scholarly journals White Spot Syndrome Virus Open Reading Frame 222 Encodes a Viral E3 Ligase and Mediates Degradation of a Host Tumor Suppressor via Ubiquitination

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 3884-3892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang He ◽  
Beau J. Fenner ◽  
Andrew K. Godwin ◽  
Jimmy Kwang
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cell Line ◽  
E3 Ligase ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Syndrome

ABSTRACT We have characterized a white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) RING-H2-type protein, WSSV222, which is involved in ubiquitination. WSSV222 exhibits RING-H2-dependent E3 ligase activity in vitro in the presence of the specific conjugating enzyme UbcH6. Mutations in the RING-H2 domain abolished WSSV222-dependent ubiquitination, revealing the importance of this domain in WSSV222 function. Yeast two-hybrid and pull-down analyses revealed that WSSV222 interacts with a shrimp tumor suppressor-like protein (TSL) sharing 60% identity with human OVCA1. To better characterize the interaction of WSSV222 and TSL in vivo, we established a stable TSL-expressing cell line derived from the human ovarian cancer cell line A2780, where we observed a TSL-dependent prolonged G1 phase. Furthermore, we detected WSSV222-mediated ubiquitination and MG132-sensitive degradation of TSL both in shrimp primary cell culture and in the TSL-expressing cell line. Transient expression of TSL in BHK cells leads to apoptosis, which was rescued by WSSV222. Taken together, our data suggest that WSSV222 acts as an antiapoptosis protein by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of TSL to ensure successful WSSV replication in shrimp.

scholarly journals A gC1qR Prevents White Spot Syndrome Virus Replication in the Freshwater Crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (20) ◽  
pp. 10844-10851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apiruck Watthanasurorot ◽  
Pikul Jiravanichpaisal ◽  
Irene Söderhäll ◽  
Kenneth Söderhäll
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Pacifastacus Leniusculus ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish ◽  
White Spot Syndrome

ABSTRACT The gC1qR/p32 protein is a multiple receptor for several proteins and pathogens. We cloned a gC1qR homologue in a crustacean, Pacifastacus leniusculus, and analyzed the expression of P. leniusculus C1qR (PlgC1qR) in various tissues. The gC1qR/p32 transcript was significantly enhanced by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection 6 h after viral infection both in vitro in a hematopoietic tissue cell culture (Hpt) and in vivo compared to appropriate controls. Moreover, PlgC1qR silencing in both the Hpt cell culture and live crayfish enhanced the WSSV replication. In addition, by making a recombinant PlgC1qR protein we could show that if this recombinant protein was injected in a crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus, followed by injection of WSSV, this significantly reduced viral replication in vivo. Furthermore, if the recombinant PlgC1qR was incubated with Hpt cells and then WSSV was added, this also reduced viral replication. These experiments clearly demonstrate that recombinant PlgC1qR reduce WSSV replication both in vivo and in vitro. The results from a far-Western overlay and glutathione S-transferase pull-down assays showed that PlgC1qR could bind to VP15, VP26, and VP28. Altogether, these results demonstrate a role for PlgC1qR in antiviral activity against WSSV.

scholarly journals The Expression And The Tumor Suppressor Role of CLDN6 In Colon Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huinan Qu ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Miaomiao Wang ◽  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
Chengshi Quan
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Colon Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line

Abstract As a member of the tight junction family, CLDN6 is a tumor suppressor gene in breast cancer, but its role in colon cancer is unknown. In this research, we aimed at revealing the function of CLDN6 in colon cancer. We found that CLDN6 expressed lower in colon cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues and the low expression of CLDN6 was correlated with lymph node metastasis. Similarly, CLDN6 expressed lower in the colon cancer cell line SW1116 compared with the normal human colon epithelial cell line NCM460. Upon CLDN6 overexpression in SW1116 cells, the proliferation of cells was suppressed in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, the migration and invasion abilities of cells were significantly inhibited after CLDN6 overexpression. Furthermore, the TYK2/STAT3 pathway was activated in SW1116/CLDN6 cells, and inhibition of this pathway with AG490 reversed the inhibition of migration and invasion of SW1116 cells by CLDN6. Therefore, our data indicated that CLDN6 acted as a tumor suppressor and had the potential to be regarded as a biomarker for the progression of colon cancer.

scholarly journals Phycoerythrin from Colaconema sp. Has Immunostimulatory Effects on the Whiteleg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and Increases Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus and White Spot Syndrome Virus

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2371
Author(s):  
Po-Tsang Lee ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Chin-Yi Huang ◽  
Zi-Xuan Liu ◽  
Han-Yang Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
White Spot Syndrome ◽  
Whiteleg Shrimp

We investigated whether phycoerythrin (PE), a pigment sourced from marine algae, could act as an immunomodulatory agent in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). To this end, PE was extracted and purified from a PE-rich macroalgae, Colaconema sp. Our in vitro analysis demonstrated that PE enhanced prophenoloxidase and phagocytosis activity but inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species in hemocytes. Additionally, the PE signal could be detected using an in vivo imaging system after its injection into the ventral sinus of the cephalothorax of whiteleg shrimp. The expression profiles of fourteen immune-related genes were monitored in hemocytes from whiteleg shrimp injected with 0.30 μg of PE per gram of body weight, and crustin, lysozyme, penaiedin 4, and anti-lipopolysaccharide factor showed up-regulated post-stimulation. The induction of immune genes and enhancement of innate immune parameters by PE may explain the higher survival rates for shrimp that received different doses of PE prior to being challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus or white spot syndrome virus compared to controls. Combined, these results show that PE from Colaconema sp. can differentially stimulate the immune response of whiteleg shrimp in vitro and in vivo and could potentially be used as an immunomodulator in shrimp culture.

scholarly journals Antilipopolysaccharide Factor Interferes with White Spot Syndrome Virus Replication In Vitro and In Vivo in the Crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (21) ◽  
pp. 10365-10371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haipeng Liu ◽  
Pikul Jiravanichpaisal ◽  
Irene Söderhäll ◽  
Lage Cerenius ◽  
Kenneth Söderhäll
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Pacifastacus Leniusculus ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish ◽  
Hematopoietic Tissue ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
White Spot Syndrome

ABSTRACT In a study of genes expressed differentially in the freshwater crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus infected experimentally with the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), one protein, known as antilipopolysaccharide factor (ALF), was chosen, among those whose transcript levels increased upon viral infection, for further studies. ALF RNA interference (RNAi) experiments in whole animals and in cell cultures indicated that ALF can protect against WSSV infection, since knockdown of ALF by RNAi specifically resulted in higher rates of viral propagation. In a cell culture of hematopoietic tissue (Hpt) from P. leniusculus, quantitative PCR showed that knockdown of ALF by RNAi resulted into WSSV levels that were about 10-fold higher than those treated with control double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). In addition, RNAi experiments with other crayfish genes that had been found to be up-regulated by a WSSV infection did not result in any changes of viral loads. Thus, the cell culture does not respond to dsRNA in a similar manner, as shown earlier for dsRNA injected into shrimp, which gave a higher degree of resistance to WSSV infection. If ALF transcription in whole animals was stimulated by the administration of UV-treated WSSV, a partial protection against a subsequent challenge with the active virus was conferred to the host. This is the first crustacean gene product identified with the capacity to interfere with replication of this important pathogen.

A Novel Triazole Derivative Drug Presenting In Vitro and In Vivo Anticancer Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 1483-1493
Author(s):  
Ricardo Imbroisi Filho ◽  
Daniel T.G. Gonzaga ◽  
Thainá M. Demaria ◽  
João G.B. Leandro ◽  
Dora C.S. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Mcf 7

Background: Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide, despite many different drugs available to treat the disease. This high mortality rate is largely due to the complexity of the disease, which results from several genetic and epigenetic changes. Therefore, researchers are constantly searching for novel drugs that can target different and multiple aspects of cancer. Experimental: After a screening, we selected one novel molecule, out of ninety-four triazole derivatives, that strongly affects the viability and proliferation of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, with minimal effects on non-cancer cells. The drug, named DAN94, induced a dose-dependent decrease in MCF-7 cells viability, with an IC50 of 3.2 ± 0.2 µM. Additionally, DAN94 interfered with mitochondria metabolism promoting reactive oxygen species production, triggering apoptosis and arresting the cancer cells on G1/G0 phase of cell cycle, inhibiting cell proliferation. These effects are not observed when the drug was tested in the non-cancer cell line MCF10A. Using a mouse model with xenograft tumor implants, the drug preventing tumor growth presented no toxicity for the animal and without altering biochemical markers of hepatic function. Results and Conclusion: The novel drug DAN94 is selective for cancer cells, targeting the mitochondrial metabolism, which culminates in the cancer cell death. In the end, DAN94 has been shown to be a promising drug for controlling breast cancer with minimal undesirable effects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document