Use of transcranial direct current stimulation in poststroke postural imbalance

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e243212
Author(s):  
Tadayasu Tonomura ◽  
Takeshi Satow ◽  
Yuko Hyuga ◽  
Tatsuya Mima
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Gait Disturbance ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Parietal Area ◽  
Postural Imbalance

Independent gait following stroke is ultimate goal of rehabilitation. Non-invasive neuromodulation achieving it has never been reported. A 74-year-old woman suffered from subarachnoid haemorrhage, followed by hydrocephalus. Both were treated successfully. Even 1 year after the ictus, ambulation was difficult due to truncal instability with lateropulsion mainly to the left side. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was applied to the parietal area (2mA for 20 min/day; anode on left side, cathode on right) for 16 days. The intervention improved her truncal instability and she achieved independent gait. tDCS of the parietal area could be a novel treatment option for gait disturbance due to postural instability following stroke.

scholarly journals Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Improves Pusher Phenomenon

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Takuya Yamaguchi ◽  
Takeshi Satow ◽  
Taro Komuro ◽  
Tatsuya Mima
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Hemispatial Neglect ◽  
Left Hemiparesis ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Remarkable Improvement ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Parietal Area ◽  
The Right

An 83-year-old man suffered from cerebral infarction of the right middle cerebral artery territory. In association with severe left hemiparesis and hemispatial neglect on the left side, he showed severe pusher phenomenon (PP), which made rehabilitation difficult. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was applied to the parietal area (2 mA × 20 min/day; anode on the right and cathode on the left) for 8 days, which resulted in remarkable improvement of PP and caused prolongation of static sitting time. tDCS of the parietal area could be a novel treatment option of PP following stroke.

Prefrontal Cortex Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Treatment in Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (PreCoTTA): Study Protocol for a Double-Blind Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anagha S. Deshmukh ◽  
Samir Kumar Praharaj ◽  
Shweta Rai ◽  
Asha Kamath ◽  
Dinesh Upadhya
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

Background: Alcohol dependence is a significant public health problem, contributing to the global health burden. Due to its immense socio-economic burden, various psychosocial, psychological, and pharmacological approaches have attempted to alter the behaviour of the patient misusing or abusing alcohol, but their efficacy is modest at best. Therefore, there is a search for newer treatment approaches, including noninvasive brain stimulation in the management of alcohol dependence. We plan to study the efficacy of Prefrontal Cortex Transcranial direct current stimulation Treatment in Alcohol dependence syndrome (PreCoTTA). Methods: Two hundred twenty-five male patients with alcohol dependence syndrome will be randomized into the three study arms (2 active, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left orbitofrontal cortex, and 1 sham) to receive a total of 14 tDCS sessions (10 continuous and 4 booster sessions). Data will be collected from them at five different time points on clinical, neuropsychological and biochemical parameters. In addition, 225 healthy age and education matched controls will be administered the neuropsychological test battery at baseline for comparison with the patient group. Discussion: The proposed study aims to explore the use of non-invasive brain stimulation; tDCS as a treatment alternative. We also aim to overcome the methodological gaps of limited sample sizes, fewer tDCS intervention sessions, lack of long term follow ups to measure the sustainability of gains and lack comprehensive measures to track changes in functioning and abstinence after tDCS intervention. The main outcomes include clinical (reduction in cue-induced craving, time to first drink and QFI); neuropsychological (risk-taking, impulsivity, and other neuropsychological domains) and biochemical markers (BDNF, leptin and adiponectin). The findings of the study will have translational value as it may help to improve the clinician’s ability to effectively manage craving in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome. Furthermore, we will have a better understanding of the neuropsychological and biochemical effects of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques which are of interest in the comprehensive treatment of addiction disorders. Trial registration: The study has been registered with the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI/2020/09/027582) on September 03rd 2020.

scholarly journals Shocking the brain to regain motor function : a non-invasive therapy for stroke patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Michael Min Wah Leung
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Interhemispheric Inhibition ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Sensory Deficits ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Brain

Invasive treatments and its associated risks are important factors of concern when the conditions are affecting the nervous system. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive technique that stimulates brain areas through the scalp and has excitatory or inhibitory neuromodulatory effects. In the context of stroke patients, recovery is often impaired from the increased inhibition of the damaged area from the unaffected hemisphere. Fujimoto et al. uses dual-hemisphere transcranial direct current stimulation to address this interhemispheric inhibition and demonstrates that stroke patients were able to periodically restore sensory deficits. 

scholarly journals The Treatment of Orofacial Pain by Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

2019 ◽  
pp. S367-S372
Author(s):  
J. FRICOVÁ ◽  
K. ENGLEROVÁ ◽  
J. NEDVÍDEK ◽  
R. ROKYTA
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Orofacial Pain ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Common Diagnosis

Neurostimulation methods are used in the treatment of chronic pain, although mainly for pharmacology resistant pain. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neurostimulation method using low direct current (0.029-0.08 mA/cm2) applied to a cathode and anode, which directly stimulates the cranial surface. The applied current causes the most significant changes directly under the electrodes: the cathode reduces the excitability of cortical neurons, whereas the anode increases excitability. The effect of stimulation usually lasts a few hours up to a few days. We observed 19 patients with chronic orofacial pain. Inclusion criteria for the study were the following: orofacial pain, stable analgesic medication for at least one week before the beginning of stimulation and during its course, and age 18-75 years old. Patients with severe organic brain damage or seizure disease (epilepsy) were not included. The most common diagnosis was secondary trigeminal neuralgia after dental surgery. We measured thermal and tactile stimulation on the face before and after tDCS, then at 14 days. The total follow-up period lasted six months. We evaluated pain on a numerical scale (0-10) at each follow-up. We used sets of inventories focused on the examination of pain (a short form of McGill inventory), depression, anxiety, and pain interference with daily activities. tDCS is a non-invasive stimulation technique that is affordable and can be easily administered, especially when compared to other neurostimulation techniques. Only 15 patients out of the total number of 19 responded to the questionnaires.

scholarly journals Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex influences perceived pleasantness of food

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C Anderson ◽  
Julie Cantelon ◽  
Amanda Holmes ◽  
Grace Giles ◽  
Tad Brunye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Excitability ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Sham Stimulation ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

The ability to regulate the intake of unhealthy foods is critical in modern, calorie dense food environments. Frontal areas of the brain, such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), are thought to play a central role in cognitive control and emotional regulation. Therefore, increasing activity in the DLPFC may enhance these functions which could improve the ability to reappraise and resist consuming highly palatable but unhealthy foods. One technique for modifying brain activity is transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive technique for modulating neuronal excitability that can influence performance on a range of cognitive tasks. We tested whether tDCS targeting the DLPFC would influence how people perceived highly palatable foods. In the present study, 98 participants were randomly assigned to receive a single session of active tDCS or sham stimulation. While receiving active or sham stimulation, participants viewed images of highly palatable foods and reported how pleasant it would be to eat each food (liking) and how strong their urge was to eat each food (wanting). We found that participants who received active versus sham tDCS stimulation perceived food as less pleasant, but there was no difference in how strong their urge was to eat the foods. Our findings suggest that modulating excitability in the DLPFC influences “liking” but not “wanting” of highly palatable foods. Non-invasive brain stimulation might be a useful technique for influencing the hedonic experience of eating and might have implications for changing food consumption.

scholarly journals High-Density Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS): Hardware Interface

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Diaz ◽  
V. Bansal ◽  
A. Datta ◽  
J. Patel ◽  
M. Bikson
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Electrode System ◽  
High Density ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Hardware Interface ◽  
Electrode Shape

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive procedure where a weak electrical current (260 μA to 2 mA) is applied across the scalp to modulate brain function. tDCS has been applied for therapeutic purposes (e.g., addiction, depression, mood and sleep disorders) as well as cognitive performance enhancement (e.g., memory consolidation, motor learning, language recall). Despite safety and cost advantages, the developments of tDCS therapies have been restricted by spatial targeting concerns using existing two-channel systems. We have developed novel technology for High-Density tDCS (HD-tDCS) that improves spatial focality. Our hardware interface integrates a multichannel stimulating guide with existing two channel tDCS stimulators, and can be configured to target specific brain regions using computational models of current flow and multichannel array accessories. The hardware interface provides real time stimulation quality and safety feedback, and is designed to be MRI and TMS compatible. An electrical “tickle” feature enables skin pre-conditioning to minimize sensation. The full system includes the hardware interface, cable assemblies, head gear, tDCS electrodes, tDCS gel, and electrode adaptors. The head gear allows fixing the electrode adaptors over cortical targets using conventional EEG electrode coordinates. The electrode adaptors “fin” design, tDCS gel composition, and electrode shape are optimized to reduce sensation during direct current stimulation with 2 mA for up to 22 minutes. A five electrode system (4×1-C1), for implementing optimally focal “4×1 ring configuration” protocols, and an 8 electrode system (4×4-S1), that can be configured for “4×4 cortical strip stimulation”, are available. The entire system is robust, intuitive, and ultimately adaptable for home use. Our HD-tDCS system allows non-invasive, safe, and targeted modulation of selected cortical structures for electrotherapies that are individualized as well as optimized for a range of therapeutic applications.

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