scholarly journals Patients’ perspectives on social and goal-based comparisons regarding their diabetes health status

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000488 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Martinez ◽  
Kenneth A Wallston ◽  
David G Schlundt ◽  
Gerald B Hickson ◽  
Kemberlee R Bonnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Doctor's Office ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Comparison Information

ObjectiveSocial comparisons (ie, self-evaluation in comparison with others) influence patients’ perspectives of their disease and may impact motivation and health behavior; however, little is known about patients’ perspectives toward receiving such information in a clinical context (eg, from their doctor’s office or health system). This study aims to understand patients’ perspectives and anticipated responses to receiving social comparison information regarding measures of their diabetes-related health status (eg, A1C) and how receiving such information would compare with goal-based comparisons (ie, self-evaluation in comparison with goal).Research design and methodsWe conducted semistructured interviews with 25 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) regarding social and goal-based comparisons involving their diabetes health status and qualitatively analyzed interviews for themes.ResultsWe identified seven major themes: self-relevance, motivation, self-concept, emotions, information seeking, medical care, and self-care. Participants commonly anticipated increased motivation and improved health behaviors in response to both social and goal-based comparisons. Subthemes unique to social comparisons included belief that this information would be motivating by engaging some patients’ competitiveness, perception that this information was more ‘personalized’ than comparisons with a standard goal (eg, A1C<7), and desire to learn from individuals similar to oneself who were doing better.ConclusionsOur findings provide significant insights into the anticipated response of patients with T2DM to receiving social and goal-based comparison information regarding their diabetes health status. Providing patients with diabetes with social and goal-based comparison information may affect motivation, mood, and self-concept in ways that may improve or sustain diabetes self-care behaviors for some patients.

scholarly journals Insights into self-care behavior of patients with diabetes: Support using a computerized self-evaluation system

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiko Waki ◽  
Yasuko Shimizu ◽  
Natsuko Seto ◽  
Mayumi Sugahara ◽  
Yoshiko Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Care Behavior

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Self-Care Behavior Levels among Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Quantile Regression Approach

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim ◽  
Lee
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Diabetes Distress ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background and objectives: Identifying factors that affect self-care according to low, middle, and high self-care levels among elderly patients with diabetes is the best way to prevent various life-threatening complications, and this can be accomplished by using an individualized approach to improve self-care. A quantile regression model is beneficial for estimating such factors because it allows the consideration of the entire conditional distribution of a dependent variable as it relates to independent variables. The objective of this study was to identify factors that affect self-care among elderly patients with diabetes using quantile regression. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey of elderly patients with diabetes was conducted using the Self-Care Scale and six other related scales at three medical health centers in South Korea. Results: In the 10% quantile, the factors affecting self-care were age, smoking within the past six months, being educated about diabetes, depression, knowledge related to diabetes, self-efficacy, diabetes distress, and family support. Additional factors were as follows: age, smoking within the past six months, self-efficacy, and diabetes distress in the 25% quantile; age, self-efficacy, perceived health status, and diabetes distress in the 50% quantile; age, self-efficacy, perceived health status, and diabetes distress in the 75% quantile; and self-efficacy and perceived health status in the 90% quantile. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, suggestions include providing education for sub-groups incapable of self-care, teaching stress management strategies, and increasing family support. In addition, for individuals capable of self-care, simplified programs that consist of self-efficacy improvement and stress control strategies are necessary.

scholarly journals Associations Between Immigration-Related User Factors and eHealth Activities for Self-Care: Case of First-Generation Immigrants From Pakistan in the Oslo Area, Norway

10.2196/11998 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. e11998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoe Tatara ◽  
Hugo Lewi Hammer ◽  
Jelena Mirkovic ◽  
Marte Karoline Råberg Kjøllesdal ◽  
Hege Kristin Andreassen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Network Services ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
First Generation Immigrants ◽  
Social Network Services

Background Immigrant populations are often disproportionally affected by chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Use of information and communication technology (ICT) is one promising approach for better self-care of T2DM to mitigate the social health inequalities, if designed for a wider population. However, knowledge is scarce about immigrant populations’ diverse electronic health (eHealth) activities for self-care, especially in European countries. Objective With a target group of first-generation immigrants from Pakistan in the Oslo area, Norway, we aimed to understand their diverse eHealth activities for T2DM self-care in relation to immigration-related user factors specific to this target group: proficiency in relevant languages (Urdu, Norwegian, English), length of residence in Norway, and diagnosis of T2DM compared with general user factors (age, gender, education and digital skills, and self-rated health status). Methods Data were from a survey among the target population (N=176) conducted in 2015-2016. Using logistic regression, we analyzed associations between user factors and experiences of each of the following eHealth activities for T2DM self-care in the last 12 months: first, information seeking by (1) search engines and (2) Web portals or email subscriptions; second, communication and consultation (1) by closed conversation with a few acquaintances using ICT and (2) on social network services; and third, active decision making by using apps for (1) tracking health information and (2) self-assessment of health status. Using Poisson regression, we also assessed the relationship between user factors and variety of eHealth activities experienced. The Bonferroni correction was used to address the multiple testing problem. Results Regression analyses yielded the following significantly positive associations: between Urdu literacy and (1) information seeking by Web portals or email subscriptions (odds ratio [OR] 2.155, 95% CI 1.388-3.344), (2) communication and consultation on social network services (OR 5.697, 95% CI 2.487-13.053), and (3) variety (estimate=0.350, 95% CI 0.148-0.552); between length of residence in Norway and (1) communication and consultation by closed conversation with a few acquaintances using ICT (OR 1.728, 95% CI 1.193-2.503), (2) communication and consultation on social network services (OR 2.098, 95% CI 1.265-3.480), and (3) variety (estimate=0.270, 95% CI 0.117-0.424); between Norwegian language proficiency and active decision making by using apps for self-assessment of health status (OR 2.285, 95% CI 1.294-4.036); between education and digital skills and active decision making by using apps for tracking health information (OR 3.930, 95% CI 1.627-9.492); and between being a female and communication and consultation by closed conversation with a few acquaintances using ICT (OR 2.883, 95% CI 1.335-6.227). Conclusions This study implies immigration-related factors may confound associations between general user factors and eHealth activities. Further studies are needed to explore the influence of immigration-related user factors for eHealth activities in other immigrant groups and countries. International Registered Report RR2-DOI 10.2196/resprot.5468

Self-Care in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 598-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Barbosa da Rocha ◽  
Cristiano Sales Silva ◽  
Vinícius Saura Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: Self-care is essential for the prevention of complications in patients with diabetes, but several authors report that even with health education programs, the incidence of complications in patients with diabetes continues to increase. Objective: We aimed to examine adherence to self-care strategies and the repercussions of adherence on the clinical profiles of individuals with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We performed a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched for related studies in 4 databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature (LILACS). We included observational studies in English and Portuguese that evaluated the effects of selfcare in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Results: The search resulted in the identification of 615 articles, of which 34 met all the inclusion criteria. General self-care was considered unsatisfactory. Physical exercise was classified as the self-care activity that was performed less frequently by individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus; adherence to medication was the most frequent behavior among volunteers. Conclusion: The studies indicated poor adherence of the population to good self-care practices, reflected by the increase in complications related to DM.

scholarly journals Adolescents self-concept in the context of risk behaviour and self-care

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
Vladimír Lichner ◽  
Františka Petriková ◽  
Eva Žiaková
Keyword(s):  
Self Care ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Self Concept

scholarly journals Lack of association between either outpatient or inpatient glycemic control and COVID-19 illness severity or mortality in patients with diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e002203
Author(s):  
Paras B Mehta ◽  
Michael A Kohn ◽  
Suneil K Koliwad ◽  
Robert J Rushakoff
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Illness Severity ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Insulin Use ◽  
Average Glucose ◽  
Ventilator Requirement

IntroductionTo evaluate whether outpatient insulin treatment, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), glucose on admission, or glycemic control during hospitalization is associated with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) illness severity or mortality in hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in a geographical region with low COVID-19 prevalence.Research design and methodsA single-center retrospective study of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from January 1 through August 31, 2020 to evaluate whether outpatient insulin use, HbA1c, glucose on admission, or average glucose during admission was associated with intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation (ventilator) requirement, or mortality.ResultsAmong 111 patients with DM, 48 (43.2%) were on outpatient insulin and the average HbA1c was 8.1% (65 mmol/mol). The average glucose on admission was 187.0±102.94 mg/dL and the average glucose during hospitalization was 173.4±39.8 mg/dL. Use of outpatient insulin, level of HbA1c, glucose on admission, or average glucose during hospitalization was not associated with ICU admission, ventilator requirement, or mortality among patients with COVID-19 and DM.ConclusionsOur findings in a region with relatively low COVID-19 prevalence suggest that neither outpatient glycemic control, glucose on admission, or inpatient glycemic control is predictive of illness severity or mortality in patients with DM hospitalized with COVID-19.

Who’s more generous than me? Children’s self-evaluation of their prosociality in normative social comparisons

2021 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 104996
Author(s):  
Bar Levy ◽  
Hagit Sabato ◽  
Yoella Bereby-Meyer ◽  
Tehila Kogut
Keyword(s):  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Self Evaluation

Can Grades Move the Big Fish? The Consequences of Receiving Report Cards for Frame-of-Reference Effects on Academic Self-Concept

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Fleischmann ◽  
Nicolas Hübner ◽  
Herbert Marsh ◽  
Ulrich Trautwein ◽  
Benjamin Nagengast
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Report Cards ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
School Students ◽  
Relative Class ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Ranking Information

Equally able students have lower academic self-concepts in high-achieving classes—a phenomenon known as the big fish little pond effect (BFLPE). School grades have been speculated to contribute to the BFLPE as they provide relative class ranking information and increase competition. However, empirical evidence for this assumption is not conclusive as it stems from correlational studies. Our sample comprised 9,104 Swedish elementary school students from the 1970s, a time period in which Swedish municipalities were free to decide to abolish grading. We found the frame-of-reference effect not to differ between nongraded and graded students. In line with the evolutionary basis of the BFLPE, these results suggest that students engage in social comparisons independent of whether or not they are graded.

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