scholarly journals Air-Liquid Interface Biofilms of Bacillus cereus: Formation, Sporulation, and Dispersion

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1481-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janneke G. E. Wijman ◽  
Patrick P. L. A. de Leeuw ◽  
Roy Moezelaar ◽  
Marcel H. Zwietering ◽  
Tjakko Abee
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Microtiter Plates ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Industrial Storage ◽  
Air Liquid Interface

ABSTRACT Biofilm formation by Bacillus cereus was assessed using 56 strains of B. cereus, including the two sequenced strains, ATCC 14579 and ATCC 10987. Biofilm production in microtiter plates was found to be strongly dependent on incubation time, temperature, and medium, as well as the strain used, with some strains showing biofilm formation within 24 h and subsequent dispersion within the next 24 h. A selection of strains was used for quantitative analysis of biofilm formation on stainless steel coupons. Thick biofilms of B. cereus developed at the air-liquid interface, while the amount of biofilm formed was much lower in submerged systems. This suggests that B. cereus biofilms may develop particularly in industrial storage and piping systems that are partly filled during operation or where residual liquid has remained after a production cycle. Moreover, depending on the strain and culture conditions, spores constituted up to 90% of the total biofilm counts. This indicates that B. cereus biofilms can act as a nidus for spore formation and subsequently can release their spores into food production environments.

Characterization of biofilm formation by Salmonella enterica at the air-liquid interface in aquatic environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 190 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Andrés Medrano-Félix ◽  
Cristóbal Chaidez ◽  
Kristina D. Mena ◽  
María del Socorro Soto-Galindo ◽  
Nohelia Castro-del Campo
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Air Liquid Interface

scholarly journals Growth and differentiation of primary and passaged equine bronchial epithelial cells under conventional and air-liquid-interface culture conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getu Abraham ◽  
Claudia Zizzadoro ◽  
Johannes Kacza ◽  
Christin Ellenberger ◽  
Vanessa Abs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial Cells ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial ◽  
Air Liquid Interface

scholarly journals Disruption of Escherichia coli Amyloid-Integrated Biofilm Formation at the Air–Liquid Interface by a Polysorbate Surfactant

Langmuir ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 920-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Wu ◽  
Ji Youn Lim ◽  
Gerald G. Fuller ◽  
Lynette Cegelski
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Air Liquid Interface

Oxygenation as a driving factor in epithelial differentiation at the air–liquid interface

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Sonya Kouthouridis ◽  
Julie Goepp ◽  
Carolina Martini ◽  
Elizabeth Matthes ◽  
John W Hanrahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Submerged Culture ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Epithelial Differentiation ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Submerged Cultures ◽  
Air Liquid Interface ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Culture at the air–liquid interface is broadly accepted as necessary for differentiation of cultured epithelial cells towards an in vivo-like phenotype. However, air–liquid interface cultures are expensive, laborious and challenging to scale for increased throughput applications. Deconstructing the microenvironmental parameters that drive these differentiation processes could circumvent these limitations, and here we hypothesize that reduced oxygenation due to diffusion limitations in liquid media limits differentiation in submerged cultures; and that this phenotype can be rescued by recreating normoxic conditions at the epithelial monolayer, even under submerged conditions. Guided by computational models, hyperoxygenation of atmospheric conditions was applied to manipulate oxygenation at the monolayer surface. The impact of this rescue condition was confirmed by assessing protein expression of hypoxia-sensitive markers. Differentiation of primary human bronchial epithelial cells isolated from healthy patients was then assessed in air–liquid interface, submerged and hyperoxygenated submerged culture conditions. Markers of differentiation, including epithelial layer thickness, tight junction formation, ciliated surface area and functional capacity for mucociliary clearance, were assessed and found to improve significantly in hyperoxygenated submerged cultures, beyond standard air–liquid interface or submerged culture conditions. These results demonstrate that an air–liquid interface is not necessary to produce highly differentiated epithelial structures, and that increased availability of oxygen and nutrient media can be leveraged as important strategies to improve epithelial differentiation for applications in respiratory toxicology and therapeutic development.

scholarly journals Extending an Eco-Evolutionary Understanding of Biofilm-Formation at the Air-Liquid Interface to Community Biofilms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Jerdan ◽  
Olga Iungin ◽  
Olena V. Moshynets ◽  
Geert Potters ◽  
Andrew J. Spiers
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Air Liquid Interface

Magnetic microboats for floating, stiffness tunable, air–liquid interface epithelial cultures

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 2786-2798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Chandrasekaran ◽  
Sonya Kouthouridis ◽  
Wontae Lee ◽  
Nicholas Lin ◽  
Zhenwei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Substrate Stiffness ◽  
Epithelial Cell Cultures ◽  
Epithelial Cultures ◽  
Air Liquid Interface

Magnetically anchored microboats that can reliably and rapidly create air–liquid interface culture conditions in substrate-stiffness tunable epithelial cell cultures.

scholarly journals Involvement of motility and flagella in Bacillus cereus biofilm formation

Microbiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 156 (4) ◽  
pp. 1009-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Houry ◽  
R. Briandet ◽  
S. Aymerich ◽  
M. Gohar
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Flagellar Apparatus ◽  
Flow Cells ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Glass Tubes ◽  
Static Conditions ◽  
Glass Surfaces ◽  
Air Liquid Interface

Bacillus cereus is a food-borne pathogen and a frequent contaminant of food production plants. The persistence of this pathogen in various environments results from the formation of spores and of biofilms. To investigate the role of the B. cereus flagellar apparatus in biofilm formation, we constructed a non-flagellated mutant and a flagellated but non-motile mutant. Unexpectedly, we found that the presence of flagella decreased the adhesion of the bacterium to glass surfaces. We hypothesize that this decrease is a consequence of the flagella hindering a direct interaction between the bacterial cell wall and the surface. In contrast, in specific conditions, motility promotes biofilm formation. Our results suggest that motility could influence biofilm formation by three mechanisms. Motility is necessary for the bacteria to reach surfaces suitable for biofilm formation. In static conditions, reaching the air–liquid interface, where the biofilm forms, is a strong requirement, whereas in flow cells bacteria can have access to the bottom glass slide by sedimentation. Therefore, motility is important for biofilm formation in glass tubes and in microtitre plates, but not in flow cells. Motility also promotes recruitment of planktonic cells within the biofilm by allowing motile bacteria to invade the whole biofilm. Finally, motility is involved in the spreading of the biofilm on glass surfaces.

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation by and Multicellular Behavior of Escherichia coli O55:H7, an Atypical Enteropathogenic Strain

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 1545-1554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Weiss-Muszkat ◽  
Dana Shakh ◽  
Yizhou Zhou ◽  
Riky Pinto ◽  
Eddy Belausov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Wild Type Phenotype ◽  
Enteropathogenic Strain ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Air Liquid Interface ◽  
High Degree

ABSTRACT Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is an important causal agent of diarrheal illness throughout the world. Nevertheless, researchers have only recently begun to explore its capacity to form biofilms. Strain O55:H7 (DMS9) is a clinical isolate belonging to the atypical EPEC (aEPEC) group, which displays a high degree of genetic relatedness to enterohemorrhagic E. coli. Strain DMS9 formed a robust biofilm on an abiotic surface at 26�C, but not at 37�C. It also formed a dense pellicle at the air-liquid interface and developed a red, rough, and dry (RDAR) morphotype on Congo red agar. Unlike a previously described E. coli O157:H7 strain, the aEPEC strain seems to express cellulose. Transposon mutagenesis was used to identify biofilm-deficient mutants. One of the mutants was inactivated in the csgFG genes, required for assembly and secretion of curli fimbriae, while a second mutant had a mutation in crl, a thermosensitive global regulator that modulates σS activity and downstream expression of curli and cellulose. The two mutants were deficient in their biofilm formation capabilities and did not form a pellicle at the air-liquid interface. Unlike in Salmonella, the csgFG mutant in aEPEC completely lost the RDAR phenotype, while the crl mutant displayed a unique RDAR “pizza”-like morphotype. Genetic complementation of the two mutants resulted in restoration of the wild-type phenotype. This report is the first to describe and analyze a multicellular behavior in aEPEC and support a major role for curli and the crl regulator in biofilm development at low temperatures corresponding to the nonmammalian host environment.

scholarly journals Biofilm formation by South African non-O157 Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli on stainless steel coupons

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel W. Bumunang ◽  
Collins N. Ateba ◽  
Kim Stanford ◽  
Tim A. McAllister ◽  
Yan D. Niu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
South African ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Viable Cell ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Air Liquid Interface

This study examined the biofilm-forming ability of six non-O157 Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains: O116:H21, wzx-Onovel5:H19, O129:H21, O129:H23, O26:H11, and O154:H10 on stainless steel coupons after 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation at 22 °C and after 168 h at 10 °C. The results of crystal violet staining revealed that strains O129:H23 and O154:H10 were able to form biofilms on both the submerged surface and the air–liquid interface of coupons, whereas strains O116:H21, wzx-Onovel5:H19, O129:H21, and O26:H11 formed biofilm only at the air–liquid interface. Viable cell counts and scanning electron microscopy showed that biofilm formation increased (p < 0.05) over time. The biofilm-forming ability of non-O157 STEC was strongest (p < 0.05) at 22 °C after 48 h of incubation. The strongest biofilm former regardless of temperature was O129:H23. Generally, at 10 °C, weak to no biofilm was observed for isolates O154:H10, O116:H21, wzx-Onovel5:H19, O26:H11, and O129:H21 after 168 h. This study found that temperature affected the biofilm-forming ability of non-O157 STEC strains. Overall, our data indicate a high potential for biofilm formation by the isolates at 22 °C, suggesting that non-O157 STEC strains could colonize stainless steel within food-processing facilities. This could serve as a potential source of adulteration and promote the dissemination of these potential pathogens in food.

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