scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of Six Vibrio diazotrophicus Strains Isolated from Deep Subsurface Sediments of the Baltic Sea

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Castillo ◽  
Verona Vandieken ◽  
Bert Engelen ◽  
Tim Engelhardt ◽  
Mathias Middelboe

ABSTRACT We present here the draft genome sequences of six Vibrio diazotrophicus strains, which were isolated from deep subseafloor sediments of the Baltic Sea. The genomic sequences contained several virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. These genome sequences provide insights into the genetic composition and evolution of the genus Vibrio in marine environments.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (29) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Karczewska-Golec ◽  
Maja Kochanowska-Łyżen ◽  
Magdalena Bałut ◽  
Arkadiusz Piotrowski ◽  
Piotr Golec ◽  
...  

We present here the draft genome sequence of Paracoccus sp. strain 228, isolated from the Gulf of Gdańsk in the southern part of the Baltic Sea. The assembly contains 4,131,609 bp in 32 scaffolds.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bela Hausmann ◽  
Verona Vandieken ◽  
Petra Pjevac ◽  
Katharina Schreck ◽  
Craig W. Herbold ◽  
...  

Desulfosporosinus fructosivorans strain 63.6FT is a strictly anaerobic, spore-forming, sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from marine sediment in the Baltic Sea. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of D. fructosivorans 63.6FT.


Significance The emergence of Russian A2/AD zones in the High North, the Baltic Sea, the eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea impacts NATO's ability to operate in key regions of interest to the alliance, and could threaten NATO's ability to reinforce its allies in a crisis or during wartime. Impacts Russian A2/AD will drive NATO requirements for specific capabilities, including electronic warfare and stealthier systems. Georgia and Moldova will watch NATO's engagement with its eastern members closely for strong commitments. Covert Russian operations in the Baltic states form a more realistic scenario than overt military intervention.


Significance BALTOPS 16 will be the largest NATO maritime exercise in the Baltic Sea in recent years. The exercise is also held mere weeks before NATO's July 8-9 summit in Warsaw, and therefore serves as a tangible prelude to the alliance's intent to address renewed Russian security challenges in the region. Impacts Improvements in Western missile defence systems will make it more difficult politically to undergo arms control cooperation with Moscow. Poland's military modernisation programme will boost its ability to be a security partner of the Baltic states. Washington is unlikely to approve a permanent US military presence in the Baltic states in the near-to-medium term.


2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli-Pekka Hilmola

Purpose – Purpose of this research is to shed light on the changes caused by shipping sulphur regulation, which will globally take off during years 2015 and 2020. It has significant effects on diesel markets globally, but especially in regions, where demanding 0.1 per cent level is required. One of these regions is the Baltic Sea. It is relatively undealt issue, how this forthcoming change will affect these specific sub-regions of stiff 0.1 per cent sulphur level demand and their transportation modes with different tax obligations. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use second-hand data from various different sources, earlier research as well as simulation to estimate the effects on the diesel markets and transportation prices in the Baltic Sea region. Different transportation modes have diverging taxation treatment on diesel oil use, which complicates analysis further. Findings – Based on research findings, it is rather probable that diesel markets for sulphur-free diesel oil shall face price spike in the beginning of 2015 in the Baltic Sea region. This is mostly explained with needed large-scale scrubber investment and short-time span to complete these (there are both technical and financial challenges). Therefore, numerous ships shall enter sulphur-free diesel oil market. Based on the simulation study, freight transportation will mostly be hurt in shipping, whereas road and rail shall face smaller price increases. Results are mostly explained with taxation treatment, where shipping is still using tax-free diesel oil, and no fixed taxes are hedging this transportation mode from sudden price changes. Research limitations/implications – Analysis concerns only Baltic Sea region, and effects and changes in the entire Europe from sulphur regulation change in 2015 are unknown. This would mean to extent study to North Sea. In addition, taxation system harmonization is not yet complete in Europe, and differences exist between member states. Research work was completed with diesel oil tax treatment regarding different transportation modes in Finland. Practical implications – Based on this study, short sea shipping will be hurt by regulation change in 2015. However, in the future, this transportation mode shall face additional cost increases, as most probably, tax harmonization in diesel markets shall lead to fixed taxes added on shipping diesel. So, transportation mode shall face difficult and challenging times ahead. Originality/value – Research is seminal study from possible sulphur regulation change implications in transportation mode level. It takes into account taxation treatment, cost share of diesel in transportation mode level and possible diesel price change. Until today, no other study exists in this detailed level.


2011 ◽  
Vol 193 (14) ◽  
pp. 3691-3692 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Fan ◽  
Y. Liu ◽  
Z. Li ◽  
H. I. Baumann ◽  
K. Kleinschmidt ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela B. Muñoz ◽  
Johanna Stepanian ◽  
Carmen Acosta ◽  
Juan S. Solano-Gutierrez ◽  
Filipa F. Vale ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Here, we present the draft genome sequences of 29 Colombian Helicobacter pylori strains. These strains were isolated in Bogotá, Colombia, from patients diagnosed with chronic gastritis. The genomic characterization of these strains will provide more information on the genetic composition of H. pylori strains from Colombia.


Significance The Baltic Sea and its airspace brings NATO and Russian forces into direct contact, and frictions have increased since 2014, with a series of dangerously close encounters between aircraft and vessels. NATO wishes to reassure member states and bolster defence and deterrence in the Baltic region. Russia argues that it is being encircled and is developing a network of anti-access/area-denial (A2/AD) weapons systems to deter NATO maritime and air forces during a crisis or war. Impacts Aggressive Russian tactics will not stop NATO naval and air forces operating in international waters and in the Baltic states. NATO exercises are likely to intensify, with a special emphasis on long-range strike, anti-submarine and electronic warfare. Amphibious landings to reinforce the Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian armies will be tested. NATO members and partners will consider acquiring submarines, sea-based air defence systems and anti-submarine capabilities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna M. Schmidt ◽  
Taylor M. Royalty ◽  
Karen G. Lloyd ◽  
Andrew D. Steen

Heterotrophic microorganisms in marine sediments produce extracellular enzymes to hydrolyze organic macromolecules, so their products can be transported inside the cell and used for energy and growth. Therefore, extracellular enzymes may mediate the fate of organic carbon in sediments. The Baltic Sea Basin is a primarily depositional environment with high potential for organic matter preservation. The potential activities of multiple organic carbon-degrading enzymes were measured in samples obtained by the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 347 from the Little Belt Strait, Denmark, core M0059C. Potential maximum hydrolysis rates (Vmax) were measured at depths down to 77.9mbsf for the following enzymes: alkaline phosphatase, β-d-xylosidase, β-d-cellobiohydrolase, N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, β-glucosidase, α-glucosidase, leucyl aminopeptidase, arginyl aminopeptidase, prolyl aminopeptidase, gingipain, and clostripain. Extracellular peptidase activities were detectable at depths shallower than 54.95mbsf, and alkaline phosphatase activity was detectable throughout the core, albeit against a relatively high activity in autoclaved sediments. β-glucosidase activities were detected above 30mbsf; however, activities of other glycosyl hydrolases (β-xylosidase, β-cellobiohydrolase, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, and α-glucosidase) were generally indistinguishable from zero at all depths. These extracellular enzymes appear to be extremely stable: Among all enzymes, a median of 51.3% of enzyme activity was retained after autoclaving for an hour. We show that enzyme turnover times scale with the inverse of community metabolic rates, such that enzyme lifetimes in subsurface sediments, in which metabolic rates are very slow, are likely to be extraordinarily long. A back-of-the-envelope calculation suggests enzyme lifetimes are, at minimum, on the order of 230days, and may be substantially longer. These results lend empirical support to the hypothesis that a population of subsurface microbes persist by using extracellular enzymes to slowly metabolize old, highly degraded organic carbon.


2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro J. Cabello-Yeves ◽  
Tamara I. Zemskaya ◽  
Riccardo Rosselli ◽  
Felipe H. Coutinho ◽  
Alexandra S. Zakharenko ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT We present a metagenomic study of Lake Baikal (East Siberia). Two samples obtained from the water column under the ice cover (5 and 20 m deep) in March 2016 have been deep sequenced and the reads assembled to generate metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) that are representative of the microbes living in this special environment. Compared with freshwater bodies studied around the world, Lake Baikal had an unusually high fraction of Verrucomicrobia. Other groups, such as Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, were in proportions similar to those found in other lakes. The genomes (and probably cells) tended to be small, presumably reflecting the extremely oligotrophic and cold prevalent conditions. Baikal microbes are novel lineages recruiting very little from other water bodies and are distantly related to other freshwater microbes. Despite their novelty, they showed the closest relationship to genomes discovered by similar approaches from other freshwater lakes and reservoirs. Some of them were particularly similar to MAGs from the Baltic Sea, which, although it is brackish, connected to the ocean, and much more eutrophic, has similar climatological conditions. Many of the microbes contained rhodopsin genes, indicating that, in spite of the decreased light penetration allowed by the thick ice/snow cover, photoheterotrophy could be widespread in the water column, either because enough light penetrates or because the microbes are already adapted to the summer ice-less conditions. We have found a freshwater SAR11 subtype I/II representative showing striking synteny with Pelagibacter ubique strains, as well as a phage infecting the widespread freshwater bacterium Polynucleobacter. IMPORTANCE Despite the increasing number of metagenomic studies on different freshwater bodies, there is still a missing component in oligotrophic cold lakes suffering from long seasonal frozen cycles. Here, we describe microbial genomes from metagenomic assemblies that appear in the upper water column of Lake Baikal, the largest and deepest freshwater body on Earth. This lake is frozen from January to May, which generates conditions that include an inverted temperature gradient (colder up), decrease in light penetration due to ice, and, especially, snow cover, and oligotrophic conditions more similar to the open-ocean and high-altitude lakes than to other freshwater or brackish systems. As could be expected, most reconstructed genomes are novel lineages distantly related to others in cold environments, like the Baltic Sea and other freshwater lakes. Among them, there was a broad set of streamlined microbes with small genomes/intergenic spacers, including a new nonmarine Pelagibacter-like (subtype I/II) genome.


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