scholarly journals Network-based atrophy modeling in the common epilepsies: A worldwide ENIGMA study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (47) ◽  
pp. eabc6457
Author(s):  
Sara Larivière ◽  
Raúl Rodríguez-Cruces ◽  
Jessica Royer ◽  
Maria Eugenia Caligiuri ◽  
Antonio Gambardella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Distinct Disease ◽  
The Common ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy

Epilepsy is increasingly conceptualized as a network disorder. In this cross-sectional mega-analysis, we integrated neuroimaging and connectome analysis to identify network associations with atrophy patterns in 1021 adults with epilepsy compared to 1564 healthy controls from 19 international sites. In temporal lobe epilepsy, areas of atrophy colocalized with highly interconnected cortical hub regions, whereas idiopathic generalized epilepsy showed preferential subcortical hub involvement. These morphological abnormalities were anchored to the connectivity profiles of distinct disease epicenters, pointing to temporo-limbic cortices in temporal lobe epilepsy and fronto-central cortices in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Negative effects of age on atrophy further revealed a strong influence of connectome architecture in temporal lobe, but not idiopathic generalized, epilepsy. Our findings were reproduced across individual sites and single patients and were robust across different analytical methods. Through worldwide collaboration in ENIGMA-Epilepsy, we provided deeper insights into the macroscale features that shape the pathophysiology of common epilepsies.

scholarly journals Network-based atrophy modelling in the common epilepsies: a worldwide ENIGMA study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Larivière ◽  
Raúl Rodríguez-Cruces ◽  
Jessica Royer ◽  
Maria Eugenia Caligiuri ◽  
Antonio Gambardella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Distinct Disease ◽  
The Common ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy

SUMMARYEpilepsy is increasingly conceptualized as a network disorder. In this cross-sectional mega-analysis, we integrated neuroimaging and connectome analysis to identify network associations with atrophy patterns in 1,021 adults with epilepsy compared to 1,564 healthy controls from 19 international sites. In temporal lobe epilepsy, areas of atrophy co-localized with highly interconnected cortical hub regions, whereas idiopathic generalized epilepsy showed preferential subcortical hub involvement. These morphological abnormalities were anchored to the connectivity profiles of distinct disease epicenters, pointing to temporo-limbic cortices in temporal lobe epilepsy and fronto-central cortices in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Indices of progressive atrophy further revealed a strong influence of connectome architecture on disease progression in temporal lobe, but not idiopathic generalized, epilepsy. Our findings were reproduced across individual sites and single patients, and were robust across different analytical methods. Through worldwide collaboration in ENIGMA-Epilepsy, we provided novel insights into the macroscale features that shape the pathophysiology of common epilepsies.

scholarly journals The Impact of Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy on Executive Functions

2021 ◽  
pp. 097275312096875
Author(s):  
Haritha Koganti ◽  
Shasthara Paneyala ◽  
Harsha Sundaramurthy ◽  
Nemichandra SC ◽  
Rithvik S Kashyap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
The Impact

Background: Idiopathic generalized epilepsy is defined as seizures with a possible hereditary predisposition without an underlying cause or structural pathology. Assessment of executive dysfunction in idiopathic generalized epilepsies based on standard Indian battery is not available in the literature. Aims and Objectives: To assess specific executive functions affected in patients with idiopathic epilepsy and their association with various variables. Materials and Methods: Type of observational cross-sectional study, where clinical profile of all idiopathic epilepsy patients attending the neurology OPD was studied and their executive higher mental functions were assessed using the NIMHANS battery. Results: A total of 75 idiopathic generalized epilepsy patients were included in the study. Executive functions that were commonly found abnormal in our study were word fluency ( P ≤ .001), category fluency ( P < .001), verbal n-back ( P < .001), Tower of London ( p < 0.01), and Stroop test ( P < 0.01). Executive functions showed a significant correlation with age at symptom onset, duration of epilepsy, and in those with uncontrolled seizures. Conclusion: Patients of idiopathic generalized epilepsy according to the present study were found to have significant executive dysfunction in multiple domains. This necessitates the screening for executive dysfunctions, which if detected should prompt the clinician to initiate cognitive retraining.

scholarly journals Elevated IL-6 and IL-1β are associated with temporal lobe epilepsy: A study in Chinese patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 205873921877893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xia ◽  
Song-Qing Pan ◽  
Qiu-Min Zhang ◽  
Qin Zhou ◽  
Lu Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Temporal Epilepsy ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Plasma Cytokines ◽  
Proinflammatory Molecules ◽  
Positive Correlations

Activation of proinflammatory cytokines in seizures has been well characterized. However, role of cytokines in epilepsy and association with different clinical phenotype has not been well investigated. Reports on possible link between proinflammatory molecules and epilepsy are very limited. In this study, we performed a hospital-based case control study to investigate the association of plasma cytokines and their expression with different clinical categories of epilepsy. Patients admitted to Neurology Department of Renmin Hospital were enrolled in this study after clinical investigations. In all, 92 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and 45 with extra-temporal lobe epilepsy (XTLE) were included in this study. Furthermore, we included 86 healthy controls from the similar geographical population. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-1β were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All plasma cytokines were elevated in TLE and XTLE compared to healthy controls ( P < 0.0001). Furthermore, IL-6 and IL-1β were significantly higher in TLE when compared to extra-temporal epilepsy. Incidentally, no difference in mean plasma TNF-α levels was noticed among TLE and XTLE. Positive correlations were observed between all plasma proinflammatory molecules (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) investigated in this study. Epilepsy patients displayed higher proinflammatory molecules, namely, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Plasma IL-6 and IL-1β can be use as biomarkers for differentiation of TLE from XTLE.

scholarly journals MRI segmentation analysis in temporal lobe and idiopathic generalized epilepsy

BMC Neurology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hila Goldberg ◽  
Arie Weinstock ◽  
Niels Bergsland ◽  
Michael G Dwyer ◽  
Osman Farooq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Mri Segmentation ◽  
Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Segmentation Analysis ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy
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