scholarly journals Defining global health: findings from a systematic review and thematic analysis of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. e005292
Author(s):  
Melissa Salm ◽  
Mahima Ali ◽  
Mairead Minihane ◽  
Patricia Conrad
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Common Definition ◽  
Multiple Meanings ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Historical Antecedents

IntroductionDebate around a common definition of global health has seen extensive scholarly interest within the last two decades; however, consensus around a precise definition remains elusive. The objective of this study was to systematically review definitions of global health in the literature and offer grounded theoretical insights into what might be seen as relevant for establishing a common definition of global health.MethodA systematic review was conducted with qualitative synthesis of findings using peer-reviewed literature from key databases. Publications were identified by the keywords of ‘global health’ and ‘define’ or ‘definition’ or ‘defining’. Coding methods were used for qualitative analysis to identify recurring themes in definitions of global health published between 2009 and 2019.ResultsThe search resulted in 1363 publications, of which 78 were included. Qualitative analysis of the data generated four theoretical categories and associated subthemes delineating key aspects of global health. These included: (1) global health is a multiplex approach to worldwide health improvement taught and pursued at research institutions; (2) global health is an ethically oriented initiative that is guided by justice principles; (3) global health is a mode of governance that yields influence through problem identification, political decision-making, as well as the allocation and exchange of resources across borders and (4) global health is a vague yet versatile concept with multiple meanings, historical antecedents and an emergent future.ConclusionExtant definitions of global health can be categorised thematically to designate areas of importance for stakeholders and to organise future debates on its definition. Future contributions to this debate may consider shifting from questioning the abstract ‘what’ of global health towards more pragmatic and reflexive questions about ‘who’ defines global health and towards what ends.

scholarly journals Protocol for a systematic review and qualitative synthesis of information quality frameworks in eHealth

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e024722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayode Philip Fadahunsi ◽  
James Tosin Akinlua ◽  
Siobhan O’Connor ◽  
Petra A Wark ◽  
Joseph Gallagher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Academic Journal ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

IntroductionElectronic health (eHealth) applications have become a very large repository of health information which informs critical decisions relating to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients. Poor information quality (IQ) within eHealth may compromise patient safety. Evaluation of IQ in eHealth is therefore necessary to promote patient safety. An IQ framework specifies what aspects of information to assess and how to conduct the assessment. This systematic review aims to identify dimensions within existing IQ frameworks in eHealth and develop a new IQ framework for the assessment of eHealth.Method and analysisWe will search Embase, Medline, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Maternity and Infant Care, PsycINFO (American Psychological Association), Global Health, Scopus, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, Health Management Information Consortium and reference lists of relevant publications for articles published in English until November 2018. Studies will be selected by two independent reviewers based on prespecified eligibility criteria. Two reviewers will independently extract data in each eligible study using a prepiloted Microsoft Excel data extraction form. Thematic synthesis will be employed to define IQ dimensions and develop a new IQ framework for eHealth.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this systematic review as primary data will not be collected. The result of the review will be disseminated through publication in an academic journal and scientific conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018097142.

scholarly journals Anosmia and dysgeusia in COVID-19: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco ◽  
Carlos Altez-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Taste Disorders ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Smell Disorders

Background: This systematic review had three aims: i) to determine the frequency of anosmia (or other smell disorders) and dysgeusia (or other taste disorders) in COVID-19 patients; ii) to determine whether anosmia or dysgeusia are independently associated with COVID-19 diagnosis; and iii) to determine whether anosmia or dysgeusia are prognostic factors for impaired outcomes among COVID-19 patients. Methods: On April 20th, 2020, we search MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, Scopus, Web of Science and MedXriv. We used terms related to COVID-19, smell and taste disorders. We selected case series, cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies. We included studies with COVID-19 patients describing their symptoms; studies that compared smell and taste disorders between COVID-19 patients and otherwise healthy subjects; and studies comparing smell and taste disorders between COVID-19 severe and mild/moderate cases. Because of methodological heterogeneity and the limited number of results, a qualitative synthesis is presented. Results: From 31 reports, we selected six (n=2,757). Six studies reported the proportion of smell and taste disorders among COVID-19 patients. Two reports studied whether smell and taste disorders were independently associated with COVID-19 diagnosis. No reports studied the association with impaired outcomes among COVID-19 patients. The frequency of anosmia ranged between 22%-68%. The definition of taste disorders varied greatly, with dysgeusia present in 33% and ageusia in 20%. People who reported loss of smell and taste had six-fold higher odds of being COVID-19 positive; similarly, anosmia and ageusia were associated with 10-fold higher odds of COVID-19 diagnosis. Conclusions: The frequency of smell and taste disorders is as high as other symptoms, thus, at least anosmia for which the definition was more consistent, could be included in lists of COVID-19 symptoms. Although there is promising evidence, it is premature to conclude that smell and taste disorders are strongly associated with COVID-19 diagnosis. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42020181308

scholarly journals Shiatsu and Acupressure: Two Different and Distinct Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Fernando Cabo, MSc ◽  
Amanda Baskwill, MSc ◽  
Slava Christophe-Tchakaloff, LLM ◽  
Isaac Aguaristi ◽  
Jean-Philippe Guichard
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clear Distinction ◽  
Specialized Schools ◽  
Common Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Way ◽  
Research Studies

Background: Although shiatsu has been taught in specialized schools in Japan since 1940, there is a limited amount of research for its practice. As a result, authors substitute shiatsu with acupressure to use available research on acupressure. It is the position of the authors that, while the two share common aspects, they are substantively different. This project was undertaken to describe technical differences and advocate for a clear distinction, especially in research studies and academic discussions.Methods: To understand whether it is appropriate to include acupressure studies in the evidence for shiatsu an analysis of the references included in a frequently cited systematic review was conducted to collect information about the protocols. In addition, a preliminary exploration of shiatsu practitioners’ perceptions about the differences between shiatsu and acupressure is described. This exploration used videos of shiatsu and acupressure techniques and asked practitioners to comment on their perception of similarity.Discussion: The results identified several key technical differences between the two, including type of pressure applied, the positioning of the thumb, and the way in which body weight is used. Researchers should separate shiatsu and acupressure in their designs and purposively choose one or the other. To facilitate such clarification, we have proposed a definition for shiatsu that may facilitate the differentiation between these two techniques.Conclusion: The authors hope to stimulate discussion about the differences between shiatsu and acupressure, and to question the appropriateness of using acupressure studies as evidence of the efficacy of shiatsu. A true understanding of the efficacy of shiatsu cannot be determined until studies use a common definition of shiatsu and discontinue substituting acupressure research for evidence of shiatsu efficacy. When this happens, it is proposed that a clearer picture of the safety, efficacy, and mechanism of action of both shiatsu and acupressure will emerge.

scholarly journals Big data driven COVID-19 pandemic crisis management: Potential approach for global health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Lv ◽  
Chenwei Ma ◽  
Xiaohan Li ◽  
Min Wu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Potential Approach ◽  
Genetic Modifications ◽  
Big Data Technologies

IntroductionThis study aims to explore the potential of big data technologies for controlling COVID-19 transmission and managing effectively.Material and methodsA systematic review guided by PRISMA guidelines has been followed to obtain the key elements.ResultsThis study identified the most relevant 32 documents for qualitative analysis. It also reveals 10 possible sources and 8 key applications of big data for analyzing the virus infection trend, transmission pattern, virus association, and differences of genetic modifications.ConclusionsThe findings will provide new insight and help policymakers, and administrators to develop data-driven initiatives to tackle and manage the COVID-19 crisis.

Conceptualizing a win–win scenario in public–private partnerships: evidence from a systematic literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget Tawiah Badu Eshun ◽  
Albert P.C. Chan ◽  
Robert Osei-Kyei
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Project Delivery ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
Private Actors

PurposeAchieving the win–win goal in public–private partnership (PPP) has gained much research interest in recent times. These studies have addressed the achievement of win–win from various perspectives. An integration of the constructs from these various perspectives improves approach to attaining win–win throughout the entire project delivery. This study, therefore, becomes the first systematic review to analyse PPP studies towards identifying win–win constructs and then integrates findings into a conceptual model.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted a four-staged systematic review method. This includes concept development, papers retrieval, selection of relevant papers and qualitative analysis. Thematic analysis was used at the qualitative analysis stage for the identification and categorization of constructs and finally, systems thinking was adopted in integrating the findings into a conceptual modeFindingsThe achievement of win–win between government and private investors is of much desire hence a more conscious approach towards it is ideal. A total of 40 constructs were identified and were later categorised into six components. Some constructs identified include optimal assessment and fair allocation of project risks, reasonable concessions period, flexible contracting, equal and active participation and co-ordination of public and private actors and strategic negotiation.Originality/valueThis paper provides an improved definition of win–win scenario in PPP infrastructure project delivery. Furthermore, the novel approach of integrating win–win constructs into a systemic conceptual model is very relevant to PPP body of knowledge and practice. The study concludes with plausible research directions to further improve the achievement of win–win in PPP.

Wide-neck aneurysms: systematic review of the neurosurgical literature with a focus on definition and clinical implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin K. Hendricks ◽  
James S. Yoon ◽  
Kurt Yaeger ◽  
Christopher P. Kellner ◽  
J Mocco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
Neck Size ◽  
Common Definition ◽  
Aneurysm Morphology ◽  
Microsurgical Techniques ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Neck Diameter ◽  
Wide Neck

OBJECTIVEWide-necked aneurysms (WNAs) are a variably defined subset of cerebral aneurysms that require more advanced endovascular and microsurgical techniques than those required for narrow-necked aneurysms. The neurosurgical literature includes many definitions of WNAs, and a systematic review has not been performed to identify the most commonly used or optimal definition. The purpose of this systematic review was to highlight the most commonly used definition of WNAs.METHODSThe authors searched PubMed for the years 1998–2017, using the terms “wide neck aneurysm” and “broad neck aneurysm” to identify relevant articles. All results were screened for having a minimum of 30 patients and for clearly stating a definition of WNA. Reference lists for all articles meeting the inclusion criteria were also screened for eligibility.RESULTSThe search of the neurosurgical literature identified 809 records, of which 686 were excluded (626 with < 30 patients; 60 for lack of a WNA definition), leaving 123 articles for analysis. Twenty-seven unique definitions were identified and condensed into 14 definitions. The most common definition was neck size ≥ 4 mm or dome-to-neck ratio < 2, which was used in 49 articles (39.8%). The second most commonly used definition was neck size ≥ 4 mm, which was used in 26 articles (21.1%). The rest of the definitions included similar parameters with variable thresholds. There was inconsistent reporting of the precise dome measurements used to determine the dome-to-neck ratio. Digital subtraction angiography was the only imaging modality used to study the aneurysm morphology in 87 of 122 articles (71.3%).CONCLUSIONSThe literature has great variability regarding the definition of a WNA. The most prevalent definition is a neck diameter of ≥ 4 mm or a dome-to-neck ratio of < 2. Whether this is the most appropriate and clinically useful definition is an area for future study.

scholarly journals DEFINITION OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN SCHOOLCHILDREN: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WITH META-ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-430
Author(s):  
Marcela Almeida LINDEN ◽  
Renata Germano Borges de Oliveira Nascimento FREITAS ◽  
Gabriel HESSEL ◽  
Denise Barbieri MARMO ◽  
Maria Ângela BELLOMO-BRANDÃO
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Common Definition ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Definition Of

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency is being recognized as a pandemic due to the volume of people affected by the deficiency and the number of illnesses generated or stimulated by the deficiency. There is a lack of consensus in the literature on what is considered vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D]. OBJECTIVE: This review brings together the most common levels of 25(OH)D found in healthy schoolchildren and what is considered deficient. METHODS: This systematic review was based on the literature accessed from the electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, SCOPUS and WEB OF SCIENCE. The following descriptors were used in English, Portuguese and Spanish: “Vitamin D”; “Vitamin D deficiency”; “Nutritional Supplements” as well as all their synonyms. The meta-analysis was performed considering the random model. Inclusion criteria: healthy children aged 6 to 12 years, studies that had vitamin D levels, defined vitamin D deficiency. RESULTS: Of the 191 potentially eligible articles, only six articles were included, with 2618 students in total. The mean value of 25(OH)D was estimated at 18.11 ng/mL with 95% confidence interval. Among the articles found, three were considered deficiency levels below 20 ng/mL, one considered below 18 ng/mL, another below 15 ng/mL, and the latter below 11 ng/ mL. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among the articles was 48.6%, 7%, 98%, 64.63%, 19.5%, 28.4%, according to each classification used by the same. CONCLUSION: The most common definition in the literature of 25(OH)D deficiency in schoolchildren was at levels below 20 ng/mL. No side effects have been reported in studies that used fortification and/or vitamin D supplementation. Daily supplementation is more effective than seasonal supplementation. However, more studies are needed to define what can be considered as optimal levels of 25(OH)D in children.

Towards a common definition of global health

The Lancet ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 373 (9679) ◽  
pp. 1993-1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey P Koplan ◽  
T Christopher Bond ◽  
Michael H Merson ◽  
K Srinath Reddy ◽  
Mario Henry Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Common Definition ◽  
Definition Of

scholarly journals Nocturnal Enuresis is an Under-recognised Side Effect of Clozapine: Results of a Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Niku Dhillon ◽  
Reinhard Heun
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Common Definition ◽  
Improve Compliance ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractObjectivesClozapine is an effective antipsychotic medication licenced for the management of treatment resistant schizophrenia. Due to its non-selective pharmacology, it has a broad range of side effects. Nocturnal enuresis secondary to the use of clozapine has been documented in the literature but may be overlooked, the link between drug and symptom being clinically unnoticed. Patients may not mention urinary symptoms due to supervening psychosis, co-existing symptomatology, embarrassment or shame. By raising awareness of the phenomenon, early recognition and patient support may improve compliance with clozapine medication, and consecutively, overall mental health. Consequently, this systematic review investigates the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis secondary to clozapine use.MethodsA literature search on clozapine and nocturnal enuresis was used to identify the relevant papers. Papers providing the prevalence data on Clozapine associated nocturnal enuresis were selected for data extraction.Results47 papers were initially identified. Eight papers focused on the prevalence of clozapine associated nocturnal enuresis (CANE). Point prevalence (nocturnal enuresis at the time of assessment), 1-month prevalence and episode prevalence (nocturnal enuresis since beginning of clozapine) were given. Papers included patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar affective disorder and psychotic depression, taking clozapine medication. The prevalence of CANE ranged from 10–42%. Point prevalence was 21–27%, 1-month prevalence was 10–39% and episode prevalence was 15–42%. Clozapine was more likely to cause nocturnal enuresis compared to other psychotropic medication.ConclusionThe prevalence of CANE may be greater than previously thought. However, in order to determine an accurate prevalence of clozapine associated nocturnal enuresis, larger studies with strict inclusion criteria, common definition of diagnosis and prevalence are required. By establishing an accurate prevalence, physician awareness can be improved, and patients can becounselled on the risk of developing the side effect, thus improving early identification and reducing discontinuation rates.

SELF ASSESSMENT TO KNOW UNDERSTANDING MATHEMATIC CONCEPT

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Deni Iriyadi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Limit Concept ◽  
Research Instrument ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

This research is a qualitative study aimed to determine the students' understanding of the concept of matter limit. The subjects were students of class XI IPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Watampone. The concept includes the definition of the limit. Data obtained using a research instrument in the form of self-assessment and then proceed with the interview subjects were selected based on the results of self-assessment has been done before. Analysis using qualitative analysis of students' understanding of the concept of the limit concept. The results of this study indicate that students' understanding of concepts some of which are not / do not understand especially regarding definitions limit. In addition students are also wrong about the resolution limit. Students who understand the concept of limit dinyakatakan them restate concepts, including examples and classify the sample to non-completion of function and limit the right results.

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