scholarly journals A Single Oral Dose of Thalidomide Enhances the Capacity of Lymphocytes to Secrete Gamma Interferon in Healthy Humans

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 2286-2290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelies Verbon ◽  
Nicole P. Juffermans ◽  
Peter Speelman ◽  
Sander J. H. van Deventer ◽  
Ineke J. M. ten Berge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Interleukin 5 ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Cytokine Balance ◽  
Th1 And Th2 Cytokines

ABSTRACT Thalidomide is increasingly being used as adjuvant therapy for patients with mycobacterial and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. The T-helper (Th)1 cytokine–Th2 cytokine balance critically determines the outcomes of these diseases. To obtain insight into the effect of thalidomide on the capacity of lymphocytes to produce Th1 and Th2 cytokines, six healthy volunteers received an oral dose (400 mg) of thalidomide. Before and at 3, 6, and 24 h after ingestion of thalidomide, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and stimulated for 24 h with the T-cell stimulant staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) or anti-CD3/CD28. In all six volunteers ingestion of thalidomide was associated with enhanced SEB- and anti-CD3/CD28-induced production of the Th1 cytokine gamma interferon (P < 0.05) and a decrease in the level of anti-CD3/CD28-induced interleukin-5 (IL-5) production (P < 0.05). The levels of IL-2 (Th1) and IL-4 (Th2) released remained unchanged. These changes were accompanied by an increase in the amount of IL-12p40 released by the PBMCs 6 h after ingestion of thalidomide (P < 0.05). Thus, a single oral dose of thalidomide causes a Th1-type response in healthy humans. This finding offers a potential explanation for the positive effect of thalidomide in patients with mycobacterial and HIV infections.

Assessment of Key Elements in the Innate Immunity System Among Patients with HIV, HCV, and Coinfections of HIV/HCV

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-200
Author(s):  
Maryam Moradi ◽  
Alireza Tabibzadeh ◽  
Davod Javanmard ◽  
Saied Ghorbani ◽  
Farah Bokharaei-Salim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Hiv Coinfection ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Immunity Genes ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Hcv Coinfection

Background: Coinfection of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has a higher risk of mortality than HCV or HIV monoinfection. HCV and HIV infections are specified by systemic inflammation, but the inflammation process in HCV/HIV coinfection is much complicated and is not well characterized. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of TLR-3, TLR-7, IL-10, IFN-1 (IFN-α, IFN-β), and TNF-α in HIV, HCV and HIV/HCV co-infected patients. Methods: Forty-five patients including HIV group (n=15), HCV group (n=15), HIV/HCV coinfection group (n=15) and healthy control group (n=15) participated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained. PBMC-RNA, HCV and HIV RNA were extracted from all subjects and cDNA was synthesized. The viral load analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and the expression levels of IFN-α, IFN-β, TLR-3, TLR-7, TNF, and IL-10 mRNA were quantified in PBMCs. Results: The levels of IFN-I, IL-10, and TNF-α were overexpressed in all patients’ groups (P<0.05), TLR-7 was upregulated in all groups, but this upregulation was not statistically significant (p>0.05). TLR-3 showed a decrease in all patient groups (P<0.05). The statistical analysis demonstrated that TLR-3 has a negative correlation with HIV load, whereas other genes positively correlated with HIV load. In addition, TLR-3, TNF-α, and IFN-I were negatively correlated with HCV load, whereas TLR-7 and IL-10 s were positively correlated with HCV load. Conclusion: Our results showed a significant relationship between the expression level of innate immunity genes and inflammation in HCV, HIV, and HIV/HCV coinfected patients.

scholarly journals Lactobacilli and Streptococci Induce Interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-18, and Gamma Interferon Production in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 6058-6062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minja Miettinen ◽  
Sampsa Matikainen ◽  
Jaana Vuopio-Varkila ◽  
Jaana Pirhonen ◽  
Kari Varkila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated with three nonpathogenic Lactobacillus strains and with one pathogenic Streptococcus pyogenes strain, and cytokine gene expression and protein production were analyzed. All bacteria strongly induced interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA expression and protein production. S. pyogenes was the most potent inducer of secretion of IL-12 and gamma interferon (IFN-γ), and two of three Lactobacillusstrains induced IL-12 and IFN-γ production. All strains induced IL-18 protein production. IL-10 and IL-4 production was induced weakly and not at all, respectively. Our data show that nonpathogenic lactobacilli and pathogenic streptococci can induce Th1 type cytokines IL-12, IL-18, and IFN-γ in human PBMC.

scholarly journals Extracellular Expression of a Functional Recombinant Ganoderma lucidium Immunomodulatory Protein by Bacillus subtilis and Lactococcus lactis

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 1039-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan M. Yeh ◽  
Chun K. Yeh ◽  
Xun Y. Hsu ◽  
Qiu M. Luo ◽  
Ming Y. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Heterologous Proteins ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Th1 And Th2 Cytokines ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Immunomodulatory Protein ◽  
Overlapping Extension Pcr

ABSTRACT Bacillus subtilis and Lactococcus lactis are ideal hosts for the production of extracellular heterologous proteins of major commercial importance. A recombinant gene for the novel Ganoderma lucidium immunomodulatory protein LZ-8, recombinant LZ-8, was designed encoding the same amino acid sequence but using the preferred codons for both strains and was synthesized by overlapping extension PCR. Using the signal peptide (SP) from subtilisin YaB (SPYaB), recombinant LZ-8 was expressed extracellularly in Bacillus subtilis and Lactococcus lactis. In the absence of SPYaB, recombinant LZ-8 was expressed extracellularly in B. subtilis, but not in L. lactis. The three expressed recombinant LZ-8s showed different capacities for modulating the production of Th1 and Th2 cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells and of tumor necrosis factor alpha by a macrophage cell line.

Single oral dose of cisapride accelerates gastric antral emptying in healthy humans: An ultrasonographic study

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torahiko Takeda ◽  
Hiroyuki Konomi ◽  
Gen Naritomi ◽  
Junichi Yoshida ◽  
Hiroaki Matsunaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Healthy Humans

scholarly journals Defective gamma interferon production in leprosy. Reversal with antigen and interleukin 2.

1983 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. 2165-2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Nogueira ◽  
G Kaplan ◽  
E Levy ◽  
E N Sarno ◽  
P Kushner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Borderline Patients

Antigen and mitogen-induced gamma interferon (gamma-IFN) production was studied in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 34 leprosy patients. 17 of 18 lepromatous leprosy and borderline lepromatous patients (LL and BL) failed to release gamma-IFN in response to specific antigen (Mycobacterium leprae) and displayed reduced responses to mitogen (concanavalin A) stimulation. In contrast, cells from six tuberculoid and borderline tuberculoid patients (TT and BT) produced considerable levels of gamma-IFN under the same experimental conditions. Normal controls failed to respond to M. leprae and most displayed good responses to concanavalin A. Mid-borderline patients (BB) showed intermediate levels of gamma-IFN release. gamma-IFN release by lepromatous patients could be partially restored with purified interleukin 2 and M. leprae antigen but not with interleukin 2 alone.

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