scholarly journals Characteristics and treatment effectiveness of the nummular headache: a systematic review and analysis of 110 cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. e000049
Author(s):  
Urvish K Patel ◽  
Sidra Saleem ◽  
Arsalan Anwar ◽  
Preeti Malik ◽  
Bindi Chauhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Nummular Headache ◽  
Pubmed Database

Background/objectiveNummular headache (NH) is a primary headache disorder characterised by intermittent or continuous scalp pain, affecting a small circumscribed area of the scalp. As there are limited data in the literature on NH, we conducted this review to evaluate demographic characteristics and factors associated with complete resolution of the headache, and effectiveness of treatment options.MethodsWe performed a systematic review of cases reported through PubMed database, using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol and ‘nummular headache’, ‘coin-shaped headache’ and ‘coin-shaped cephalalgia’ keywords. Analysis was performed by using χ2 test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test. For individual interventions, the response rate (RR%) of the treatment was calculated.ResultsWe analysed a total of 110 NH cases, with median age 47 years and age of pain onset 42 years. Median duration to make correct diagnosis was 18 months after first attack. The median intensity of each attack was 5/10 on verbal rating scale over 4 cm diameter with duration of attack <30 min. Patients with NH had median three attacks per day with frequency of 9.5 days per month. 40 (57.97%) patients had complete resolution of the headache after treatment. Patients with complete resolution were younger, more likely to be female, and were more likely to have diagnosis within year. Patients with complete resolution more likely to have received treatment with onabotulinum toxin A (botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A)), and gabapentin compared with patients without complete resolution. Most effective interventions were gabapentin (n=34; RR=67.7%), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (n=32; RR=65.6%), BoNT-A (n=12; RR=100%) and tricyclic antidepressant (n=9; RR=44.4%).ConclusionYounger patients, female sex and early diagnosis were associated with complete resolution. NSAIDs, gabapentin and BoNT-A were most commonly used medications, with significant RRs.

scholarly journals CBCT in orthodontics: a systematic review on justification of CBCT in a paediatric population prior to orthodontic treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelore De Grauwe ◽  
Irem Ayaz ◽  
Sohaib Shujaat ◽  
Simon Dimitrov ◽  
Logan Gbadegbegnon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Conventional Radiography ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Treatment Optimization ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy

Summary Background Taking into account radiation doses, safety, and protection, we highlighted the features in which cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) can offer an advantage compared to the conventional two-dimensional imaging in paediatric dentistry before orthodontic treatment. Objective The aim of this article was to conduct a systematic review to assess the diagnostic efficacy of CBCT in the paediatric population at a pre-orthodontic phase. Search methods MEDLINE via PubMed was searched to identify all peer-reviewed articles potentially relevant to the review until 1 July 2018. Relevant publications were selected by two reviewers independently. Selection criteria The literature selection for this systematic review was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and was based on predetermined inclusion criteria. Data collection and analysis Data were collected on overall study characteristics and examination characteristics of the selected studies. Methodological quality of the selected studies was evaluated. Original studies were assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) tool. Thereafter, levels of evidence were obtained according to Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria. Results As a result of the QUADAS assessment, a total of 37 articles were included in the protocol. Following a proper protocol, CBCT was regarded as a reliable tool for assessment and management of impacted canine and root fracture. It provided a better evaluation of normal and pathological condylar shape and volume. CBCT was a superior choice for pre-surgical diagnostic applications in cleft lip and/or palate over a medical computed tomography based on its lower radiation exposure, shorter investigation time, and low purchase costs. Conclusions CBCT is justified only in those cases where conventional radiography fails to provide a correct diagnosis of pathology. Therefore, it cannot be regarded as a standard method of diagnosis. CBCT imaging may also be justified when it positively affects treatment options or provides treatment optimization. Registration None. Conflict of interest None to declare.

Treatment and management of migraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 138-151
Author(s):  
Miguel J. A. Láinez ◽  
Veselina T. Grozeva
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Headache Disorder ◽  
Dopamine Antagonists ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Acute Migraine ◽  
Primary Headache Disorder ◽  
General Management ◽  
Status Migrainosus

The chapter is a review of the possible treatment options for acute migraine. This primary headache disorder has a huge social and economic impact. The combination of a correct diagnosis, good general management and the election of the most appropriate pharmacological treatment can significantly reduce the patient’s disability. Here we provide a thorough description of the most commonly used specific (ergots and triptans) and nonspecific (analgesics, NSAIDs, dopamine antagonists, etc.) medications, as well as some of their effective combinations. We discuss how to use the different medications in relation with the clinical presentation of the migraine attacks and in special situations as status migrainosus, or refractoriness to conventional treatment. Advantages and disadvantages of the most used strategies are pointed out to assist professionals to choose the best individual treatment for their patients with acute migraine attack.

scholarly journals Percutaneous cholecystostomy… why, when, what next? A systematic review of past decade

2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (8) ◽  
pp. 618-631
Author(s):  
M Elsharif ◽  
A Forouzanfar ◽  
K Oaikhinan ◽  
Niraj Khetan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Bridge To Surgery ◽  
Percutaneous Cholecystostomy ◽  
Tube Drainage ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Cholecystostomy Tube ◽  
Percutaneous Cholecystostomy Tube

IntroductionPercutaneous cholecystostomy tube drainage has played a vital role in management of cholecystitis in patients where surgery is not appropriate. However, management differs from unit to unit and even between different consultants in the same unit. We conducted this systematic review to understand which of these resulted in the best patient outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review using the PubMed database for publication between January 2006 to December 2016. Keyword variants of ‘cholecystostomy’ and ‘cholecystitis’ were combined to identify potential relevant papers for inclusion.FindingsWe identified 46 studies comprising a total of 312,085 patients from 20 different countries. These papers were reviewed, critically appraised and summarised in table format. Percutaneous cholecystostomy tube drainage is an important treatment modality with an excellent safety profile. It has been used successfully both as a definitive procedure and as a bridge to surgery. There continues to be great variation, however, when it comes to the indications, timing and management of these drains. As far as we are aware, this is the only systematic review to cover the past 10 years. It provides a much-needed update, considering all the technological development and new treatment options in laparoscopic surgery and interventional radiology.

scholarly journals Surgical management of symptomatic cavum septum pellucidum cysts: systematic review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Simonin ◽  
Christopher R. P. Lind
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Postoperative Outcome ◽  
Septum Pellucidum ◽  
Cavum Septum Pellucidum ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Pubmed Database

AbstractCavum septum pellucidum (CSP) and cavum vergae (CV) cysts are commonly found incidentally. They are usually asymptomatic but may present with symptoms related to obstructive hydrocephalus. There is no consensus about the management of symptomatic CSP and CV cysts. We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first systematic review of the different treatment options for symptomatic CSP and CV cysts. We conducted a literature review using PubMed database, searching for cases of symptomatic CSP and CV cysts managed surgically, and published until April 2019. Preoperative characteristics, surgical procedure, and postoperative outcome were analyzed using SPSS® software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, IBM®). We found 54 cases of symptomatic CSP and CV cysts managed surgically (34 males, 20 females, 1.7/1 male to female ratio). Mean age was 24.3 ± 20.1 years. The most common presentation was headaches (34 patients, 62%), followed by psychiatric symptoms (27 patients, 49.1%). Preoperative radiological hydrocephalus was present in 30 patients (54.5%). The most common surgical procedure was endoscopic fenestration (39 patients, 70.9%), followed by shunting (10 patients, 18.2%), open surgery (3 patients, 5.5%), and stereotactic fenestration (1 patient, 1.8%). Complete resolution of symptoms was achieved in 36 patients (65.5%) and partial resolution in 7 patients (12.7%), and symptoms were unchanged in 2 patients. The present review suggests that surgical treatment could provide resolution of the symptoms in most of the cases, regardless of the procedure performed. Although mean follow-up was short among the studies, recurrence rate was low.

Socioeconomic and Demographic Statuses as Determinants of Adherence to Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV Infected Patients: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuredin Nassir Azmach ◽  
Temam Abrar Hamza ◽  
Awel Abdella Husen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
Socio Economic Factors ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Socioeconomic and demographic statuses are associated with adherence to the treatment of patients with several chronic diseases. However, there is a controversy regarding their impact on adherence among HIV/AIDS patients. Thus, we performed a systematic review of the evidence regarding the association of socioeconomic and demographic statuses with adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: The PubMed database was used to search and identify studies concerning about socioeconomic and demographic statuses and HIV/AIDS patients. Data were collected on the association between adherence to ART and varies determinants factors of socioeconomic (income, education, and employment/occupation) and socio-demographic (sex and age). Findings: From 393 potentially-relevant articles initially identified, 35 original studies were reviewed in detail, which contained data that were helpful in evaluating the association between socioeconomic/ demographic statuses and adherence to ART among HIV patients. Two original research study has specifically focused on the possible association between socioeconomic status and adherence to ART. Income, level of education, and employment/occupational status were significantly and positively associated with the level of adherence in 7 studies (36.8%), 7 studies (28.0%), and 4 studies (23.5%) respectively out of 19, 25, and 17 studies reviewed. Sex (being male), and age (per year increasing) were significantly and positively associated with the level of adherence in 5 studies (14.3%), and 9 studies (25.7%) respectively out of 35 studies reviewed. However, the determinant of socioeconomic and demographic statuses was not found to be significantly associated with adherence in studies related to income 9(47.4%), education 17(68.0%), employment/ occupational 10(58.8%), sex 27(77.1%), and age 25(71.4%). Conclusion: The majority of the reviewed studies reported that there is no association between socio- demographic and economic variables and adherence to therapy. Whereas, some studies show that age of HIV patients (per year increasing) and sex (being male) were positively associated with adherence to ART. Among socio-economic factors, the available evidence does not provide conclusive support for the existence of a clear association with adherence to ART among HIV patients. There seems to be a positive trend between socioeconomic factors and adherence to ART in some of the reviewed studies.

Covid-19 and Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Ahmed Saad ◽  
Mostafa Alfishawy ◽  
Mahmoud Nassar ◽  
Mahmoud Mohamed ◽  
Ignatius N Esene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
English Language ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Viral Illness

Introduction: Over 4.9 million cases of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been confirmed since the worldwide pandemic began. Since the emergence of COVID-19, a number of confirmed cases reported autoimmune manifestations. Herein, we reviewed the reported COVID-19 cases with associated autoimmune manifestations. Methods: We searched PubMed database using all available keyword for COVID-19. All related studies between January 1st, 2020 to May 22nd, 2020 were reviewed. Only studies published in English language were considered. Articles were screened based on titles and abstract. All reports of confirmed COVID-19 patients who have associated clinical evidence of autoimmune disease were selected. Results: Among 10006 articles, searches yielded, Thirty-two relevant articles for full-text assessment. Twenty studies meet the eligibility criteria. The twenty eligible articles reported 33 cases of confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis who developed an autoimmune disease after the onset of covid-19 symptoms. Ages of patients varied from a 6 months old infant to 89 years old female (Mean=53.9 years of 28 cases); five cases had no information regarding their age. The time between symptoms of viral illness and onset of autoimmune symptoms ranged from 2 days to 33 days (Mean of the 33 cases=9.8 days). Autoimmune diseases were one case of subacute thyroiditis (3%), two cases of Kawasaki Disease (6.1%), three cases of coagulopathy and antiphospholipid syndrome (9.1%), three cases of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (9.1%), eight cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (24.2%), and sixteen cases of Guillain–Barré syndrome (48.5%). Conclusions: COVID-19 has been implicated in the development in a range of autoimmune diseases which may shed a light on the association between autoimmune diseases and infections.

Efeitos dos Programas de Treinamento Aeróbio, de Força e Combinado na Glicose Sanguínea em Diabéticos do Tipo 2: uma Revisão Sistemática/ Effects of Aerobic, Strength and Combined Programs Training on Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetic: a Systematic Review.

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre de Souza E Silva ◽  
Maria Paula Gonçalves Mota
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Pubmed Database

O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os estudos que avaliaram os efeitos dos programas de treinamento aeróbio, força e combinado nos níveis de glicose sanguínea em indivíduos com diabetes do tipo 2. Foi utilizado o método de revisão sistemática, sendo utilizada a base de dados PubMed. As palavras chaves utilizadas para pesquisa foram training and diabetes. Foram identificados 484 artigos originais. Apenas 17 estudos respeitaram os critérios de inclusão. Os resultados evidenciam que os programas de treinamento aeróbio diminuíram os níveis de glicose. O programa de treinamento de força também foi favorável à diminuição dos níveis de glicose sanguínea. Já o programa de treinamento combinado não demonstrou efeitos favoráveis no controle da glicose sanguínea. Conclui-se que o programa de treinamento aeróbio e de força ajudam a controlar os níveis de glicose sanguínea em indivíduos com diabetes do tipo 2. Palavras-chave: diabetes mellitus, treinamento, glicose.ABSTRACTThe study aims to analyze the studies that evaluated the effects of aerobic, strength and combined programs training in blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes. We used a systematic review method and is used to PubMed database. The key words used for searching were training and diabetes. We identified 484 original articles. Only 17 studies complied with the inclusion criteria. The results show that aerobic training programs decreased glucose levels. The strength training program was also favorable to decrease in blood glucose levels. But the combined training program has not shown favorable effects on blood glucose control. We conclude that the aerobic training and strength helps control blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, training, glucose.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic appendectomy versus antibiotic treatment for acute appendicitis—a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Köhler ◽  
Anne Hendricks ◽  
Carolin Kastner ◽  
Sophie Müller ◽  
Kevin Boerner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Laparoscopic Appendectomy ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Open Appendectomy ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Uncomplicated Appendicitis ◽  
Absence From Work

Abstract Background Over the last years, laparoscopic appendectomy has progressively replaced open appendectomy and become the current gold standard treatment for suspected, uncomplicated appendicitis. At the same time, though, it is an ongoing discussion that antibiotic therapy can be an equivalent treatment for patients with uncomplicated appendicitis. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the safety and efficacy of antibiotic therapy and compare it to the laparoscopic appendectomy for acute, uncomplicated appendicitis. Methods The PubMed database, Embase database, and Cochrane library were scanned for studies comparing laparoscopic appendectomy with antibiotic treatment. Two independent reviewers performed the study selection and data extraction. The primary endpoint was defined as successful treatment of appendicitis. Secondary endpoints were pain intensity, duration of hospitalization, absence from work, and incidence of complications. Results No studies were found that exclusively compared laparoscopic appendectomy with antibiotic treatment for acute, uncomplicated appendicitis. Conclusions To date, there are no studies comparing antibiotic treatment to laparoscopic appendectomy for patients with acute uncomplicated appendicitis, thus emphasizing the lack of evidence and need for further investigation.

scholarly journals How Effective Is Auditory–Verbal Therapy (AVT) for Building Language Development of Children with Cochlear Implants? A Systematic Review

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Paris Binos ◽  
Elina Nirgianaki ◽  
George Psillas
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Receptive Vocabulary ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Auditory Verbal Therapy

This systematic review sheds light on the effectiveness of auditory–verbal therapy (AVT) outcomes in children with cochlear implants (CIs). The presented outcome is based on research findings from the last 10 years. The systematic review was designed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and Critical Appraisal of Treatment Evidence (CATE) checklist. Specific keywords were chosen based on the research question and searched on the PubMed database. All searched papers were analysed based on specific exclusion criteria and classified into four evidence levels. The results revealed that children who participated in AV therapy can achieve linguistic skills at the same level as their hearing peers. Voice quality seemed positively affected, placing young children with CIs in the normal range for receptive vocabulary development. In contrast, reading skills seemed less benefited. AV therapy seems to contribute to integration into mainstream society. Despite the recorded speech and language improvements of young children with CIs, the aim of AV therapy is still not fulfilled. AV therapy can be seen as the best clinical practice for young children with CIs till now, but the lack of well-controlled studies is undermining.

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