scholarly journals Nucleoside Analogs with Antiviral Activity against Yellow Fever Virus

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keivan Zandi ◽  
Franck Amblard ◽  
Sarah Amichai ◽  
Leda Bassit ◽  
Sijia Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Nucleoside Analogs ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Effective Drug ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Potent Antiviral Activity ◽  
The World

ABSTRACT Yellow fever virus (YFV) is a human Flavivirus reemerging in parts of the world. While a vaccine is available, large outbreaks have recently occurred in Brazil and certain African countries. Development of an effective antiviral against YFV is crucial, as there is no available effective drug against YFV. We have identified several novel nucleoside analogs with potent antiviral activity against YFV with 50% effective concentration (EC50) values between 0.25 and 1 μM with selectivity indices over 100 in culture.

scholarly journals Vírus Zika: Revisão para Clínicos

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor Laerte Pinto Junior ◽  
Kleber Luz ◽  
Ricardo Parreira ◽  
Paulo Ferrinho
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Abrupt Onset ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Virus Zika

Zika virus is a flavivirus related to Dengue virus, yellow fever virus and West Nile virus. It is considered an emerging arbovirus transmitted by mosquitos of the genus Aedes. Its first description took place in 1947 in the Zika Forest in Uganda, isolated on Rhesus monkey used as bait to study the yellow fever virus. Sporadic cases have been detected in African countries and at the end of the 70’s in Indonesia. In 2007, epidemics were described in Micronesia and other islands in the Pacific Ocean and more recently in Brazil. Clinical picture is characterized as a ‘dengue-like’ syndrome, with abrupt onset of fever and an early onset evanescent rash, often pruritic. Occasionally the disease has been associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Nevertheless, until now deaths and complications caused by the disease were not reported. The diagnosis can be performed by PCR or by IgG and IgM antibodies detection. The rapid spread of the virus and its epidemic potential are especially problematic in countries where there are the circulation of other arboviruses which<br />imposes difficulties in the differential diagnosis and healthcare burden. Control measures are the same recommended for dengue and chikungunya which are based in health education and vector control.

Thiosemicarbazones and Phthalyl-Thiazoles compounds exert antiviral activity against yellow fever virus and Saint Louis encephalitis virus

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 381-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Colombelli Pacca ◽  
Rafael Elias Marques ◽  
José Wanderlan P. Espindola ◽  
Gevânio B.O.Oliveira Filho ◽  
Ana Cristina Lima Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Saint Louis ◽  
Saint Louis Encephalitis

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of the antiviral activity of extracts from the lichen Parmelia perlata (L.) Ach. against three RNA viruses

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (03) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles O. Esimone ◽  
Kenneth C. Ofokansi ◽  
Michael U. Adikwu ◽  
Emmanuel C. Ibezim ◽  
Dominic O. Abonyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Cytopathic Effect ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Viral Envelope ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Polysaccharide Fraction ◽  
Crude Polysaccharide

Background: Substances extracted from lichens have previously been reported to possess antimicrobial activities against various groups of bacteria, fungi and viruses. Due to the high abundance of Parmelia perlata in the Eastern parts of Nigeria, we decided to explore whether it possesses antiviral activity against some common animal and human viruses. Methodology: The dried and powdered lichen was extracted with acetone, water and 4% (v/v) NaOH (to yield a crude polysaccharide fraction) using standard methods. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was investigated on HEP-2, Vero and L20 cell lines. The antiviral properties were determined against yellow fever, poliomyelitis and infectious bursal disease virus of chickens using the end-point cytopathic effect assay. Phytochemical evaluations of the extracts were also carried out. Results: Phytochemical tests showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, steroidal aglycone, carbohydrates and also the presence, in trace amounts, of some oligodynamic elements. Cytotoxicity tests revealed that while L20 was susceptible to the extracts at a concentration of 50 μg/ml, the extracts were generally toxic to the cell lines at concentrations above 500 μg/ml. The order of sensitivity of the cell lines was L20 > HEP-2 > Vero. The water and acetone extracts showed no activity against the viruses when tested at concentrations below the cytotoxic level while the crude polysaccharide fraction showed activity against yellow fever virus with an IC50 of 15 μg/ml. The time of addition of the test extracts to the infected cells did not have significant effect on cytopathic effect inhibition. Conclusions: The results showed that the crude polysaccharide fraction from Parmelia perlata possesses specific antiviral activity against yellow fever virus. It is postulated that a major mechanism of inhibition of yellow fever infection by the crude polysaccharide fraction of the lichen could be by attack on the viral envelope.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on In Vitro Activities of Citral, Limonene and Essential Oils from Lippia citriodora and L. alba on Yellow Fever Virus

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz Angela Gómez ◽  
Elena Stashenko ◽  
Raquel Elvira Ocazionez
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Lippia Citriodora ◽  
Virus Adsorption ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ic50 Values

The aim of this study was to compare the antiviral activities in vitro of citral, limonene and essential oils (EOs) from Lippia citriodora and L. alba on the replication of yellow fever virus (YFV). Citral and EOs were active before and after virus adsorption on cells; IC50 values were between 4.3 and 25 μg/mL and SI ranged from 1.1 to 10.8. Results indicate that citral could contribute to the antiviral activity of the L. citriodora EO. Limonene was not active and seemed to play an insignificant role in the antiviral activity of the examined EOs.

scholarly journals Screening for antiviral activity of two purified saponin fractions of Quillaja spp. against Yellow Fever Virus and Chikungunya Virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 205-214
Author(s):  
Eduardo Troian ◽  
Karoline Schallenberger ◽  
Francini Da Silva ◽  
Gabriela Dietrich ◽  
Fernando Ferreira Chiesa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
African Green Monkey Kidney ◽  
Plaque Reduction Assay ◽  
Enveloped Virus

Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) and Chikungunya Virus (CHIV) are neglected reemerging pathogens that cause comorbidities worldwide. Since no antiviral drug is prescribed for those infections, there is a demand on researching compounds that inhibit viral replication. Saponins are amphiphilic compounds that already demonstrated in vitro activity against enveloped virus. Therefore, two purified saponin fractions from Quillaja spp. were evaluated regarding their antiviral potential against YFV and CHIKV. The cell line used in this study was VERO (African green monkey kidney cells) since it is permissive to the replication of both viruses. The antiviral activity of both saponins fractions was screened using the plaque reduction assay protocol. Although saponins did not inhibited YFV replication, they strongly inhibited CHIKV. To confirm the absence of antiviral activity of Quillaja saponins against YFV, the cytopathic effect inhibition assay was performed also. Further studies are required to determine the antiviral mechanisms involved in the CHIKV inhibition.

scholarly journals Antiviral and Cytotoxic Activity of Different Plant Parts of Banana (Musa spp.)

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 549
Author(s):  
Sujogya Kumar Panda ◽  
Ana Hortência Fonsêca Castro ◽  
Ramin Saleh Jouneghani ◽  
Pieter Leyssen ◽  
Johan Neyts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Enterovirus 71 ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Banana Plant

Chikungunya and yellow fever virus cause vector-borne viral diseases in humans. There is currently no specific antiviral drug for either of these diseases. Banana plants are used in traditional medicine for treating viral diseases such as measles and chickenpox. Therefore, we tested selected banana cultivars for their antiviral but also cytotoxic properties. Different parts such as leaf, pseudostem and corm, collected separately and extracted with four different solvents (hexane, acetone, ethanol, and water), were tested for in vitro antiviral activity against Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), enterovirus 71 (EV71), and yellow fever virus (YFV). Extracts prepared with acetone and ethanol from leaf parts of several cultivars exhibited strong (EC50 around 10 μg/mL) anti-CHIKV activity. Interestingly, none of the banana plant extracts (concentration 1–100 µg/mL) were active against EV71. Activity against YFV was restricted to two cultivars: Namwa Khom–Pseudostem–Ethanol (5.9 ± 5.4), Namwa Khom–Corm–Ethanol (0.79 ± 0.1) and Fougamou–Corm–Acetone (2.5 ± 1.5). In most cases, the cytotoxic activity of the extracts was generally 5- to 10-fold lower than the antiviral activity, suggesting a reasonable therapeutic window.

scholarly journals Yellow fever virus outbreak in Brazil under current and future climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 664-677
Author(s):  
Tara Sadeghieh ◽  
Jan M. Sargeant ◽  
Amy L. Greer ◽  
Olaf Berke ◽  
Guillaume Dueymes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Future Climate

scholarly journals Yellow Fever Outbreak in Eastern Senegal, 2020–2021

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1475
Author(s):  
Moussa Moïse Diagne ◽  
Marie Henriette Dior Ndione ◽  
Alioune Gaye ◽  
Mamadou Aliou Barry ◽  
Diawo Diallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
World Health ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Ministry Of Health

Yellow fever virus remains a major threat in low resource countries in South America and Africa despite the existence of an effective vaccine. In Senegal and particularly in the eastern part of the country, periodic sylvatic circulation has been demonstrated with varying degrees of impact on populations in perpetual renewal. We report an outbreak that occurred from October 2020 to February 2021 in eastern Senegal, notified and managed through the synergistic effort yellow fever national surveillance implemented by the Senegalese Ministry of Health in collaboration with the World Health Organization, the countrywide 4S network set up by the Ministry of Health, the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, and the surveillance of arboviruses and hemorrhagic fever viruses in human and vector populations implemented since mid 2020 in eastern Senegal. Virological analyses highlighted the implication of sylvatic mosquito species in virus transmission. Genomic analysis showed a close relationship between the circulating strain in eastern Senegal, 2020, and another one from the West African lineage previously detected and sequenced two years ago from an unvaccinated Dutch traveler who visited the Gambia and Senegal before developing signs after returning to Europe. Moreover, genome analysis identified a 6-nucleotide deletion in the variable domain of the 3′UTR with potential impact on the biology of the viral strain that merits further investigations. Integrated surveillance of yellow fever virus but also of other arboviruses of public health interest is crucial in an ecosystem such as eastern Senegal.

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