scholarly journals Efficient Production of l-Lactic Acid from Xylose by Pichia stipitis

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Ilmén ◽  
Kari Koivuranta ◽  
Laura Ruohonen ◽  
Pirkko Suominen ◽  
Merja Penttilä
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Production ◽  
Pichia Stipitis ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Industrial Biotechnology ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Microbial Conversion ◽  
Wild Type Level

ABSTRACT Microbial conversion of renewable raw materials to useful products is an important objective in industrial biotechnology. Pichia stipitis, a yeast that naturally ferments xylose, was genetically engineered for l-(+)-lactate production. We constructed a P. stipitis strain that expressed the l-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from Lactobacillus helveticus under the control of the P. stipitis fermentative ADH1 promoter. Xylose, glucose, or a mixture of the two sugars was used as the carbon source for lactate production. The constructed P. stipitis strain produced a higher level of lactate and a higher yield on xylose than on glucose. Lactate accumulated as the main product in xylose-containing medium, with 58 g/liter lactate produced from 100 g/liter xylose. Relatively efficient lactate production also occurred on glucose medium, with 41 g/liter lactate produced from 94 g/liter glucose. In the presence of both sugars, xylose and glucose were consumed simultaneously and converted predominantly to lactate. Lactate was produced at the expense of ethanol, whose production decreased to ∼15 to 30% of the wild-type level on xylose-containing medium and to 70 to 80% of the wild-type level on glucose-containing medium. Thus, LDH competed efficiently with the ethanol pathway for pyruvate, even though the pathway from pyruvate to ethanol was intact. Our results show, for the first time, that lactate production from xylose by a yeast species is feasible and efficient. This is encouraging for further development of yeast-based bioprocesses to produce lactate from lignocellulosic raw material.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature on acid hydrolysis of Jerusalem artichoke as raw material for ethanol production

2013 ◽  
pp. 279-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radojka Razmovski ◽  
Vesna Vucurovic ◽  
Uros Miljic ◽  
Vladimir Puskas
Keyword(s):  
Hold Time ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Industrial Biotechnology ◽  
Microbial Conversion ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Theoretical Yield ◽  
Renewable Raw Material ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is a low-requirement crop, which does not interfere with food chain, and is a promising carbon source for industrial fermentation. Microbial conversion of such a renewable raw material to useful products, such as ethanol, is an important objective in industrial biotechnology. In this study, ethanol was efficiently produced from the hydrolyzates of JA obtained at different pH values (pH 2.5, pH 3.0 and pH 3.5), temperature (120, 130, 132 and 134?C) and hold time (30 and 60 min) by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The efficient degradation of JA by HCl under certain experimental conditions was confirmed by thin-layer chromatography. Ethanol concentration of 7.52% (w/w), which corresponds to 93.89 % of the theoretical yield is achieved by ethanol fermentation of JA hydrolyzate obtained at pH 2.5.

scholarly journals Genetic engineering, a hope for sustainable biofuel production: review

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudip Paudel ◽  
Michael A Menze
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Genetically Engineered Organisms

The use of recently developed genetic engineering tools in combination with organisms that have the potential to produce precursors for the production of biodiesel, promises a sustainable and environment friendly energy source. Enhanced lipid production in wild type and/or genetically engineered organisms can offer sufficient raw material for industrial transesterification of plant-based triglycerides. Bio-diesel, produced with the help of genetically modified organisms, might be one of the best alternatives to fossil fuels and to mitigate various environmental hazards. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10644 International Journal of the Environment Vol.3(2) 2014: 311-323

scholarly journals Parkin regulates drug-taking behavior in rat model of methamphetamine use disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhil Sharma ◽  
Arman Harutyunyan ◽  
Bernard L. Schneider ◽  
Anna Moszczynska
Keyword(s):  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Extended Access ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Methamphetamine Use Disorder

AbstractThere is no FDA-approved medication for methamphetamine (METH) use disorder. New therapeutic approaches are needed, especially for people who use METH heavily and are at high risk for overdose. This study used genetically engineered rats to evaluate PARKIN as a potential target for METH use disorder. PARKIN knockout, PARKIN-overexpressing, and wild-type young adult male Long Evans rats were trained to self-administer high doses of METH using an extended-access METH self-administration paradigm. Reinforcing/rewarding properties of METH were assessed by quantifying drug-taking behavior and time spent in a METH-paired environment. PARKIN knockout rats self-administered more METH and spent more time in the METH-paired environment than wild-type rats. Wild-type rats overexpressing PARKIN self-administered less METH and spent less time in the METH-paired environment. PARKIN knockout rats overexpressing PARKIN self-administered less METH during the first half of drug self-administration days than PARKIN-deficient rats. The results indicate that rats with PARKIN excess or PARKIN deficit are useful models for studying neural substrates underlying “resilience” or vulnerability to METH use disorder and identify PARKIN as a novel potential drug target to treat heavy use of METH.

scholarly journals Wild-Type Hras Suppresses the Earliest Stages of Tumorigenesis in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e0140253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie D. Weyandt ◽  
Benjamin L. Lampson ◽  
Sherry Tang ◽  
Matthew Mastrodomenico ◽  
Diana M. Cardona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Genetically Engineered Mouse Model

scholarly journals Retention of adenovirus E19 glycoprotein in the endoplasmic reticulum is essential to its ability to block antigen presentation.

1991 ◽  
Vol 174 (6) ◽  
pp. 1629-1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Cox ◽  
J R Bennink ◽  
J W Yewdell
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Antigen Presentation ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Class I ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Lumenal Domain

The E3/19K glycoprotein of adenovirus functions to diminish recognition of adenovirus-infected cells by major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) by binding intracellular class I molecules and preventing them from reaching the plasma membrane. In the present study we have characterized the nature of the interaction between E3/19K and the H-2Kd (Kd) molecule. An E3/19K molecule genetically engineered to terminate six residues from its normal COOH terminus (delta E19), was found to associate with Kd in a manner indistinguishable from wild-type E3/19K. Unlike E3/19K, however, delta E19 was transported through the Golgi complex to the plasma membrane, where it could be detected biochemically and immunocytochemically using a monoclonal antibody specific for the lumenal domain of E3/19K. Importantly, delta E19 also differed from E3/19K in being unable to prevent the presentation of Kd-restricted viral proteins to CTLs. This is unlikely to be due to delta E19 having a lower avidity for Kd than E3/19K, since delta E19 was able to compete with E3/19K for Kd binding, both physically, and functionally in nullifying the E3/19K blockade of antigen presentation. These findings indicate that the ability of E3/19K to block antigen presentation is due solely to its ability to retain newly synthesized class I molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum.

scholarly journals Light-driven fine chemical production in yeast biohybrids

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 362 (6416) ◽  
pp. 813-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junling Guo ◽  
Miguel Suástegui ◽  
Kelsey K. Sakimoto ◽  
Vanessa M. Moody ◽  
Gao Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Photogenerated Electrons ◽  
Common Precursor ◽  
Hybrid Platform

Inorganic-biological hybrid systems have potential to be sustainable, efficient, and versatile chemical synthesis platforms by integrating the light-harvesting properties of semiconductors with the synthetic potential of biological cells. We have developed a modular bioinorganic hybrid platform that consists of highly efficient light-harvesting indium phosphide nanoparticles and genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a workhorse microorganism in biomanufacturing. The yeast harvests photogenerated electrons from the illuminated nanoparticles and uses them for the cytosolic regeneration of redox cofactors. This process enables the decoupling of biosynthesis and cofactor regeneration, facilitating a carbon- and energy-efficient production of the metabolite shikimic acid, a common precursor for several drugs and fine chemicals. Our work provides a platform for the rational design of biohybrids for efficient biomanufacturing processes with higher complexity and functionality.

scholarly journals Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli W for isobutanol production on chemically defined medium and cheese whey as alternative raw material

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1117-1132
Author(s):  
Katharina Novak ◽  
Juliane Baar ◽  
Philipp Freitag ◽  
Stefan Pflügl
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Strain Improvement ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Substrate Uptake ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Plasmid Library

AbstractThe aim of this study was to establish isobutanol production on chemically defined medium in Escherichia coli. By individually expressing each gene of the pathway, we constructed a plasmid library for isobutanol production. Strain screening on chemically defined medium showed successful production in the robust E. coli W strain, and expression vector IB 4 was selected as the most promising construct due to its high isobutanol yields and efficient substrate uptake. The investigation of different aeration strategies in combination with strain improvement and the implementation of a pulsed fed-batch were key for the development of an efficient production process. E. coli W ΔldhA ΔadhE Δpta ΔfrdA enabled aerobic isobutanol production at 38% of the theoretical maximum. Use of cheese whey as raw material resulted in longer process stability, which allowed production of 20 g l−1 isobutanol. Demonstrating isobutanol production on both chemically defined medium and a residual waste stream, this study provides valuable information for further development of industrially relevant isobutanol production processes.

scholarly journals perekonomian indonesa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pricyllia
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Beverage Industry ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Food And Beverage Industry ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
The Cost

The 1930s was the heyday of the Indonesian sugarindustry that is capable of exporting to manycountries and has become the country an exporterof sugar to two after Cuba, but the situation isreversed since 1967 in which Indonesia wouldimport sugar from Brazil, India, and Thailand inorder to meet the needs raw material consumptionand food and beverage industry. The resultsshowed that the cost of sugar production isvery uneconomical because of inefficiency thatstretches from the cultivation to processing inthe factory so difficult to obtain profit margins.Target and beyond sugar self-sufficiency can notbe achieved because highly regulated, there is nosynergy and tends to conflicts of interests amongministries or agencies, and internal conflicts oftenoccur between the sugar mill and the disharmonybetween sugarcane farmers by the sugar millofficials.In the competition of the sugar industry aremore stringent, in the era of the Asean EconomicCommunity, it means the level of efficiency of sugarfactories in the country need special attention,the same thing also applies to industrial users ofsugar, and sugar as a raw material componentscontribute to the creation of products food andbeverage efficient so as to compete with similarproducts from other countries. Observing howthe intense competition in the Asean EconomicCommunity is based on free trade, the yield ofsugar that’s a cost efficient production is veryimportant and urgent at this time, including workto improve the welfare of farmers.

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