Chronic health conditions and poverty: a cross-sectional study using a multidimensional poverty measure

Abstract Objective To estimate the prevalence of having at least one or two or more chronic health conditions among US adults with self-reported migraine or severe headaches. Design Cross-sectional study. Methods Using data collected from the 2013–2015 National Health Interview Survey, we examined adults with and without migraine or severe headache and associations with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and hypertension. We calculated point estimates, variances, and 95% confidence intervals and conducted bivariate and multivariable logistic regression modeling to examine the relationships between migraine or severe headache and each of the chronic health conditions, as well as multinomial modeling, to examine the relationship between migraine or severe headache and having one or more chronic health conditions. Results A total of 104,926 people were in the study. Adults aged 18 to 44 years (18.2%), women (20.1%), and those with some college education (17.6%) had the greatest proportion with migraine or severe headache (P < 0.0001). Using multinomial modeling with the number of chronic health conditions as the dependent variable, adults reporting migraine had an increased odds of reporting a single chronic health condition (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.6–1.8) and more than double the odds of reporting two or more chronic health conditions (aOR = 2.5, 95% CI = 2.3–2.8) compared with adults who did not have migraine or severe headache. Conclusions Our study confirms observed relationships between migraine or severe headache and chronic health conditions and supports the need for further research to uncover the shared biological pathways.

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Multimorbilidade e Gravidade da Doença Medida pelo Índice de Charlson em Doentes Hospitalizados Durante o Ano de 2015: Estudo Transversal

Acta Médica Portuguesa ◽

10.20344/amp.9728 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Paula Broeiro-Gonçalves ◽

Paulo Nogueira ◽

Pedro Aguiar

Keyword(s):

Disease Severity ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean ◽

Analysis Models

Introduction: The association between multimorbidity and disease severity is not well established. The objectives were to characterise multimorbidity and determine disease severity (trough Charlson), as well as to verify if there is an association between the number and type of disease and the Charlson index.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study based on exported data from the Portuguese National Health Service hospitalisations database, during the year 2015. The study included 22 chronic health conditions: 15 predicted in the Charlson index and seven frequent conditions (hypertension, obesity, dyslipidaemia, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression). The analysis was performed through the generalised linear model, considering binary logistic regression. In the analysis, the IBM SPSS version 24.0 tool was used.Results: The study analysed 800 376 hospitalisations, from which 42% correspond to males. The average age of the sample was 59.8 years, being higher in men (62.3 years). The mean number of problems per person was 1.6, greater in men (1.8). Disease severity was also higher in males. The worst prognosis was associated with six or more conditions per person. The largest predictor of disease severity was the number of problems, followed by dementia and diabetes. Discussion: The results seem to confirm the gender difference regarding morbidity pattern. The number of conditions per person was the greatest predictor of disease severity, particularly the presence of six or more conditions per person.Conclusion: The major limitation was the use of the same medical conditions to measure multimorbidity and disease severity. Other studies and analysis models should explore the complexity of the multimorbidity phenomenon.

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Physical multimorbidity patterns and depressive symptoms: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Japan

Family Medicine and Community Health ◽

10.1136/fmch-2019-000234 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e000234

Author(s):

Takuya Aoki ◽

Yosuke Yamamoto ◽

Sayaka Shimizu ◽

Shunichi Fukuhara

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chronic Health ◽

Japanese Residents ◽

Quota Sampling ◽

Multimorbid Patients

ObjectiveThe associations of physical multimorbidity with depressive symptoms have been investigated in a number of studies. However, whether patterns of chronic physical conditions have comparatively different associations with depressive symptoms remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations of physical multimorbidity patterns with depressive symptoms.DesignThis study was designed as a nationwide cross-sectional survey in Japan.SettingGeneral sample of the Japanese population.ParticipantsAdult Japanese residents were selected by a quota sampling method. Data were analysed from 1788 residents who reported one or more chronic health conditions.ResultsAmong four physical multimorbidity patterns: cardiovascular-renal-metabolic (CRM), skeletal-articular-digestive (SAD), respiratory-dermal (RDE) and malignant-digestive-urologic (MDU), multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that the RDE pattern showed the strongest association with depressive symptoms (aOR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.21 to 2.31 for the pattern score highest quartile, compared with the lowest quartile), followed by SAD and MDU patterns (aOR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.98 for the SAD pattern score highest quartile; 1.41, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.96 for the MDU pattern score highest quartile, compared with the lowest quartile). In contrast, the CRM pattern score was not significantly associated with depressive symptoms (aOR=1.31, 95% CI: 0.90 to 1.89 for the pattern score highest quartile, compared with the lowest quartile).ConclusionsPhysical multimorbidity patterns have different associations with depressive symptoms. Among these patterns, patients with the RDE pattern may be at a higher risk for developing depressive symptoms. This study reinforces the evidence that cluster pattern of chronic health conditions is a useful measure for clinical management of multimorbidity as it is differently associated with mental health status, which is one of the crucial outcomes for multimorbid patients.

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Overweight and obesity and associated factors among medical representatives in Kathmandu valley

Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3126/jmcjms.v7i1.30003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 25-35

Author(s):

K. Upadhyay-Dhungel ◽

Bigyan Adhikari

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Kathmandu Valley ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Background and Objectives: Overweight/obesity is rising problem both in developed and developing countries. This condition is important because it can lead to many chronic health conditions and is responsible for both morbidity and mortality. Medical Representatives (MRs) is one of those jobs which require minimum physical activity with good salary. MRs spends most of the day time meeting doctors of different locations. These factors make them vulnerable to overweight/obesity. Material and Methods: This study is cross sectional study in Kathmandu Valley. MRs of different company were the part of this study. Anthropometric measurements weight and height were used to calculate BMI and BMI was used to classify whether individual was normal or overweight/obesity. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess dietary and other lifestyle factors. Data were analyzed in SPSS to find out relationships between different factors and overweight/obesity. Results: The prevalence of overweight/obesity was found to be 64.93%. Men were significantly more overweight/obese than women. Age, Income and most of the dietary/lifestyles factors were found to be significant with overweight/obesity. Conclusion: Prevalence of overweight/obesity among MR was found to be high. MR job can be considered vulnerable to overweight/obesity because of alteration in many dietary and lifestyle factors.

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Doenças e condições crônicas de saúde, multimorbidade e índice de massa corporal em idosos

Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance ◽

10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n5p509 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 509 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

João De Souza Leal Neto ◽

Aline Rodrigues Barbosa ◽

Vandrize Meneghini

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Living Arrangement ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Self Report ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chronic Health

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n5p509 The aim of this study was to analyze the association between diseases and chronic health conditions, multimorbidity and body mass index (BMI) in older adults from southern Brazil. Epidemiological cross-sectional study, with household basis was carried out with 343 older adults aged 60-79 years, selected by probability sampling and all aged 80 years or older (n=134). Hypertension, diabetes, cancer, chronic pulmonary diseases, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, arthritis, osteoporosis, depression, history of falls and dependency in activities of the daily living were assessed by self-report. Associations between independent variables and BMI (outcome) were tested using simple and multiple linear regression. Participated in the study 270 women (73.2±8.8 years) and 207 men (73.3±9.0 years). After adjustment (age, education, living arrangement, smoking, alcohol consumption, waist circumference, cognitive status and all other disease and chronic health conditions), the associations identified were: hypertension with higher BMI values (β 3.43; 95%CI: 2.38 to 4.48), for women, and chronic pulmonary disease with lower BMI values (β -2.05; 95%CI: -3.50 to -0.60). There was a linear trend between number of diseases and BMI for both sexes. Conclusion: The results showed an independent association between specific chronic diseases and BMI. Monitoring of nutritional status in older adults is important to identify extreme BMI values, especially those with more than two diseases and chronic health conditions.

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Prevalence of parental mental health conditions among children aged 0–16 years in Denmark: A nationwide register-based cross-sectional study

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/14034948211045462 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 140349482110454

Author(s):

Amanda M.S. Christesen ◽

Camilla K. Knudsen ◽

Kirsten Fonager ◽

Martin N. Johansen ◽

Signe Heuckendorff

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Geographical Variation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Condition ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Mental Health Condition ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Parental Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mental Health Conditions

Aim: Parental mental health conditions adversely affect the children. Information on the prevalence of parental mental health conditions is needed to help policymakers allocate resources appropriately. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of children with parental mental health conditions in Denmark and further estimate the age-specific prevalence and geographical variation. Methods: In this nationwide register-based cross-sectional study, we included all children born between 2000 and 2016 if they resided in Denmark on 31 December 2016. Information on both maternal and paternal mental health conditions was retrieved from primary and secondary healthcare registers. Parental mental health conditions were categorised in three severity groups: minor, moderate, and severe. We estimated the proportion of children with parental mental health conditions on 31 December 2016. Results: Of the 1,106,459 children aged 0–16 years, 39.1% had at least one parent with a mental health condition. The prevalence increased with age of the children until the age of six years. Geographical variation in the prevalence ranged from 29.0% to 48.3% in the 98 municipalities. Minor parental mental health conditions (23.5%) were more common than moderate (13.5%) and severe parental mental health conditions (2.2%). Hospital-diagnosed parental mental health conditions were prevalent in 12.8% of the children. Conclusions: Two in five children aged 0–16 years in Denmark have parents with a mental health condition and geographical variation exists. The high prevalence of children with parental mental health conditions is an important public health challenge, which calls for attention.

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Social and early life adversity and chronic health conditions among Tunisian adults

Translational Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1093/tbm/iby126 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 949-958

Author(s):

Sana El Mhamdi ◽

Andrine Lemieux ◽

Manel Ben Fredj ◽

Ines Bouanene ◽

Arwa Ben Salah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Life ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Collective Violence ◽

Cumulative Number ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mediation Effects ◽

Chronic Health

Abstract Early life adversities (ELAs) are shown as significant risk factors for chronic health conditions (CHCs). ELAs include multiple types of abuse such as the social abuse (peer, community, and collective violence). The purpose is to describe the relationship between childhood social abuse and chronic conditions in adulthood among a sample of adults in Tunisia and to investigate the role of obesity and tobacco use as mediators of this association. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Tunisia, from January to June 2016 using the Arabic Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). Items of social abuse (peer violence, witnessing community violence, and exposure to collective violence) were analyzed. A total of 2,120 adults were enrolled. After adjustment for age, gender, and intrafamilial ELA, social adversities were associated significantly with the selected CHC. Experiencing more than two social ELA increase the risk of occurrence of hypertension and coronary diseases. After accounting for the indirect effect of body mass index, statistically significant partial mediation effects were observed for the cumulative number of social ELA as the exposure variable and chronic diseases as the outcome variable (p ≤ .001; % mediated = 44.5%). These findings support an association between many chronic health disorders and childhood social abuse, independently of intrafamilial ACEs.

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Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Comorbidities of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Risk Among a Working Population in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.620799 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Husain Al-Qattan ◽

Hamad Al-Omairah ◽

Khaled Al-Hashash ◽

Fahad Al-Mutairi ◽

Mohammad Al-Mutairat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

High Risk ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Working Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Working Adults ◽

Obstructive Sleep

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects a considerable proportion of adults globally and is associated with elevated morbidity and mortality. Given the lack of epidemiologic data on the burden of OSA in Kuwait, this study sought to estimate its prevalence, associated risk factors, and comorbid conditions among a working population in Kuwait.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of a sample of working adults (n = 651) from public institutions in Kuwait. High/low risk for OSA was ascertained according to the Berlin Questionnaire criteria. Participants self-reported their coexisting health conditions. Associations were assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation; adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated.Results: Overall, 20.0% (130/651) of participants were classified as being at high risk for OSA, with more male than female subjects being at high risk (24.0% [56/233] vs. 17.7% [74/418], P = 0.053), though this difference did not gain statistical significance. Moreover, a high risk for OSA was more common among older and obese subjects. Factors associated with increased prevalence of a high risk for OSA included current smoking status (aPR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.02–2.06), longer hours spent watching television (1.76, 1.10–2.81), and lower self-perceived physical health (2.11, 1.15–3.87). However, decreasing trends in the prevalence of high risk for OSA were observed with frequent engagement in vigorous physical activity and longer nightly sleep duration. Compared to those at a low risk for OSA, the subjects at high risk for OSA were more likely to have insomnia disorder (2.83, 1.81–4.41), diabetes (1.94, 1.15–3.27), hypertension (3.00, 1.75–5.16), and depression (4.47, 1.80–11.08).Conclusion: This study estimated that 1/5 of working adults in Kuwait were at high risk for OSA, and the prevalence varied according to personal characteristics and lifestyle factors. Also, a high risk for OSA classification was associated with multiple comorbid health conditions.

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Modifiable Risk Factors for Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Problems After Hodgkin Lymphoma

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.2021013167 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

AnnaLynn M Williams ◽

Sedigheh Mirzaei Salehabadi ◽

Mengqi Xing ◽

Nicholas Steve Phillips ◽

Matthew Ehrhardt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chronic Health ◽

Modifiable Factors ◽

Task Efficiency

Long-term survivors of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) experience high burden of chronic health morbidities. Correlates of neurocognitive and psychosocial morbidity have not been well established. 1,760 survivors of HL (mean[SD] age 37.5[6.0] years, time since diagnosis 23.6[4.7] years, 52.1% female) and 3,180 siblings (age 33.2[8.5] years, 54.5% female) completed cross-sectional surveys assessing neurocognitive function, emotional distress, quality of life, social attainment, smoking, and physical activity. Treatment exposures were abstracted from medical records. Chronic health conditions were graded according to NCI CTCAE v4.3 (1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=severe/disabling, 4=life-threatening). Multivariable analyses, adjusted for age, sex, and race, estimated relative risk (RR) of impairment in survivors vs. siblings and, among survivors, risk of impairment associated with demographic, clinical, treatment factors and grade 2+ chronic health conditions. Compared with siblings, survivors had significant higher risk (p's<0.05) of neurocognitive impairment (e.g. memory 8.1% vs. 5.7%), anxiety (7.0%%vs. 5.4%),depression (9.1% vs. 7%), unemployment (9.6% vs. 4.4%), and impaired physical/mental quality of life (e.g. physical function 11.2% vs. 3.0%). Smoking was associated with higher risk of impairment in task efficiency (RR=1.56[1.02-2.39]), emotional regulation (RR=1.84[1.35-2.49]), anxiety (RR=2.43[1.51-3.93]), and depression (RR=2.73[1.85-4.04]). Meeting CDC exercise guidelines was associated with lower risk of impairment in task efficiency (RR=0.70[0.52-0.95]), organization (RR=0.60[0.45-0.80]), depression (RR=0.66[0.48-0.92]), and multiple quality of life domains. Cardiovascular and neurologic conditions were associated with impairment in nearly all domains. Survivors of HL are at elevated risk for neurocognitive and psychosocial impairment, and risk is associated with modifiable factors that provide targets for interventions to improve long-term functional outcomes.

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Perceived Treatment Satisfaction and Effectiveness Facilitators Among Patients With Chronic Health Conditions: A Self-Reported Survey

Interactive Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.2196/13029 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. e13029

Author(s):

Kathryn Volpicelli Leonard ◽

Courtney Robertson ◽

Amrita Bhowmick ◽

Leslie Beth Herbert

Keyword(s):

Treatment Satisfaction ◽

Survey Design ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Perceived Effectiveness ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chronic Health ◽

Factors Associated

Background Approximately 50% of patients are nonadherent to prescribed medications. Patient perception regarding medication effectiveness has been linked to improved adherence. However, how patients perceive effectiveness is poorly understood. Objective The aim of this study was to elucidate factors associated with perceived treatment satisfaction and effectiveness among patients with chronic health conditions. Methods We conducted a descriptive study using a cross-sectional survey design. We administered a Web-based survey to participants with migraine, multiple sclerosis (MS), or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients were recruited from established online communities of Health Union. Descriptive statistics, correlations, and comparison tests were used to examine outcomes. Results Data were collected from 1820 patients: 567 with migraine, 717 with MS, and 536 with RA. The majority of participants were female (1644/1820, 90.33%), >40 years old (1462/1820, 80.33%), and diagnosed >5 years ago (1189/1820, 65.33%). Treatment satisfaction and perceived medication effectiveness were highly correlated (r=0.90, P<.01). Overall, three temporal factors were positively correlated with satisfaction or perceived effectiveness: time on current medication (satisfaction rs=0.22, P<.01; effectiveness rs=0.25, P<.01), time since diagnosis (satisfaction rs=0.07, P<.01; effectiveness rs=0.09, P<.01), and time on treatment (effectiveness rs=0.08, P<.01). Conclusions Findings validated the strong relationship between treatment satisfaction and perceived effectiveness. Understanding the (1) positive relationship between time and treatment satisfaction and effectiveness and (2) factors associated with determining medication effectiveness can help clinicians better understand the mindset of patients regarding treatment. Clinicians may be better prepared to elicit patient beliefs, which influence medication adherence, for people diagnosed with chronic health conditions.

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