scholarly journals Remote evaluations of violence against women and girls interventions: a rapid scoping review of tools, ethics and safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. e006780
Author(s):  
Ilana Seff ◽  
Luissa Vahedi ◽  
Samantha McNelly ◽  
Elfriede Kormawa ◽  
Lindsay Stark
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
Humanitarian Settings ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Women And Girls

Although programmes and policies targeting violence against women and girls (VAWG) have increased in the past decade, there is a paucity of evidence on the effectiveness of these interventions. To expand this evidence base, researchers increasingly employ remote data collection (RDC)—including online surveys, mobile applications and telephone interviews—in their evaluations. Although RDC allows for evaluations without in-person interactions—which are restricted during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic— information about these methods is necessary to understand their potential usefulness and limitations. This scoping review examines remote evaluations of VAWG interventions to describe the landscape of RDC methods, reflect on safety and ethical considerations, and offer best practices for RDC in VAWG research. Fourteen studies met eligibility criteria, with seven, five, and two studies employing telephone interviews, online surveys, and mobile applications, respectively. Studies commonly stated that participants were asked to use a safe email or device, but the method for verifying such safety was rarely specified. Best practices around safety included creating a ‘quick escape’ button for online data collection to use when another individual was present, explaining to participants how to erase browsing history and application purchases, and asking participants to specify a safe time for researchers to call. Only eight studies established referral pathways for respondents as per best practice. None of the eligible studies took place in low/middle-income countries (LMICs) or humanitarian settings, likely reflecting the additional challenges to using RDC methods in lower resource settings. Findings were used to create a best practice checklist for programme evaluators and Institutional Review Boards using RDC for VAWG interventions. The authors found that opportunities exist for researchers to safely and effectively use RDC methodologies to gather VAWG data, but that further study is needed to gauge the feasibility of these methods in LMICs and humanitarian settings.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Italian Home Palliative Care Services

Healthcare ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianlorenzo Scaccabarozzi ◽  
Pietro Giorgio Lovaglio ◽  
Fabrizio Limonta ◽  
Carlo Peruselli ◽  
Mariadonata Bellentani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Palliative Care Services ◽  
Year 2013

Background: In Italy, there currently is a lack of reliable and consistent data on home palliative care provided to people near death. Objectives: Monitoring the activities of the Italian Home Palliative Care Services, according to the 2014 national data collection program entitled “Observatory of Best Practices in Palliative Care” and providing process/outcome measures on a subsample (Best Practice Panel), on regulatory standards and on complete/reliable activity data. Design: A data collection web portal using two voluntary internet-based questionnaires in order to retrospectively identify the main care activity data provided within the year 2013 by Home care units. In the Best Practice Panel and International best practices, eligibility and quality measures refer to the national standards of the NL 38/2010. Setting/Subject: Home Palliative Care Services (HPCSs) that provided care from January to December 2013. Results: 118 Home care units were monitored, globally accounting for 40,955 assisted patients within the year 2013 (38,384 cancer patients); 56 (47.5% of 118) were admitted in the Best Practice Panel. Non-cancer (5%) and pediatric (0.4%) patients represented negligible percentages of frail care patients, and a majority of patients died at home (respectively nearly 75% and 80% of cancer and non-cancer patients). Conclusion: The study demonstrated the feasibility of the collection of certified data from Home care services through a web-based system. Only 80% of the facilities met the requirements provided by the Italian NL 38/2010. Moreover, the extension of the palliative care services provided to frail non-cancer and pediatric patients, affected by complex and advanced chronic conditions, is still inadequate in Italy.

scholarly journals Co-Designing Mobile Applications for Data Collection: A Comparative Evaluation of Co-Design Processes in the Project "Nachtlicht-BüHNE"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike Klan ◽  
Christopher C.M. Kyba ◽  
Nona Schulte-Römer ◽  
Helga U. Kuechly ◽  
Jürgen Oberst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Science Projects ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Future Citizen

<p>Data collection via mobile software applications is playing an increasingly important role in Citizen Science projects. When developing such applications, it is important to consider both the requirements of the scientists interested in data collection and the needs of the citizen scientists who contribute data. Citizens and participating scientists therefore ideally work together when conceptualizing, designing, and testing such applications (co-design). In this way, both sides - scientists and citizens - can contribute their expectations, desires, knowledge, and engagement at an early stage, thereby improving the utility and acceptance of the resulting applications. How such a co-design process must and can be meaningfully designed depends very much on (1) the interests, skills and background knowledge of the project participants, (2) the complexity and type of the data collection methodology to be implemented, and (3) the time, financial and legal conditions under which the software is developed.</p><p>In our contribution, we address this point. We present two methodologies that enable the joint design and implementation of software applications for mobile data collection in citizen science projects. These represent quite different best practice approaches that emerged during the development of mobile applications on the topics of light pollution and meteor observation in our Citizen Science project Nachtlicht-BüHNE. We examine and compare the resulting methods with respect to their suitability for use under different conditions and thus provide future citizen science projects based on participatory developed mobile applications with decision support for the design of their co-design approach. We shed light on the two co-design methods with respect to the following criteria, among others: possible types of contributions by volunteers, requirements on expertise and knowledge of the contributors, flexibility of the method with respect to changing requirements, possibilities with respect to the design of complex data collection methods, costs incurred and time required for the implementation of the methodology.</p>

scholarly journals Mobile applications for data collection in longitudinal epidemiological studies: Possibilities, problems and perspectives identified by a scoping review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Fischer ◽  
Sina Kleen
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Patient Data ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
Epidemiological Research ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Health Apps

BACKGROUND The broad availability of smartphones and the number of health applications (health apps) in app stores have risen in recent years. Health apps have benefits for individuals to monitor their health as well as for the researcher to collect data in population-based, clinical, and observational studies. Although the number of health apps on the global app market is huge and its potential seems to be high, smartphone app-based questionnaires for collecting patient-related data have not played an important role so far. OBJECTIVE This study aims to provide an overview of studies that have collected patient data using an app-based approach, with a particular focus on longitudinal studies. This literature review describes the current state of affairs in terms of the extent to which smartphones have been used for collecting (patient) data for research purposes, and the potentials and challenges associated with this approach. METHODS A scoping review of studies using data collection via apps was conducted. PubMed was used to identify studies describing the utilization of smartphone app questionnaires for collecting data over time. Overall, 17 articles were included in the summary. RESULTS There are only a few studies integrating smartphone apps into data-collection approaches. Studies dealing with the collection of health-related data via smartphone apps have mainly been developed in the field of psychosomatic, neurodegenerative, respiratory, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as malign neoplasm. The study duration for data collection varied from four weeks to twelve months, and the participants’ mean ages ranged from 7 to 69 years. Potential can be seen for real-time information transfer, fast data synchronization from entry to provision (which saves time and increases effectivity), and the possibility of tracking responses longitudinally. Furthermore, smartphone-based data-collection techniques might prevent biases such as reminder bias or mistakes occurring during manual data transfers. In chronic diseases, real-time communication with the physician and early detection of symptoms enable rapid modifications in the management of the disease. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that using mobile technologies can help to overcome challenges linked with data collection in epidemiological research. However, further feasibility studies need to be conducted in the near future to test the applicability and acceptance of these mobile applications for epidemiological research in various subpopulations. CLINICALTRIAL

scholarly journals Researching violence against women and girls in South Sudan: ethical and safety considerations and strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Contreras-Urbina ◽  
Alexandra Blackwell ◽  
Maureen Murphy ◽  
Mary Ellsberg
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Humanitarian Settings ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Safety Considerations

Abstract Background Globally, it is estimated that at least one out of every three women experiences violence by an intimate partner and/or non-partner throughout their lifetime. Women and girls are at even higher risk of violence in conflict and humanitarian crises. Although effort has expanded to build rigorous evidence and research on violence against women and girls (VAWG) among conflict-affected populations, methodological and ethical challenges remain. Basic ethical research practices are more challenging in conflict-affected populations and therefore require supplementary protections. While it is important to follow international ethical guidelines, in practice it is sometimes difficult depending on the setting. The aim of this paper is to present the main ethical challenges that occur when conducting research on VAWG in conflict and humanitarian settings, as well as potential strategies to address these challenges, based on a recent study carried out in South Sudan in 2016. Case presentation This paper provides an analysis utilizing the World Health Organization guidelines on doing research on VAWG and in conflict and humanitarian settings. The paper analyses four main components: the first component is a risk-benefit assessment, which includes identifying the research gap and evaluating feasibility with local stakeholders. The second component is a methodological and conceptual approach, which involves both local stakeholders and external experts in order to develop flexible methods that can be used in a volatile conflict setting. The third component is safety considerations, which emphasizes the importance of collaborating with a partner with strong local networks. The last component is analysis and research uptake. This component describes the importance of developing different research products, and disseminating them in a way to ensure they would be relevant and minimize any risks to the participants. Conclusions The study in South Sudan provided an excellent opportunity to put into practice the international ethical guidelines to carry out research on VAWG in conflict and humanitarian settings. The study enabled the research team to reflect on the guidelines and develop strategies to cope with new methodological and ethical challenges that arose in this complex setting, adapting the guidelines, as necessary. It demonstrated the necessity of developing a strong yet adaptable methodology with multiple alternative plans to solve any safety or ethical issues that occur throughout the entirety of the study. It also revealed the importance of collaborating with an implementing partner and gathering input from both local and international stakeholders on research design, analysis and uptake. Most importantly, the study in South Sudan emphasized that this type of complex research requires significant planning, in addition to substantial financial and human resources. Donor buy-in and flexibility is therefore essential.

Online Surveys: A Potential Weapon Against Clinician Non-Compliance

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Schears
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Worker Exposure ◽  
Pros And Cons

Abstract Over the last two decades, our understanding of the pathogenesis of central line associated blood steam infections has improved significantly. Also, increased attention has been focused on reducing healthcare worker exposure to infectious agents. Best practice protocols have been developed to eliminate unnecessary morbidity, mortality and costs associated with these infections and exposures. Adoption of these best practices has been incomplete and non-compliance is a major factor preventing our infectious complication rates from reaching zero. Getting at the root cause of noncompliance is complex. Online surveys are uniquely positioned to help understand the human factors contributing to non-compliance. This article reviews some of the pros and cons associated with the use of online surveys. Using several relevant recent examples, this article explores how these surveys can be used to identify those factors that create barriers to compliance. By better understanding all the issues involved with non-compliance, we will be able to create strategies and engineer products to improve best practice protocol compliance and reduce the human factor contribution to our patient's infectious complications.

scholarly journals Strategi pengembangan inovasi program pendidikan nonformal sebagai best practices bagi pusat kegiatan belajar masyarakat

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arief Rizka ◽  
Rila Hardiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Community Learning Center ◽  
Interactive Analysis ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Program Innovation

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk; (1) memetakan inovasi program PNF yang dikembangkan oleh PKBM di kota Mataram; dan (2) menganalisis strategi yang digunakan dalam mengembangkan inovasi program PNF yang dapat dijadikan sebagai best practices bagi PKBM di Kota Mataram. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah PKBM-PKBM di Kota Mataram yang ditentukan secara purposif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yakni Pengelola PKBM, Tutor, dan Penilik PNF Kota Mataram. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan pedoman wawancara, pedoman observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan model analisis interaktif yang meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi atau pengambilan kesimpulan. Teknik keabsahan data dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan diskusi dengan teman sejawat. Hasil penelitian ini mendeskripsikan bahwa (1) inovasi program PNF yang dikembangkan oleh PKBM-PKBM di Kota Mataram cukup variatif dan berbasis pada kebutuhan riil masyarakat dengan fokus inovasi program pada dimensi pelayanan, peningkatan kapasitas, dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. (2) Strategi yang digunakan dalam pengembangan inovasi program PNF pada PKBM di Kota Mataram antara lain yaitu startegi partisipatif, strategi persuasif, dan strategi pemetaan sosial yang dimana penggunaan strategi tersebut sejauh ini telah optimal dalam mengembangkan program PNF yang inovatif di masing-masing PKBM tersebut. Kata Kunci: strategi pengembangan, inovasi, program PNF. Development strategy of non-formal education program innovation as best practices for community learning center AbstractThis research aimed to; (1) map innovation of NFE program which was developed by CLC’s at Mataram city; and (2) analyse strategy which was used in developing innovation of PNF program that could become best practice for CLC’s at Mataram city. This research used descriptive method with qualitative approach. Analysis unit in this research was all CLC’s at Mataram city which determined as purposive. Data sources in this research namely CLC’s management, tutor, ad owner of NFE Mataram city. Technique of data collection used interview, observation and documentation. The data analysis was conducted with using interactive analysis through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and verivication or conclusion. Tehnique of data validity with using sources of triangulation and discussion with friends. The result of research in describing that (1) innovation of NFE program which developed by all CLC’s Mataram city was quite variety and based on community real needed with focusing on innovation program on serving dimension, improving capacity, and public welfare. (2) strategy which used in developing innovation of NFE program at CLC’s Mataram city such as participatory strategy, persuasive strategy, and social mapping strategy which used strategy mention as far as this strategy was optimal in developing inovative NFE program on each CLC’s.Keywords: development strategy, innovation, nonformal education program

scholarly journals Current Practices in UAS-based Environmental Monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Tmušić ◽  
Salvatore Manfreda ◽  
Helge Aasen ◽  
Mike R. James ◽  
Gil Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
The Many ◽  
Aerial Systems ◽  
Operational Guidance

With the increasing role that unmanned aerial systems (UAS) are playing in data collection for environmental studies, two key challenges relate to harmonizing and providing standardized guidance for data collection, and also establishing protocols that are applicable across a broad range of environments and conditions. In this context, a network of scientists are cooperating within the framework of the Harmonious Project to develop and promote harmonized mapping strategies and disseminate operational guidance to ensure best practice for data collection and interpretation. The culmination of these efforts is summarized in the present manuscript. Through this synthesis study, we identify the many interdependencies of each step in the collection and processing chain, and outline approaches to formalize and ensure a successful workflow and product development. Given the number of environmental conditions, constraints, and variables that could possibly be explored from UAS platforms, it is impractical to provide protocols that can be applied universally under all scenarios. However, it is possible to collate and systematically order the fragmented knowledge on UAS collection and analysis to identify the best practices that can best ensure the streamlined and rigorous development of scientific products.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance: evaluating the rapid design and implementation of an international registry against best practice

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean W Liew ◽  
Suleman Bhana ◽  
Wendy Costello ◽  
Jonathan S Hausmann ◽  
Pedro M Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Rheumatic Disease ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Governance Structure

Abstract Objectives As the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic developed there was a paucity of data relevant to people living with rheumatic disease. This led to the development of a global, online registry to meet these information needs. This manuscript provides a detailed description of the coronavirus disease 2019 Global Rheumatology Alliance registry development, governance structure, and data collection, and insights into new ways of rapidly establishing global research collaborations to meet urgent research needs. Methods We use previously published recommendations for best practices for registry implementation and describe the development of the Global Rheumatology Alliance registry in terms of these steps. We identify how and why these steps were adapted or modified. In Phase 1 of registry development, the purpose of the registry and key stakeholders were identified on online platforms, Twitter and Slack. Phase 2 consisted of protocol and data collection form development, team building and the implementation of governance and policies. Results All key steps of the registry development best practices framework were met, though with the need for adaptation in some areas. Outputs of the registry, two months after initial conception, are also described. Conclusion The Global Rheumatology Alliance registry will provide highly useful, timely data to inform clinical care and identify further research priorities for people with rheumatic disease with coronavirus disease 2019. The formation of an international team, easily able to function in online environments and resulting in rapid deployment of a registry is a model that can be adapted for other disease states and future global collaborations.

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