scholarly journals Electrothermal soft manipulator enabling safe transport and handling of thin cell/tissue sheets and bioelectronic devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (42) ◽  
pp. eabc5630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byoung Soo Kim ◽  
Min Ku Kim ◽  
Younghak Cho ◽  
Eman E. Hamed ◽  
Martha U. Gillette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Change ◽  
Electric Heater ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Cell Sheets ◽  
Suction Cup ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Safe Transport ◽  
Soft Manipulator ◽  
Therapeutic Cell

“Living” cell sheets or bioelectronic chips have great potentials to improve the quality of diagnostics and therapies. However, handling these thin and delicate materials remains a grand challenge because the external force applied for gripping and releasing can easily deform or damage the materials. This study presents a soft manipulator that can manipulate and transport cell/tissue sheets and ultrathin wearable biosensing devices seamlessly by recapitulating how a cephalopod’s suction cup works. The soft manipulator consists of an ultrafast thermo-responsive, microchanneled hydrogel layer with tissue-like softness and an electric heater layer. The electric current to the manipulator drives microchannels of the gel to shrink/expand and results in a pressure change through the microchannels. The manipulator can lift/detach an object within 10 s and can be used repeatedly over 50 times. This soft manipulator would be highly useful for safe and reliable assembly and implantation of therapeutic cell/tissue sheets and biosensing devices.

scholarly journals An International Comparison of the Community Mobility Patterns of Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 673-673
Author(s):  
Lizette Swanepoel ◽  
Isabelle Gelinas ◽  
Barbara Mazer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Mobility ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Safe Transport

Abstract Community mobility in older adults is important for maintaining health, quality of life and social participation. Globally, older adults who are non-drivers, access their community through various modes of transport to maintain community mobility. This international cross-sectional cohort study (n=246) explored the mobility patterns of older adults and examined their access to out-of-home activities and health related quality of life in seven countries. Quality of life was determined using EQ-5D-5L and was generally high among all participants. Findings from the study indicate that a complex myriad of factors influence safe transport mobility in older adults. Results suggested that inclement weather and place of residence negatively impacted access to out-of-home activities, yet these factors but did not increase use of public transport. Given the complexity of transportation use and mobility patterns in older adults, an individualised approach may be necessary to keep older adults connected to their out-of-home activities.

The Internet in developing nations: Grand challenges (originally published in April 2004)

First Monday ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Press
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Grand Challenges ◽  
Developed Nations

This is a call for a "Grand Challenge" project for achieving truly global connectivity. For over a decade, we have hypothesized that the Internet could raise the quality of life in developing nations. We have conducted hundreds of studies of the state of the Internet and "e–readiness," done extensive training of technicians and policy makers, run pilot studies, and held local, regional and global conferences and workshops. After all of this activity, Internet connectivity is nearly non–existent in rural areas of developing nations, and far below that of developed nations in the urban areas of developing nations. This is not to say the activity of the past decade has been a waste. We have demonstrated the value of the Internet and raised awareness. The United Nations and the administrations of nearly all nations have acknowledged the potential of the Internet. The way has been paved, and it is time to act on what we have learned. After outlining the work of the last decade, we explore one possible Grand Challenge: Connecting every village in the rural developing world to the Internet using a strategy similar to that used in building the NSFNet. We speculate on wireless technologies that might play a role in working toward that goal: Terrestrial, high–altitude platform, and satellite. We conclude with a brief discussion of alternative Grand Challenges and a call for action. The time is ripe for an audacious project. What could we achieve with US$15 billion and ten years time?

Research on the Dangerous Quality of Roasting Lighter for Electric Heater

2012 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 2461-2464
Author(s):  
Lian Tie Wang ◽  
Chang Zheng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Electric Heating ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Quartz Tube ◽  
Electric Heater ◽  
Large Space

This dissertation is centered about the research on the quartz-tube roasting lighter for electric heater by the simulative test methods. The experiments are carried out and accomplished in a large space laboratory. It turns out that the burning possibility are directly related to three aspects, including the power of electric heating, the distance between the lighter and electric heating, and, most importantly,the surrounding combustible condition. When the lighter is heated by electric heating and get blasted, combustible tend to be caught fire instantly if it is near to the lighter and the cause of fire, vice versa.

scholarly journals ANALISA KINERJA SISTEM HEATING DEHUMIDIFIER MENGGUNAKAN AC SPLIT UNTUK PENGERINGAN IKAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudhy Kurniawan ◽  
Ruslani Ruslani ◽  
Fadil Akbar Anggriawan
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electric Heater ◽  
Fish Production ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Dried Fish ◽  
Drying Chamber ◽  
Potential Area

One of great potential area in the fisheries sector in West Java province is Indramayu District. Percentage of fisheries production which accounts for 60% of the needs of the fishery. Indramayu community, especially the northern coastal areas of Indramayu district of livelihood relies heavily on the this sector. During this process the dried fish production still relies on the natural conditions of the solar thermal. So that when the rainy season the fishermen feel a loss, because of natural heating hampered and finally ignored orders from customers due to the  and declining fish quality, so prices soaring sales doubled. Hence, the need for attention to improving the quality of production of dry fish processing, is one of the way by utilizing the split Air Conditioning (AC) as a heating dehumidifier for drying fish. This equipment is modified by utilizing the waste heat from the condenser as reheat is then added to the electric heater is controlled according to the needs drying, and after that it was blown with using  fan/blower to the drying chamber containing the fish on the shelves are arranged. The results obtained can be analyzed on the performance, drying temperature and relative humidity (RH) or water content is as expected.

scholarly journals Effect of Pressure on the Uniformity of Nozzles Transverse Distribution and Mathematical Model Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 563-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Višacki ◽  
Aleksandar Sedlar ◽  
Rajko Bugarin ◽  
Jan Turan ◽  
Patrik Burg
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Pesticide Application ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Transverse Distribution ◽  
Working Liquid

Timely and high-quality application of pesticides contributes to environmental protection, economical production and production of healthy food. The efficacy of pesticide application depends not only on the quality of pesticides but also the quality of the application. One of the factor that most influences the quality of applications, from the standpoint of mechanization, are nozzles. They working liquid applied on the surface the plant resulting in the same volume of pesticide is applied to the entire surface of the plants. To achieve this goal, nozzles must be performed uniform application of working liquid per unit area, or tractor sprayer working width. The variable factor in the application of pesticides may be nozzle and operating pressure. With increasing working pressure obtained smaller droplets. The paper presents test of three different nozzles. Each nozzle is characterized by a flat jet with an angle of 110° and a flow rate of 1.6 l∙min−1 at a pressure of 3 bar. Differ from each other are by the way of disintegration of the jet. Exactly this characteristic causes that with pressure change coming to changes in the uniformity of nozzles transverse distribution. So the best distribution has nozzle with a flat jet. The coefficient of variation is between roughly from 4 to 6 % at the pressure application of 2 to 4 bar. Obtained mathematical model that describes changes in the coefficient of variation depending on pressure applications can be a good basis for easy harmonization parameters in the pesticide application.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF A MICROSCOPY SLIDE SYSTEM OF BASIC SUBJECTS FOR INCLUSION IN E -STUDIES FOR MEDICAL AND DENTISTRY STUDENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Mara Pilmane ◽  
Elga Sidhoma ◽  
Zane Vitenberga
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Independent Study ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Slide Scanner ◽  
Classroom Time ◽  
Basic Medical

INTRODUCTION Medical and dentistry studies are time-consuming and require patience and perseverance. The study of basic medical subjects including Histology with Cell biology and Embryology require the possibility for regular study of tissues and self-evaluation which should not be limited in time, and should not be limited to classroom time. Furthermore, official slide-sets for the above-mentioned subjects often contain incomplete cell, tissue and organ slides which do not allow a full understanding of the teaching subjects. Thus, our aim was the development of a microscopy slide system for basic medical subjects to be included in e-studies which are accessible to medical students anywhere and anytime MATERIALS AND METHODS We planned to use 220 slides in Histology and 80 slides in Embryology. For the scanning process a Glissando Slide Scanner was used (Objective Imaging Ltd., UK). Slide images were then processed using Adobe Photoshop 7.0.1 Update and Paint.Net Software. A description of the slides was evaluated by three tutors, independent experts and IT specialists and all slides were transferred/incorporated into the Riga Stradiņš University e-study system. RESULTS The result was the development of 786 high quality digitalised slides with easily changeable magnification for two subjects:  372 new slides for use in Histology for the Medical faculty (MF) and 290 new slides for use in Histology for the Dentistry faculty (DF); 65 new slides for use in Embryology for the MF and 59 slides for the DF. Additionally, the quality of 230 Histology slides and 99 Embryology slides previously scanned using a press scanner were improved. Furthermore, descriptions of each slide were given in Latvian and English for easier orientation and to facilitate independent study. Altogether, slide descriptions were prepared for 16 2nd semester labs and 15 3rd semester labs in MF Histology, while the DF received 14 descriptions for 1st semester labs and 8 descriptions for 2nd semester labs in this subject. In Embryology, 6 lab slide descriptions for the MF were used and 5 lab slide descriptions for the DF were used. All slides were also marked with a special university watermark. The slide-set introduction contained a warning to students regarding copy/reproduction rights . In the end, the addition of slide study to e-studies was very highly evaluated by Latvian and foreign students in student feed-back questionnaires at the end of their studies in basic medical subjects. CONCLUSION The inclusion of Histology and Embryology slide-sets in e-studies allows an absolutely indispensable possibility for modern, independent study in medicine, saving the time of students and tutors outside the auditorium and creates the possibility of increasing the number of students in the classes. The digitalisation of high quality slides allows the development of many variations of basic teaching slides and expands teaching explanations in this way. The existing digitalised slide-sets and their descriptions can easily be changed if needed. However, the minus of such digitalised slide-sets in e-studies is that violations of university property copy rights by students cannot be excluded. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The Foundation of Boris and Inara Teterevi is highly acknowledged for its financial support of the development of digitalised e-studies slide-set Programs in Histology and Embryology at Riga Stradiņš University.  

scholarly journals Influence of Temperature and Pressure Change on Adiabatic and Isothermal Methanation Processes

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jekaterina Porubova ◽  
Marco Klemm ◽  
Isabel Kiendl ◽  
Karlis Valters ◽  
Darja Markova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Theoretical Modelling ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium Calculations

Abstract Energy plans of many countries anticipate an increased use of biomethane for energy supply, i.e., in power and heat production as well as in the transport sector. Existing infrastructure of natural gas storage, supply and application provides a good platform to facilitate transfer to biomethane utilization on a larger scale. One key element of the biomethane system is the upgrade of the biomass-derived synthesis gas originating from different sources, to a quality of natural gas (SNG - Synthesis Natural Gas) via the methanation process for further injection into the natural gas grid.. The maximisation of efficiency of the methanation process is of critical importance in order to make biomethane technology viable for wider application. The aim of the study was to improve efficiency of the methanation process by finding the optimum temperatures and pressure. Theoretical modelling of adiabatic and isothermal methanation processes by using thermodynamic equilibrium calculations was introduced as a method for the study. The results show the impact of temperature and pressure changes on the overall efficiency of methane production. It can be concluded from the study that knowledge about the relation between temperature, pressure and the efficiency of the methanation process makes it possible to optimize the process under various biomass synthesized gas input conditions.

Preliminary Results for a New Final Package Test to Assess the Quality of Sterile Package Systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut Dunkelberg ◽  
Silke Wedekind
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Airborne Bacteria ◽  
Mechanical Device ◽  
Mechanical Pressure ◽  
Packaging System ◽  
Laboratory Errors ◽  
Pressure Changes

AbstractObjectives:To develop a microbial test method to ascertain the passage of airborne bacteria through the medical device packaging System after sterilization, and to apply this test method to flexible packages under mechanical pressure changes.Methods:Petri dishes filled with nutrient agar were integrated into the packaging unit prior to sterilization. We examined paper packaging consisting of 1 (single-paper packaging [P]), 2 (double-paper packaging [PP] and textile and paper double packaging [TP]), and 3 (double packaging with transport packaging [TPP]) layers. After sterilization, the test packages were pressed five times per minute for 1 or 3 hours by a mechanical device weighing 1 kg. This exposure took place in rooms with an average airborne bacterial count of 35 (room 1) or 440 (room 2) CFU/m3. The packaging was opened following culture at 37° C for 48 hours to determine the number of colonies formed.Results:The proportion of contaminated packages rose with the duration of mechanical stress and increased airborne bacteria concentration. Thus, mechanical pressure change for 3 hours resulted in the contamination of 60% (P), 15% (PP), 0% (TP), and 0% (TPP) of the packages in room 1, whereas 100% (P), 65% (PP), 73% (TP), and 0% (TPP) of the packages in room 2 were contaminated.Conclusions:This test method allows sterile packaging Systems to be tested for contamination under practical conditions without extensive laboratory preparation. Contamination as a resuit of laboratory errors can be ruled out almost certainly.

scholarly journals INOVASI PENGOLAHAN PEPAYA MENJADI SWIR PEPAYA GORENG SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN NILAI EKONOMI

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
MUFIDA DIAH LESTARI ◽  
Siti Nur Nafi'ah ◽  
Aisy Intan Nabilah ◽  
Anas Nur Azizah
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Reproductive Process ◽  
Skin Cell ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Salad Vegetables

ABSTRAK   Proposal ini membahas tentang inovasi baru dalam menambah nilai serta manfaat dari buah pepaya. Buah pepaya sangat familiar oleh masyarakat terutama di Indonesia, merupakan buah yang memiliki ciri fisik yaitu berwarna orange ketika sudah masak dan berwarna hijau ketika masih mentah. Pepaya merupakan buah yang mengandung banyak vitamin A dan C. Pada umumnya pepaya hanya dimanfaatkan untuk dijadikan rujak,sayur dan dimakan secara langsung. Kegunaan pepaya sebagai sumber vitamin A yang mana vitamin A bermanfaat untuk membantu proses reproduksi dan kesehatan pada mata. Selain itu pepaya juga mengandung vitamin C yang bermanfaat untuk memperbaiki jaringan sel kulit dan mengurangi resiko serangan jantung.Tentunya hal ini sangat bermanfaat bagi tubuh manusia termasuk mahasiswa. Oleh karena itu, untuk menambah daya tarik dari buah pepaya, kini diciptakan alternative baru agar masyarakat tertarik untuk mengonsumsinya, yakni dengan membuat inovasi buah pepaya menjadi swir pepaya goreng sebagai peningkatan mutu nilai ekonomi buah pepaya. Kata Kunci: pepaya, inovasi, nilai ekonomi   ABSTRACT   This proposal discusses new innovations in adding value and benefits to the papaya fruit. Papaya fruit is very familiar to people, especially in Indonesia, is a fruit that has physical characteristics, namely orange when it is ripe and green when it is still raw. Papaya is a fruit that contains lots of vitamins A and C. In general, papaya is only used for salad, vegetables and eaten directly. The use of papaya as a source of vitamin A which vitamin A is useful for helping the reproductive process and eye health. In addition, papaya also contains vitamin C which is useful for repairing skin cell tissue and reducing the risk of heart attack. Of course this is very beneficial for the human body, including students. Therefore, to increase the attractiveness of papaya fruit, a new alternative is being created so that people are interested in consuming it, namely by making papaya fruit innovation into self-fried papaya as an increase in the quality of the economic value of papaya. Keywords: papaya, innovation, economic value

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