate crisis. The article is based on theories from within urban studies, everyday life sociology, feminist theory and scholars engaged with stories in in social sciences.

Divergence in Moral Reasoning about Sport and Everyday Life

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Jo Bredemeier ◽  
David L. Shields
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Interactional Model ◽  
Moral Context ◽  
Life Context ◽  
Unique Context

The observation that sport represents a unique context has been widely discussed, but social scientists have done little to empirically examine the moral adaptations of sport participants. In the present study, the divergence between levels of moral reasoning used to discuss hypothetical dilemmas set in sport and in everyday life contexts was investigated among 120 high school and collegiate basketball players, swimmers, and nonathletes. Protocols were scored according to Haan’s interactional model of moral development. It was found that levels of moral reasoning used to discuss sport dilemmas were lower than levels characterizing reasoning about issues within an everyday life context. Findings were discussed in terms of the specific social and moral context of sport experience.

Social-Scientific Research Competency

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Gess ◽  
Christoph Geiger ◽  
Matthias Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
Research Competency ◽  
Social Scientific Research ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Education Courses

Abstract. Although the development of research competency is an important goal of higher education in social sciences, instruments to measure this outcome often depend on the students’ self-ratings. To provide empirical evidence for the utility of a newly developed instrument for the objective measurement of social-scientific research competency, two validation studies across two independent samples were conducted. Study 1 ( n = 675) provided evidence for unidimensionality, expected differences in test scores between differently advanced groups of students as well as incremental validities over and above self-perceived research self-efficacy. In Study 2 ( n = 82) it was demonstrated that the competency measured indeed is social-scientific and relations to facets of fluid and crystallized intelligence were analyzed. Overall, the results indicate that the test scores reflected a trainable, social-scientific, knowledge-related construct relevant to research performance. These are promising results for the application of the instrument in the evaluation of research education courses in higher education.

scholarly journals Gender discrimination in societal and familial realms: Understanding agency among Chinese marriage migrant women in Switzerland

2021 ◽  
pp. 011719682098159
Author(s):  
Yali Chen
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Professional Women ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Leftover Women ◽  
Foreign Wives

To understand the agency of Chinese marriage migrant women in Switzerland in their everyday life, the present article examines the reasons why Chinese women marry European men and their post-migratory life in Switzerland. Based on interviews with Chinese marriage migrant women, the article discusses their gendered representations before migration (as “leftover women” or “divorced women”) to being “foreign wives” after migration to Switzerland. Their migration from China to Switzerland also resulted to a change in their roles from “professional women” to “homemakers.” The gender-related discrimination the women encountered from China to their post-migration life in Switzerland demonstrates a continuum of gender discrimination in which they highly exert their agency that has also been enhanced by acts of resistance.

Representations of Evil in the Novels Miss Christina, The Snake and Isabel and the Devil’s Waters by Mircea Eliade

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Constantin Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Mircea Eliade ◽  
The Fantastic

"Representations of Evil in the Novels Miss Christina, The Snake and Isabel and the Devil’s Waters by Mircea Eliade. The present article analyzes some representations of evil in the novels Miss Christina, The Snake and Isabel and the Devil’s Waters by Mircea Eliade. In particular, we draw attention to the evil that directly refers to the mysterious dimension and, therefore, outlines a perception that exceeds the mundane experience of everyday life. In this sense, the emergence of unfathomable aspects and phenomena can only be explained in an imaginary approach. This type of representation of evil is perceived within the limits of a manifestation of the supernatural, in an unveiling of the evil through ill-fated, Mephistophelean characters or in the potentiation of “heresies” in the folkloric imaginary. The paper aims to examine how this evil, most often related to some almost occult experiences and fueled by local folklore, is capitalized in the fantastic prose of Mircea Eliade. Keywords: mysterious, fantastic, magical, imaginary, representation, evil, devil "

scholarly journals 'To do or not to do'? The neurobiology of decision-making in daily life: I. Getting the basics

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Palmini ◽  
Victor Geraldi Haase
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Prefrontal Cortical ◽  
Cortical Regions

Abstract The constant conflict between decisions leading to immediate pleasurable consequences versus behaviors aiming at long-term social advantages is reviewed here in the framework of the evolutionary systems regulating behavior. The inescapable temporal perspective in decision-making in everyday life is highlighted and integrated with the role of the executive functions in the modulation of subcortical systems. In particular, the representations of the 'non-existent' future in the prefrontal cortical regions and how these representations can bridge theory and practice in everyday life are addressed. Relevant discussions regarding the battle between emotions and reasons in the determination of more complex decisions in the realm of neuroeconomics and in moral issues have been reserved for a second essay.

scholarly journals Γιατί οι ηθικές βελτιώσεις χαρακτήρα είναι καταδικασμένες να αποτύχουν; Η κριτική των φιλοσοφιών της αρετής

Bioethica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Ελένη Καλοκαιρινού (Eleni Kalokairinou)
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Moral Enhancement ◽  
Human Autonomy ◽  
The Way

All kinds of enhancements, cognitive, physical, psychological, moral etc. are at the center of moral debates nowadays. In particular the moral enhancements of character by virtue of pharmacological and biotechnological means are widely discussed, as they raise a number of questions regarding human autonomy and freedom. In the present article, we argue that if we study carefully the way in which the moral enhancements are applied according to the bioethicists Julian Savulescu and Ingmar Persson, we will realize that they are logically impossible. That is, if we analyze the logical procedure of enhancing characters morally, as this is presented in Aristotle’s and Kant’s moral account, then we will understand that the kind of moral enhancement of character by virtue of biotechnological means which the two philosophers put forward is doomed to fail. Furthermore, we will also understand that the two philosophers offer an impoverished conception of morality, since reason, the basic element of the moral process, plays no role in the account of moral reasoning they propound.

scholarly journals 2019冠狀病毒病疫情下的道德議題的初步哲學探索

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-112
Author(s):  
Benedict S. B. CHAN
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Capability Approach ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Individual Freedom ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
The Capability Approach

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.在2019冠狀病毒疫情之下，至少有兩個公共術生政策的道德議題變得異常重要。第一，現時有不少爭議是關於這些抗疫政策與個人自由的衡突。這是很典型的公共善與個人自由衡突的道德爭論，但疫情令這樣的衡突成為直接而迫切的顧慮。第 二，這個世界在疫情之前已有很多嚴重的不平等問題，但現在有些防疫政策令社會的不平等變得更為嚴重。儘管本文不會為這兩個道德議題給予肯定的解答，但會集中探究在討論這些道德議題的跨學科辯論中，應該用到甚麽道德推論和基礎，並會 詳細解釋以下幾個重要理念。第一，作者會論證，衛生道德人權的理念並不能充分地成為解決這些問題的道德基礎。第二， 不純粹用到權利進路的話，作者會論證應該用到阿馬蒂亞.森的後果評價和能力進路作為道德推論和基礎。第三，這兩個由森提出的理念可以把不同的道德理論和傳統與公共衛生議題連繫起來。作者會以儒家為道德傳統的例子，論證如何以後果 評價、能力進路和儒家當中的一些理念與價值，以此提出一些可能方向，去處理上述兩個道德議題。At least two moral issues of some public health policies have become significant in the COVID-19 pandemic. First, it is arguable that some policies to address the present pandemic conflict with individual freedom. This is a typical moral debate between public good and individual freedom, but the COVID-19 pandemic has made this conflict a more immediate and urgent concern. Second, the world had serious inequality problems prior to the pandemic, and some of the new public health policies have caused more severe social inequalities. Instead of providing definitive answers to these two moral issues, this paper focuses on what types of moral reasoning and foundation should be used in the interdisciplinary debates around these problems. Several ideas are discussed in detail. First, the author argues that the idea of moral human rights to health is not a sufficient moral foundation to solve these problems. Second, the author argues that in addition to the right talk, we should use Amartya Sen’s consequential evaluation and the capability approach as the foundation and moral reasoning. Third, the author argues that these two ideas from Sen can connect different moral traditions with public health issues. The author uses Confucianism as an example of a moral tradition, and argues for possible directions to address the moral issues using ideas and values from consequential evaluation, the capability approach, and Confucianism.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 60 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

Imagining Generations and Social Change

2018 ◽  
pp. 11-35
Author(s):  
Peter Hart-Brinson
Keyword(s):  
Generation X ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Gay Marriage ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Generational Change ◽  
Social Imagination ◽  
Generational Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Scientific Research ◽  
Social Scientific

This chapter explains the generational theory of Karl Mannheim and enumerates five challenges that scholars face when studying generational change. It shows how these changes have impeded social scientific research on generations and why research on Millennials, Generation X, and other broad cohorts is flawed from its first premises. To counteract the existing generational mythology, this chapter outlines what is required to produce social scientific studies of generational change. Recent scholarship on the “social generation” provides a theoretical and methodological opening for finally solving Mannheim’s “problem of generations.” Building on cross-disciplinary scholarship on the cognitive and cultural dimensions of the process of imagination, this chapter argues that the “social imagination” is the key concept that helps explain how public opinion about gay marriage changed.

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