scholarly journals Undernutrition, obesity and governance: a unified framework for upholding the right to food

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (Suppl 4) ◽  
pp. e000886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse B Bump
Keyword(s):  
Operational Definition ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Right To Food ◽  
The Social ◽  
General Functioning ◽  
National Power ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Very High

This paper addresses the need for conceptual and analytic clarity on nutrition governance, an essential underpinning of more effective approaches for undernutrition, the ‘single greatest constraint to global development' and obesity, which already accounts for 4% of the world’s disease burden and is growing rapidly.The governance of nutrition, which is essential to designing and implementing policies to realise the right to food, is among the most important and most defining duties of society. But research and action on nutrition governance are hampered by the absence of conceptual rigour, even as the continuing very high burden of undernutrition and the rapid rise in obesity highlight the need for such structures. The breadth of nutrition itself suggests that governance is both needed and sure to be complicated.This analysis explores the reasons attention has come to governance in development policy making, and why it has focused on nutrition governance in particular. It then assesses how the concept of nutrition governance has been used, finding that it has become increasingly prominent in scholarship on poor nutritional outcomes, but remains weakly specified and is invoked by different authors to mean different things. Undernutrition analysts have stressed coordination problems and structural issues related to the general functioning of government. Those studying obesity have emphasised international trade policies, regulatory issues and corporate behaviour.This paper argues that the lack of a clear, operational definition of governance is a serious obstacle to conceptualising and solving major problems in nutrition. To address this need, it develops a unified definition of nutrition governance consisting of three principles: accountability, participation and responsiveness. These are justified with reference to the social contract that defines modern nations and identifies citizens as the ultimate source of national power and legitimacy. A unified framework is then employed to explore solutions to nutrition governance problems.

Theories of the food insecurity ‘problem’ and the right to food ‘solution’

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Lambie-Mumford
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Acceptability ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Right To Food ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sufficient Food

Chapter 3 sets out the key theories with which the book engages: food insecurity and the human right to food. Following on from a conceptualisation and definition of food insecurity, the right to food is introduced. Emphasis is placed on normative element of ‘adequacy and sustainability of food availability and access’ and on the state’s obligation to ‘respect, protect and fulfil the right to food’. Theories of ‘othering’ and ‘agency’ are employed to assess the social acceptability of emergency food systems as a means of acquiring food, and the power of providers to make sufficient food available through these systems and of potential recipients to access it. Theories of ‘care’ and ‘social protection’ are employed to explore the ways in which charitable providers are in practice taking responsibility for the duty to respect, protect and fulfil the right to food and how shifts in welfare policy are affecting need for this provision.

Criminal and legal characteristics of criminal intent

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Veresha
Keyword(s):  
Mental Image ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Social ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Criminal Intent ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Subjective Aspect ◽  
Causes Of Crime ◽  
The Right

Purpose This paper aims to consider the problems related to criminal legal characteristics of the crime objective and to analyze specific features of the crime objective as the subjective aspect of crime. Design/methodology/approach Research methodology used in studying the criminal legal characteristics of the crime objective was based on the dialectical method of scientific cognition of the social and legal phenomena, its laws and categories. The author used general scientific research methods, systematic, historical, logical and functional, and observation, analysis, comparison and the empirical sociological method. Findings Definition of the crime objective as one of the subjective aspects related to the socially dangerous act will be helpful to detect the real causes of crime and to apply the right type and term of punishment. The crime objective should be understood as the important, well-defined features of conscious mental image of the future desired result, which determines the orientation and order of various actions aimed at crime commitment. Originality/value The paper substantiated the need to determine crime objective as one of the signs of the subjective aspect of crime. This will reveal the real causes of crime and apply the right type and term of punishment. It was established that the crime objective was a psychological phenomenon, and the question of its analysis and study had to be settled with regard to psychology and criminology, which will influence its cognition. The paper provided a definition of crime objective. Based on a scientific approach to the theoretical definition of the objective in the criminal law and the place in the subjective aspect of crime, the author presumed that crime objective had to be regarded as an optional feature of the subjective aspect of crime.

scholarly journals Writers as Leaders of Nation: Typological Convergence of I. Franko and P. Kulish

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
Yevhen Nakhlik
Keyword(s):  
State Building ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

The article draws a parallel between P. Kulish’s and I. Franko’s disposition to the age-related ideological autorevision. It is argued that, experiencing evolution of the worldview and creative work, revising his own early radical social impulses caused by the ‘national radical stage’ (Franko’s definition) of liberation movement in Halychyna, mature Franko in 1896 – 1907 got closer to the views of P. Kulish, especially those of the late period of his life (1874 – 1897). Like the latter, Franko defended the right to worldview evolution and changing views. These typological coincidences consisted also in the movement from the center-left forces to the right-centered ones; the transition to the primacy of the national idea over the social one; the drastic national self-criticism and simultaneous emphasis on the nation-building and state-building; gradual reorientation from the idea of social revolutionary development of society to evolutionary progress and moderate “means and ways of acting and speaking” (as Franko called it); the warnings against admiring communist illusion, against ochlocracy; and, finally, in the focus on the leading role of the nationally conscious Ukrainian intellectuals in the liberation struggle. Ideological and formal parallels between Franko and Kulish were revealed not only in the letters and journalism, but also in Franko’s practice of grounding his works on the materials of the national, biblical and Christian history and mythology (i. e. literary historicism and mythologism, focused on the present, the future and the author’s personality; symbolic autobiography). From this point of view it is worth to compare:  “Pisnia Budushchyny” (“Song of Future”) – “Try Braty” (“Three Brothers”); “Pokhoron” (“Funeral”), “Ivan Vyshenskyi” – “Velyki Provody” (“Great Farewell Procession”), “Marusia Bohuslavka”, “Dramovana Trylohiia” (“Drama-like Trilogy”); “Moisei” (“Moses”) – “Mahomet i Khadyza” (“Muhammad and Hadiza”), “Duma-Perestoroha, Velmy na Potomni Chasy Potribna” (“Warning Refl ections that will be Needed in Future”); “Strashnyi Sud” (“The Last Judgement”) – “Kulish u Pekli” (“Kulish in Hell”); “Slavianska Oda” (“Slavic Ode”) – “Tsarski Slova” (“Royal Words”).

scholarly journals Some social values driven from verses about believer's characteristics, and the educational applications of these values: بعض القيم الاجتماعية المستنبطة من آيات صفات المؤمنين وتطبيقاتها التربوية

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawan Mansour Bakhit Al-Qathami
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Social Values ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Educational Applications ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

This research aims at investigating some social values at Surat Almu'mnoon at the Holy Qura'n, as well as the effects of these values and their educational applications. The descriptive and the deductive methods are used in this research, The research deals with the definition of the believers, the social values, and some verses of the characteristics of believers and the social values included in them, in addition to the effects of these values and their educational applications. The most important findings of the research are: the promotion of virtue and prevention of vice include an inclusive meaning, which is the call for all what Allah loves and approves from the imposed right deeds which are acquaintance with people. Moreover, prevention of vice, taboos and things that contradict the right common sense. The values of for the promotion of virtue and prevention of vice are basics of the fundamentals of religion and are bulwarks for the believers that keep the people away from the temptations and the evil of sins and vice.

The Definition of the Right to Food in International Law

2011 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Jean Ziegler ◽  
Christophe Golay ◽  
Claire Mahon ◽  
Sally-Anne Way
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Right To Food ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

Rights-Based Approach to Food and Nutrition Security in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 309-322
Author(s):  
Clementina Oluwafunke Ajayi ◽  
Kemisola O. Adenegan
Keyword(s):  
Right To Food ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Voluntary Guidelines

This chapter focuses on the need for a rights-based approach to food and nutrition security in Nigeria. The topic is introduced with the definition of basic terms used throughout the chapter. The objectives of this chapter are to create awareness of the need to adopt a rights-based approach to food and nutrition security and help define the context of the right to food in Nigeria. The rest of the chapter sets out the roles of right holders, duty bearers, and accountable agents in food and nutrition security. It highlights their rights, obligations, and responsibilities, as well as voluntary guidelines and implications for a rights-based approach to food. The chapter also reviews policies that have been developed toward ensuring a right to food in Nigeria.

Modern Ethical and Societal Implications of Nanotechnology

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Aishwarya S Patil ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Automotive Electronics ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Proper Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Societal Implications Of Nanotechnology

Advancement in nanotechnology in multidisciplinary areas of health, cosmetics, automotive, electronics, food and agriculture is established. The researchers started to study and debate the social and ethical aspects in terms of benefits and risks. The study of nanotechnology starts with the proper definition of its purpose and its scope. Since nanotechnology is at an emerging stage, the study of ethics is needed and society revolving around this technology has to grow. This study will help the growth and future predictions about nanotechnology and its implications which can then be communicated to a wider audience which will build confidence and will give them the right to choose. Acceptance of advanced technology by society is the very first milestone for a longer run.

Secularism as a Double-Edged Sword? State Regulation of Religion in Turkey

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haldun Gülalp
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
European Convention ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Diverse Society ◽  
Political Principle ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

Briefly defined, secularism is a political principle that aims to guarantee citizens the right to freedom of ‘conscience and religion’, as spelled out in international human rights documents (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 18; European Convention on Human Rights, Article 9). Although only implicit in these documents, this right also includes freedom from religion. Secularism, then, entails the existence of a political space separate from and independent of religions for the purpose of negotiating common issues and areas of concern, so that the social and political needs of all religious and irreligious members of society may be met. This is a normative definition of a principle designed to maintain and promote peace in a diverse society. A variety of institutional arrangements may protect this principle. Within Europe alone we see several different models, as we do in other parts of the world (Madeley and Enyedi 2003; Bhargava 2005). Alongside this definition there is also another one, in which secularism indicates religion’s subordination to the temporal power of the state.

Not All Human Rights Have Norms

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-82
Author(s):  
Michelle Jurkovich
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Right To Food ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right

This chapter builds on the insight of the international anti-hunger advocacy that does not fit the expectations of dominant models. It explains how it is possible that the behavior of international anti-hunger advocacy varies from the expectations of the human rights and advocacy literatures. It also evaluates the normative environment in which international anti-hunger advocates work. The chapter argues that there is no norm around hunger or the right to food among top international anti-hunger organizations and theorizes an advocacy in issue areas that lack a norm. It provides additional conceptual tools to make sense of the social and moral environments in which activists are working, articulating the distinction between norms, moral principles, and supererogatory standards.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Lambie-Mumford
Keyword(s):  
Human Right ◽  
Right To Food ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Political Role ◽  
The Third ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Food Provision ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Right

Chapter 8 focuses on the consequences of the rise of emergency food provision for the progressive realisation of the human right to food in the UK. The chapter discusses the opportunities that the right to food approach provides and its appropriateness in the current context and sets out three key conclusions. The first is that there is a need to challenge minimalist approaches to the definition of food insecurity, ways in which responses are framed and solutions understood. The second conclusion relates to the importance of rights-based policies to move us forward from the current situation, where the findings suggest there is an increasing reliance on emergency food provision in the context of a retrenched welfare state. The third conclusion relates to the important social and political role emergency food charities could have in the realisation of the right to food. The conclusion chapter ends with recommendations for a range of stakeholders including emergency food charities, policy makers, NGOs, the food industry, communities and individuals and researchers.

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