The Self-Conceptions and Health Behaviors of Larger Women: Examining the Mediating Role of Affect

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki Ebbeck ◽  
Patti Lou Watkins ◽  
Susan S. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Physique Anxiety ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Multivariate Relationships

This study examined possible determinants of some of the health behaviors of larger women. Specifically, it was of interest to discern if affect (depression, social physique anxiety) mediated the relationship between self-conceptions (global self-worth, perceived physical appearance) and behavior (disordered eating, physical activity). The investigation was grounded in the model of self-worth forwarded by Harter (1987). A total of 71 overweight or obese women agreed to participate in the study. Data collection involved a researcher meeting individually with each of the participants to record physical assessments as well as responses to a packet of self-report questionnaires. A series of canonical correlation analyses were then conducted to test each of the three conditions for mediation effects outlined by Baron and Kenny (1986). Results suggested that indeed the set of self-conceptions indirectly influenced the set of behaviors via the set of affect variables. Surprisingly, however, involvement in physical activity failed to contribute to the multivariate relationships. The findings further our understanding of how self-conceptions are related to behavior and highlight the value of examining multiple health behaviors in parallel.

scholarly journals The FLASHE Study: A Publicly Available Data Resource

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1337-1337
Author(s):  
Linda Nebeling ◽  
Laura Dwyer ◽  
April Oh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Data Resource ◽  
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Funding Sources

Abstract Objectives The Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health and Eating (FLASHE) survey was conducted in 2014 to collect information on eating, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and behavioral correlates from a national sample of parent-adolescent dyads in the United States. It is a publicly available data resource which can be used to research questions about psychosocial, generational, household and neighborhood correlates of health behaviors. Methods Data were collected from dyads of caregivers and their adolescent children (ages 12–17) (n = 1072 completed dyads) between April – October 2014. Two surveys for each respondent: one on diet-related behaviors and one on physical activity-related behaviors were collected. An additional 407 dyads wore an accelerometer for seven days and completed an activity log. A ‘geoFLASHE’ dataset used parent-provided address information for home and school to geocode these locations and compute a set of variables applied to several different neighborhood definitions, including both circular and street-network buggers with distances ranging from 400 – 1200 meters. Accelerometer variables were computed for a subset of adolescents who wore an Actigraph Gt3x+ for seven days and includes estimates from raw and activity counts data. Training webinars on dyadic analytical methods, models and applications were provided. Results The geoFLASHE dataset includes variables for neighborhood, socioeconomic status factor, factor scores for built environment characteristics (high density, older neighborhood, and short commutes), and other variables for each buffer configuration. The adolescent accelerometer dataset offers summary variables of accelerometer data and minute-level estimates of light, moderate, and vigorous activity using Crouter, Chandler, and GGIR processing methods. Additionally, training webinar, questionnaires, survey data files and codebooks are available. Conclusions The FLASHE study data resources can be used to understand cancer-related health behaviors in family dyads. Funding Sources FLASHE study was funded by the National Cancer Institute under contract number HHSN2612012000391 issued to Westat, Inc.

Mediating role of coping styles in the relationship between anxiety and health behaviors of obese adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Ziarko ◽  
Łukasz Kaczmarek ◽  
Ewa Mojs
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Health Promoting Behaviors ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Relationship

Mediating role of coping styles in the relationship between anxiety and health behaviors of obese adolescents Obesity is one of the major health problems in adolescents. Health-detrimental lifestyle (i.e. lack of physical activity, inappropriate nutrition) as well as maladaptive styles of coping with stress are regarded as belonging among determinants of obesity. The aim of the study was to establish factors mediating between anxiety and diet-related health behaviors. Participants in the study were 113 adolescents with obesity whose body weight was over 97th centile. They were examined using a set of self-report questionnaires to measure anxiety, coping styles and health behaviors. Emotion-focused coping and seeking social contacts (social diversion) were found to act as mediators between adolescents' trait anxiety and their health behaviors. The findings suggest that to enhance obese adolescents' health-promoting behaviors appropriate conditions should be ensured that would not only enable them to express their emotions, but also promote their socializing with peers.

scholarly journals A positive psychology–motivational interviewing intervention for patients with type 2 diabetes: Proof-of-concept trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M Celano ◽  
Taylor A Gianangelo ◽  
Rachel A Millstein ◽  
Wei-Jean Chung ◽  
Deborah J Wexler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Medical Outcomes

Objective Eighteen million Americans with type 2 diabetes (T2D) do not follow recommended guidelines for physical activity. Motivational interviewing (MI) has had modest effects on activity and related behaviors in T2D. Positive psychological attributes (e.g., optimism) are associated with superior medical outcomes in T2D, and positive psychology (PP) interventions promote such attributes. There had been no study in T2D of a combined PP–MI intervention to promote well-being and health behavior adherence. We developed a novel, telephone-delivered, 16-week PP–MI intervention and explored its feasibility and impact in T2D patients in a single-arm, proof-of-concept trial. Method Participants completed PP-based exercises and MI-based physical activity goal-setting activities and reviewed these activities weekly with a study trainer for 16 weeks. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed via exercise completion rates and post-exercise ratings of ease/utility (0–10 scales). Impact was explored by examining changes in physical activity (via accelerometers and self-report), other health behaviors, psychological measures, and medical outcomes (e.g., hemoglobin A1c (A1C)) from baseline to 16 weeks, using paired t tests. Results Twelve participants enrolled, and 10 provided follow-up data. Seventy-eight percent of PP–MI activities were completed, and participants rated the PP–MI content and sessions as easy (mean = 8.2/10, standard deviation (SD) = 1.9) and useful (mean = 9.1/10, SD = 1.5). PP–MI was associated with improved adherence to health behaviors and overall self-care, variable effects on accelerometer-measured activity and psychological outcomes, and modest beneficial effects on body mass index and A1C. Conclusion Further testing of this intervention is warranted in a larger, controlled trial to assess its effects on important health outcomes.

Treatment-Associated Changes in Body Composition, Health Behaviors, and Mood as Predictors of Change in Body Satisfaction in Obese Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Annesi ◽  
Gisèle A. Tennant ◽  
Nicole Mareno
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
African American ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Behavioral Factors ◽  
Race Ethnicity

A lack of satisfaction with one’s body is common among women with obesity, often prompting unhealthy “dieting.” Beyond typically slow improvements in weight and body composition, behavioral factors might also affect change in body satisfaction. Age and race/ethnicity (African American vs. White) might moderate such change. Obese women ( N = 246; Mage = 43 years; MBMI = 39 kg/m2) initiating a 6-month cognitive-behaviorally based physical activity and nutrition treatment were assessed on possible predictors of body satisfaction change. At baseline, African American and younger women had significantly higher body satisfaction. The treatment was associated with significant within-group improvements in mood, health behaviors (physical activity and fruit/vegetable intake), and body composition (waist circumference). A multiple regression analysis indicated that mood, health behavior, and body composition changes explained a significant 27% of the variance in body satisfaction change. Of these predictors, changes in mood (β = −.36, p < .001) and health behaviors (β = .18, p = .01) made significant, unique contributions to the variance in change in body satisfaction that was accounted for, while only the measure of actual physiological change (body composition) did not. Neither age nor race/ethnicity was a significant moderator when each was entered separately into the multiple regression equation. Practical implications for leveraging manageable changes in behavioral factors for improving body satisfaction were discussed.

The Psychological Characteristics and Health Related Behavior of Adolescents: The Possible Roles of Social Physique Anxiety and Gender

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 741-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Caglar ◽  
Naile Bilgili ◽  
Ayda Karaca ◽  
Sultan Ayaz ◽  
F. Hülya Aşçi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Eating Attitude ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Social Physique Anxiety ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Health Related ◽  
And Gender

The purpose of this study was to examine whether or not the social physique anxiety level and gender have an influence on psychological characteristics and health related behavior of adolescents. Five hundred and ninety eight female (Mage= 14.95,SD= .70 years) and three hundred and eighty four male (Mage= 15.08,SD= .76 years) adolescents voluntarily participated in this study. The Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS), three subscales of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire, and the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale as indicators of psychological characteristics were administered to all participants. The Eating Attitude Test and Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire were used to determine health related behavior. It was found that adolescents with high levels of SPA (HSPA) had more unfavourable eating attitudes, higher scores in socially-prescribed perfectionism, negative global physical self-worth and negative body related perceptions than those with low levels of SPA (LSPA). Physical activity levels of adolescents did not differ in the two SPA groups (high/low level). In addition, male adolescents in the present study were more physically active and had favorable eating attitudes and more positive self-perceptions of body fat and general physical self-worth than their female counterparts.

scholarly journals Facets of Impulsivity in Relation to Diet Quality and Physical Activity in Adolescence

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Kathryn E. Smith ◽  
Jason M. Lavender ◽  
Adam M. Leventhal ◽  
Tyler B. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Negative Urgency ◽  
Unhealthy Diet

Although the construct of impulsivity has generally been found to be associated with obesity and health behaviors in adults, research among adolescents is more limited and studies have yet to elucidate which facets of impulsivity may be most salient with regard to different eating and physical activity behaviors. Therefore, the present cross-sectional study assessed facets of impulsivity, measured by the UPPS-P questionnaire, in relation to health behaviors among adolescents. A sample of 2797 high school students from Los Angeles, California completed self-report measures during the ninth grade. The UPPS-P subscales (i.e., (lack of) premeditation, sensation seeking, (lack of) perseverance, negative urgency, positive urgency) were examined as predictors of unhealthy diet quality (i.e., frequency of consumption of high-fat foods and sweet food and drinks, measured by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Quick Food Scan) and frequency of vigorous physical activity (measured by the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System). Greater sensation seeking, positive urgency, and negative urgency was associated with greater unhealthy diet quality (ps < 0.001). Greater negative urgency and lack of perseverance was associated with less frequent vigorous physical activity, whereas greater sensation seeking, lack of premeditation, and positive urgency was associated with more frequent vigorous physical activity (ps < 0.05). While negative urgency (i.e., impulsivity in the context of negative emotions) was consistently associated with poor health behaviors, other facets of impulsivity may potentiate vigorous physical activity in youth. Together these findings underscore the importance of considering the multidimensional nature of impulsivity in relation to adolescents’ health behaviors and highlight areas for future longitudinal research.

Physical Self-Esteem of Adolescents with Regard to Physical Activity and Pubertal Status

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atahan Altintaş ◽  
F. Hülya Aşçi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Pubertal Status ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Almost All

The purpose of this study was to examine the physical activity and pubertal status differences in the multiple dimensions of physical self-esteem of Turkish adolescents. The current study also aimed to investigate the gender differences in the physical self-esteem. The pubertal status of participants was determined by a self-report questionnaire. The Children and Youth Physical Self-Perception Profile and a weekly activity checklist were administered to 803 adolescents (Mage = 13.10 ± 0.93). Analysis revealed significant main effects of physical activity on the multiple dimensions of physical self-esteem for both boys and girls. Follow-up analysis indicated that physically active boys and girls scored higher on almost all subscales of physical self-esteem than less active counterparts. The main effect of pubertal status and physical activity × pubertal status interaction were not significant either for boys or girls. Analysis also revealed significant gender differences in perceived body attractiveness, physical strength, physical condition, and physical self-worth subscales in favor of boys (p < .05).

Testing modified gender-moderated exercise and self-esteem (EXSEM) model of positive body image in adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532110092
Author(s):  
Rasa Jankauskiene ◽  
Migle Baceviciene
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Positive Body Image ◽  
Mediating Role

The most acceptable model explaining the associations between physical exercise and self-esteem is the exercise and self-esteem model (EXSEM). The present cross-sectional study tested the mediating role of body appreciation and physical fitness perception in the associations between physical activity and self-esteem in modified EXSEM. Overall, 1412 Lithuanian adolescents (40.2% were boys, mean age 17.0 (SD = 0.5) years) completed online questionnaires. The study was implemented in 2019 from October to December. Perceived physical fitness and body appreciation mediated the associations in the EXSEM. Physical fitness perception was directly associated with the self-esteem of girls, but not boys. Gender moderated EXSEM associations in body appreciation and perceived physical fitness showed stronger mediation effects for the adolescent girls compared to boys. Increasing physical activity, positive body image and perception of physical fitness might help to foster mental health, especially in girls.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic differences in incident metabolic syndrome in adults: the mediation of health behaviors

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L A Hoveling ◽  
A C Liefbroer ◽  
U Bültmann ◽  
N Smidt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Occupational Prestige ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
A Minor

Abstract Introduction The incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) strongly varies by socioeconomic status (SES). Health behaviors could be one of the mechanisms explaining the SES-MetS relationship, but little is known about their mediating role. This study aims to longitudinally asses the association between SES measures, education, income and occupational prestige, and incident MetS and whether the associations are mediated by health behaviors, including physical activity, smoking, alcohol drinking and diet quality. Methods A subsample of the adult Lifelines Cohort Study, including 85,910 participants without MetS at baseline was used. MetS was measured at the second assessment (follow-up time 3.8 years) defined according to the NCEP-ATPIII criteria. Direct associations between SES, health behaviors and incident MetS were estimated using multivariable logistic regression analyses. The mediating percentages of health behaviors explaining the associations between SES and incident MetS were estimated using the Karlson-Holm-Breen method. Analyses were independent of age, sex, the other SES measures and follow-up time. Results Education (OR 0.92, 99% CI: 0.91-0.94) and occupational prestige (OR 0.94, 99% CI: 0.91-0.97) were inversely associated with MetS. Income was not associated with MetS. Health behaviors explained only partly (13.8%) the association between education and MetS, with smoking as the strongest mediating factor (8.6%). Health behaviors played a minor role (2.7%) in explaining occupational MetS differences, with physical activity as the strongest suppressing factor (-10.4%). Conclusions Individuals with more years of education or a higher occupational prestige showed a decreased risk of developing MetS. This was mainly because of non-smoking, less often excessive alcohol drinking and a higher diet quality; however, they were more often physically inactive. Key messages Education and occupational prestige are inversely associated with MetS incidence. Health behaviors explain a small part of the SES – MetS incidence pathway, with smoking as the largest contributor.

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