Effects of heavy metals (Cu and Zn) on digestive glycosidases in benthivorous fish of areas of Rybinsk Reservoir differing in anthropogenic loads

A significant flux of heavy metals, among other toxins, reaches the lungs through smoking. This study reports Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn contents in tobacco of 11 brands of cigarette commonly sold in Ethiopia. The heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry after wet digestion of cigarette tobacco using HNO3 and H2O2. The concentration of trace metals in the cigarettes ranged (mean) (μg/g), Cd: 1.3−7.6 (2.48±0.32), Pb: 0.50−12.50 (6.24±2.2), Cu: 2.89−25.35 (13.70±4.12) and Zn: 24.40−62.55 (36.22±7.50) while Ni was not detected in all the eleven brands of cigarettes. Comparable levels of trace metals were obtained in the tobacco of both imported and Ethiopian cigarettes. The average trace metal contents of cigarettes available in Ethiopia were Cd 1.82±0.39, Pb 4.23±0.97, Cu 10.2±3.1 and Zn 28.2±7.8 μg/cigarette and a person who smokes 20 cigarettes per day is estimated to increase his/her daily Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn retention by approximately 0.036, 0.085, 0.204, 0.564 mg/day, respectively. The results indicate that smoking and exposure to cigarette smoke is a serious problem to be taken into account when carrying out epidemiological studies on human exposure to trace metals.

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HEAVY METALS IN WATER, SEDIMENTS AND MARINE FISHES FROM BULGARIAN BLACK SEA

Proceedings of International Conference "Managinag risks to coastal regions and communities in a changinag world" (EMECS'11 - SeaCoasts XXVI) ◽

10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b93d4d78bb6.88545986 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Katya Peycheva ◽

Mona Stancheva ◽

Stanislava Georgieva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Black Sea ◽

Fish Species ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Marine Fishes ◽

Marine Water ◽

Mean Values ◽

Sprattus Sprattus ◽

Cu And Zn

In this study, the ecosystem marine water-sediment-biota was investigated and the pollution was assessed. The concentrations of eight elements were determined in marine water, sediments and four fish species collected from Black Sea (Varna), Bulgaria during 2013. Marine water recorded the highest concentrations of Zn (15-22 μg/L), As (1.1–1.2 μg/L) and Pb (0.7-0.8 μg/L) while Zn (31-52 μg/g), Pb (21-29 μg/g) and Cu (20-34 μg/g) and show the highest concentrations in sediments. Water and sediments showed similar spatial distribution patterns for the highest mean values of the different metals. In the analysed fish species, the highest concentration of the metals Cu and Zn were found in Trachurus Mediterrneus (0.42 mg/kg w.w) and in Sprattus Sprattus (12.7 mg/kg w.w), respectively while the heavy metals As and Hg were found with maximum values in Pseta Maxima (3.99 mg/kg w.w and 0.08 mg/kg w.w respectively). The results from this study were compared with our data for a previous period (2004-2006) and they show decrease in the levels of heavy metal.

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The Effect of Granular Activated Carbon and Biochar on the Availability of Cu and Zn to Hordeum sativum Distichum in Contaminated Soil

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10050841 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 841

Author(s):

Marina Burachevskaya ◽

Saglara Mandzhieva ◽

Tatiana Bauer ◽

Tatiana Minkina ◽

Vishnu Rajput ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Granular Activated Carbon ◽

Total Content ◽

Metal Compounds ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Sorption ◽

Living Organisms ◽

Cu And Zn

The presence of heavy metals in the soil could impose serious problems on soil-plant systems due to the accumulation of heavy metals in plants. Even vital elements such as Cu and Zn have a toxic effect in the case of excessive intake by living organisms. The present work aimed to investigate the content of loosely bound (exchangeable, complexed, and specifically sorbed) compounds of Cu and Zn and their availability to spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum) in contaminated Haplic Chernozem soil under the conditions of a model experiment (five approximate permissible concentrations (APC) and 10 APC of metal). Changes in the bioavailability of the metals upon application of carbon sorbents were observed. An increase in loosely bound metal compounds has been shown under conditions of soil contamination with metals (up to 57% of the total content). The increase in the availability of Cu in the soil was mainly due to the formation of complexed metal forms with organic matter (up to 17%). The availability of Zn was found to be associated with an increase in exchangeable (up to 21%) and specifically sorbed compounds (up to 27%). Granular activated carbon (GAC) and biochar have high sorption properties. A decrease in the content of loosely bound compounds of metals was established, especially in the most mobile forms such as exchangeable and complexed forms. The introduction of sorbents into the soil opened up a new venue for binding heavy metals in situ, eventually leading to a decrease in their bioavailability. The inactivation of Cu and Zn in the soil upon the application of sorbents led to a decrease in metal absorption by spring barley. The highest efficiency of biochar application was established at a dose of 2.5% and 5% in soil contaminations of 5 APC and 10 APC of Cu or Zn. The efficiency of the use of sorbents was more influenced by the dose of application than by the type of sorbent. There was no significant difference between biochar and GAC. Stabilization and inactivation of metals may improve soil fertility and plant growth.

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Research on the stability of heavy metals (Cu, Zn) in excess sludge with the pretreatment of thermal hydrolysis

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2015.537 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 73 (4) ◽

pp. 890-898 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Huimin Wu ◽

Meng Li ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

Chao Sheng

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Chemical Speciation ◽

Stable Form ◽

Thermal Hydrolysis ◽

Excess Sludge ◽

The Stability ◽

Cu And Zn

Thermal hydrolysis (TH) has been used to improve anaerobic digestion performance as well as the stability of heavy metals in sludge. Because the toxicity of heavy metals is closely related to both the concentration and the chemical speciation, more exhaustive studies on speciation distribution are urgently needed. This research aimed to investigate the effects of TH treatment (especially the time and temperature) on the concentration and stability of heavy metals in sludge, and to define the optimal TH conditions. The TH experiment indicated that the content of the stable form of Cu and Zn reached 83% and 47.4%, respectively, with TH at 210°C and 30 min. Compared with the raw sludge, the proportion of Cu and Zn increased by 11.88% and 7.3%, respectively. Results indicated that the heavy metals were combined with sludge in a more stable form with the pretreatment of TH, which improved the stability of heavy metals.

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Assessment of heavy metals in soils of a vineyard region with the use of principal component analysis

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162009000300011 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 361-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gustavo Souza Valladares ◽

Otávio Antônio de Camargo ◽

José Ruy Porto de Carvalho ◽

Alessandra Maria Cia Silva

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Principal Component ◽

Component Analysis ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Metal Concentrations ◽

Zn Content ◽

Heavy Metals In Soils ◽

Cu And Zn

Agricultural management with chemicals may contaminate the soil with heavy metals. The objective of this study was to apply Principal Component Analysis and geoprocessing techniques to identify the origin of the metals Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr and Cd as potential contaminants of agricultural soils. The study was developed in an area of vineyard cultivation in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Soil samples were collected and GPS located under different uses and coverings. The metal concentrations in the soils were determined using the DTPA method. The Cu and Zn content was considered high in most of the samples, and was larger in the areas cultivated with vineyards that had been under the application of fungicides for several decades. The concentrations of Cu and Zn were correlated. The geoprocessing techniques and the Principal Component Analysis confirmed the enrichment of the soil with Cu and Zn because of the use and management of the vineyards with chemicals in the preceding decades.

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Heavy Metals in Water and Sediment: A Case Study of Tembi River

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2014/858720 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Saeed Shanbehzadeh ◽

Marzieh Vahid Dastjerdi ◽

Akbar Hassanzadeh ◽

Toba Kiyanizadeh

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Average Concentration ◽

Agricultural Water ◽

Water And Sediment ◽

The Mean ◽

Mean Concentration ◽

Cu And Zn ◽

Standard Range

This study was carried out to examine heavy metals concentration in water and sediment of upstream and downstream of the entry of the sewage to the Tembi River, Iran. Samples were collected from upstream and downstream and were analyzed for Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results indicated that the average concentration of the metals in water and sediment on downstream was more than that of upstream. The comparison of the mean concentrations of heavy metals in water of the Tembi River with drinking water standards and those in the water used for agriculture suggests that the mean concentration of Cu and Zn lies within the standard range for drinking water and the mean concentration of Mn, Zn, and Pb lies within the standard range of agricultural water. The highest average concentration on downstream for Pb in water and for Mn in sediment was 1.95 and 820.5 ppm, respectively. Also, the lowest average concentration on upstream was identified for Cd in water and sediment 0.07 and 10 ppm, respectively. With regard to the results, it gets clear that using the water for recreational purposes, washing, and fishing is detrimental to human health and the environment.

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Urban soil assessment caused by heavy metals contamination in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/851/1/012026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 851 (1) ◽

pp. 012026

Author(s):

A T Sekarningsih ◽

W Budianta ◽

I W Warmada ◽

H Hinode

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Surface Soil ◽

Pollution Index ◽

Soil Samples ◽

City Center ◽

Urban City ◽

Heavy Metals Contamination ◽

The City ◽

Cu And Zn ◽

Yogyakarta City

Abstract The effect of urbanization and industrialization in the urban city is soil contamination by heavy metals. This study was conducted to assess Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd, in the soil of Yogyakarta city and its surrounding, Indonesia. The assessment was done by analyzing 45 surface soil samples in the study area, divided into three-zone. They are divided based on the distance of each zone to the center of the city. The zone III is located in the outermost of the study area, and zone I is inside the city. The results of the study showed that generally, the highest concentration of metals was located in zone I, which is located near or directly situated in a city center. The result indicated that Pb and Cd had the highest pollution index compared to Cu and Zn. The pollition load indeks (PLI) and geoaccumulation indeks (Igeo) calculations in the whole study area showed that the values demonstrated a moderate class in average. Special attention was needed to be given to the zone I, which has a higher PLI and Igeo index to reduce the source of emission for Pb and Cd.

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Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Traditional Cosmetics Sold in Tunisian Local Markets

International Scholarly Research Notices ◽

10.1155/2016/6296458 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mohamed Anouar Nouioui ◽

Salah Mahjoubi ◽

Asma Ghorbel ◽

Marouen Ben Haj Yahia ◽

Dorra Amira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Health Risk ◽

Atomic Absorption ◽

Good Manufacturing Practice ◽

Potential Threat ◽

Analytical Test ◽

Metal Contents ◽

Cu And Zn

This study was undertaken in order to determine heavy metal contents in twelve (n=12) henna brands and eleven (n=11) kohl products. An analytical test was performed for Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn in henna and kohl products using atomic absorption spectrophotometery. The overall mean concentrations of heavy metals in henna varied between 1.2 and 8.9 μg g−1 for Pb; 0.8 and 18.6 μg g−1 for Cd; 0.5 μg g−1 and 3.3 μg g−1 for Cu; and 3.7 μg g−1 and 90.0 μg g−1 for Zn. As for kohl products, Pb concentrations ranged between 51.1 μg g−1 and 4839.5 μg g−1, Cd concentrations ranged between 1.0 μg g−1 and 158.6 μg g−1, Cu concentrations ranged between 2.5 μg g−1 and 162.5 μg g−1, and Zn concentrations ranged between 0.7 μg g−1 and 185.0 μg g−1. The results of our study revealed that Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn contents in investigated samples were high, making from the prolonged use of such products a potential threat to human health. Therefore, major quality controls are recommended in order to enforce acceptable limits of potential contaminants in cosmetics and good manufacturing practice.

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Cd, Cu and Zn mobility in contaminated sediments from an infiltration basin colonized by wild plants: The case of Phalaris arundinacea and Typha latifolia

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2011.161 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 255-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

M. Saulais ◽

J. P. Bedell ◽

C. Delolme

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Typha Latifolia ◽

Phalaris Arundinacea ◽

Acetate Buffer ◽

Wild Plants ◽

Sediment Layer ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Infiltration Basin ◽

Cu And Zn

Infiltration basins are shallow reservoirs in which stormwater is temporarily collected in order to reduce water volume in downstream networks. The settling of stormwater particles leads to a contaminated sediment layer. Wild plants can colonize these basins and can also play a role on the fate of heavy metals either directly by their uptake or indirectly by modification of physico-chemical characteristics of the sediment and therefore by modification of the mobility of heavy metals. The aim of this study, carried out in a vegetated infiltration basin, is to assess Cd, Cu and Zn mobility in two zones colonized by different species, Phalaris arundinacea and Typha latifolia. The study was carried out using three single chemical extractions: CaCl2 for the exchangeable phase, acetate buffer for the acido-soluble fraction and diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid (DTPA) for the fraction associated to the organic matter. Zn and Cd are mainly associated to carbonated and organic matter phases of the sediment. Moreover, acetate buffer-extractable Zn contents are strongly correlated to carbonates content in the sediment. DTPA-extractable Cu contents are strongly correlated with organic carbon sediment contents. We have also noted that extractable contents were significantly different between both zones whatever the metal.

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