Trends in HIV prevalence and risk behaviours among men who have sex with men from 2013 to 2017 in Nanjing, China: a consecutive cross-sectional survey

ObjectiveTo examine the trends of HIV prevalence, risk behaviours and HIV testing among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Nanjing.DesignFive consecutive cross-sectional surveys.SettingNanjing, China.Primary and secondary outcome measuresHIV and syphilis prevalence, HIV testing rate and factors associated with HIV infection; demographic characteristics and behaviours.Results649, 669, 577, 633, 503 MSM were recruited from 2013 to 2017. HIV prevalence was 9.9%, 12.3%, 12.5%, 9.8% and 10.1%, respectively. Syphilis prevalence decreased with a range from 10.6% to 5.6%. Risk behaviours like unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) and unprotected virginal sex in the past 6 months decreased, but multiple sex partners and ever used rush popper rose significantly. MSM tested for HIV in the previous year remained stable from 57.0% to 64.1% (P=0.633). Multivariate analysis showed that tested for HIV in the past year was protective factor against HIV infection. MSM who had UAI in the past 6 months, sex role as receptive and dual, diagnosed with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the past year and currently syphilis infected were risk factors for HIV infection.ConclusionsWe observed stable high HIV prevalence, a steady HIV testing rate, decreasing syphilis prevalence and UAI among MSM in Nanjing. However, rush popper use rose dramatically. The HIV preventive strategies for MSM including condom promotion, HIV testing expansion and reduction of rush popper use, STDs screening and standardised treatment should be strengthened.

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Uptake of HIV testing and HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men in Karnataka

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20190189 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 668

Author(s):

Vani Srinivas ◽

Rajesh T. Patil ◽

M. Chandrakantha ◽

T. L. N. Prasad ◽

Sunil D. Khaparde

Keyword(s):

Hiv Testing ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Consistent Condom ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Human Immuno Deficiency Virus ◽

Hiv Test ◽

Post Test ◽

Sex With Men

Background: This paper presents the prevalence of human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) attending integrated counselling and testing Centres (ICTC) in selected districts of Karnataka.Methods: A cross sectional study was done at ICTCs. Men and transgenders coming with referral slips from targeted intervention (TI), non-government organizations (NGOs) were considered as MSMs. The basic demographic data, HIV test result and details of post- test counselling were collected in specific format. Data from 13 districts was obtained from April 2009 to March 2010 and comparing the prevalence of HIV among MSM in HIV sentinel surveillance (HSS).Results: Out of 8,276 MSMs in 13 districts, 2808 (33.9%) visited ICTCs with TI NGOs referral slips and were tested for HIV once in a year. The overall prevalence of HIV was 8.6%. Prevalence was highest (17.3%) among men in the age group of 41 to 45 years, illiterates (11.5%), unemployed (11.2%) and divorced and separated (13.3%) and widowed (13.6%) MSMs. Among those tested, 97.7% of MSM underwent post-test counselling and collected their report. The highest HIV prevalence was among MSMs from Mysore district (20.1%), followed by Udupi (19.9%) and Bagalkot (10.6%). Rest of all the other districts had less than 10% of HIV prevalence.Conclusions: The uptake of HIV testing among the MSM with referral slips was low in Karnataka. The prevalence level differs in various districts. There is need for more focused and effective counselling by peer educators for correct and consistent condom usage among illiterate, widowed and unemployed MSMs.

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HIV and syphilis and sexual risk behaviours among men who have sex with men attending university in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh18231 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 554 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Song Fan ◽

Zuyao Yang ◽

Fengsu Hou ◽

Maohe Yu ◽

Zhenzhou Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Testing ◽

Sexual Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Male Partner ◽

Anal Intercourse ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Risk Behaviours ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Group Sex ◽

Sexual Risk Behaviours

Background This study was conducted to summarise the HIV epidemic, sexual behaviours and HIV testing among men who have sex with men (MSM) attending university in China. Methods: Five databases were searched for student MSM information in English and Chinese language publications. Meta-analyses were performed to calculate the pooled prevalence of HIV and syphilis, pooled mean age at first anal intercourse (AFAI) and the rate of other HIV-related behaviours among MSM attending university in China. Univariate meta-regression and subgroup analysis were conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was measured using Egger’s test. Results: Thirty-three articles representing 31 studies were included in the analysis. The pooled HIV prevalence was 4.1% (95% CI 3.1–5.0%). The estimated AFAI was 18.7 years, but 37.5% of students had their first anal intercourse before 18 years of age. Most (88.2%) had their first sexual intercourse with a male partner. Of the MSM attending university, 4.2% of MSM engaged in commercial sex (either selling or buying sex), 10.3% had ever engaged in group sex, 13.1% had had sex with a female partner in the past month and 10.1% had ever used drugs. Most (77.7%) sought sex partners via geosocial networking gay apps or the Internet, and 42.9% had ever tested for HIV. There was a tendency for an increase in lifetime HIV testing rate from 32% in 2005–07 to 53% in 2014–16. Conclusions: This review found high HIV prevalence, early AFAI and a high prevalence of sexual risk behaviours among MSM attending university in China. Interventions aimed at increasing HIV testing and reducing sexual risk behaviours are urgently needed among this young population.

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Patterns of sexualised recreational drug use and its association with risk behaviours and sexual health outcomes in men who have sex with men in London, UK: a comparison of cross-sectional studies conducted in 2013 and 2016

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

10.1136/sextrans-2019-054139 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 96 (3) ◽

pp. 197-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tyrone J Curtis ◽

Alison J Rodger ◽

Fiona Burns ◽

Anthony Nardone ◽

Andrew Copas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Health ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Risk Behaviours ◽

Hiv Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Past ◽

Unknown Status ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Hiv Negative ◽

Hiv Positive Men

ObjectiveLondon has one of the highest identified prevalence of chemsex (sexualised recreational drug use) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Europe. We examine MSM’s patterns of chemsex and its association with HIV/STI risk behaviours, STI diagnoses and sexual healthcare-seeking behaviours, including if HIV testing behaviour met UK national guidelines (three monthly if engaging in chemsex).MethodsCross-sectional survey data from 2013 (n=905) and 2016 (n=739) were collected using anonymous, self-administered questionnaires from MSM recruited in commercial gay venues in London, UK. Descriptive and multivariable analyses, stratified by self-reported HIV status, were conducted. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) with 95% CIs were calculated.ResultsComparing the 2013 and 2016 surveys, chemsex prevalence in the past year remained stable, in both HIV-negative/unknown-status MSM (20.9% in 2013 vs 18.7% in 2016, p=0.301) and HIV-positive MSM (41.6% in 2013 vs 41.7% in 2016, p=0.992). Combined 2013–2016 data showed that compared with other MSM, those reporting chemsex were more likely to report HIV/STI risk behaviours, including condomless anal intercourse with serodifferent HIV-status partners (HIV-negative/unknown-status men: aPR 2.36, 95% CI 1.68 to 3.30; HIV-positive men: aPR 4.19, 95% CI 1.85 to 9.50), and STI diagnoses in the past year (HIV-negative/unknown-status men: aPR 2.10, 95% CI 1.64 to 2.69; HIV-positive men: aPR 2.56, 95% CI 1.57 to 4.20). 68.6% of HIV-negative/unknown-status men reporting chemsex attended sexual health clinics and 47.6% had tested for HIV more than once in the past year.ConclusionsChemsex in London MSM remained stable but high, particularly among HIV-positive men. Irrespective of HIV status, chemsex was associated with engagement in HIV/STI risk behaviours. Frequency of HIV testing in the past year among HIV-negative/unknown-status men was below national recommendations. Promoting combination prevention strategies, including three monthly HIV/STI testing, access to pre-exposure prophylaxis/antiretroviral treatment and behavioural interventions among MSM reporting chemsex, remains vital to address sexual health inequalities in MSM.

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Barriers to Acceptance of Provider-Initiated Testing and Counseling among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Shenyang, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/280969 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qinghai Hu ◽

Junjie Xu ◽

Zhenxing Chu ◽

Jing Zhang ◽

Ke Yun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Hiv Testing ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Aids Knowledge ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Testing And Counseling ◽

Hiv Aids

A high prevalence of HIV infection is present among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China, but many people living with HIV or AIDS (PLWHs) are unaware of their HIV infection status. Provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) is a streamlined model that can significantly enhance HIV detection and detect infections earlier. However, PITC has not yet been widely applied, and no studies have been conducted on MSM’s attitudes towards PITC in China. In this study, a total of 438 MSM were recruited in Shenyang city. A multivariate logistic regression model showed that certain conditions made MSM more accepting of PITC: those who had attended VCT (voluntary counseling and testing) more than three times (odds ratio [OR]: 2.95, 95% CI: 1.36–6.37), those who considered PITC beneficial for family and friends (OR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.25–2.92), those who obtained HIV/AIDS knowledge from brochures (OR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.64–3.87), those who obtained HIV/AIDS knowledge from the Internet (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.07–2.58), and those who were highly aware of their own risk of being infected with HIV (OR: 2.84, 95% CI: 1.37–5.91). To improve acceptance of PITC among MSM in China, stronger efforts are needed to lower the psychosocial barriers to receiving PITC, to promote HIV/AIDS awareness, and to encourage the extension of HIV testing.

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Internet-Based Sex-Seeking Behavior Promotes HIV Infection Risk: A 6-Year Serial Cross-Sectional Survey to MSM in Shenyang, China

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/2860346 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Shi Pan ◽

Jun-Jie Xu ◽

Xiao-Xu Han ◽

Jing Zhang ◽

Qing-Hai Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

The Internet ◽

Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Seeking Behavior ◽

Sex With Men

HIV prevalence is still rapidly increasing among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM). The Internet also makes it easier for MSM to have casual partners. This study aims to evaluate the trend of Internet-based sex-seeking behavior of MSM and its impact on HIV prevalence, the distribution of HIV subtype strains, and transmitted drug resistance rates. A serial cross-sectional study was conducted from 2009 to 2014. Of the 1,981 MSM, 50.5% (1,000/1,981) mainly sought homosexual partners through the Internet (Internet-based MSM, IBM). The proportion of IBM among total MSM subjects increased from 43.3% to 61.5% (p<0.001). HIV prevalence of IBM increased from 5.7% to 20.7%, while that of non-Internet-based MSM (NIBM) increased from 7.0% to 14.7%. A relative higher proportion of NIBM were infected with HIV CRF01_AE subtype than IBM (79.5% versus 72.2%, p=0.52). Multivariable analysis found IBM had a significantly higher HIV prevalence than NIBM (13.2% versus 10.5%, aOR = 1.4, 95% CI [1.0–1.9]). Being a migrant non-Shenyang resident MSM (aOR = 1.9, 95% CI [1.3–2.9]) and occasionally/never using condoms with casual homosexual partners (aOR = 1.7, 95% CI [1.1–2.6]) were two distinct risk factors for HIV infection in IBM. More efforts should be targeted towards developing interventions aimed at IBM, particularly migrant MSM and who engage in UAI with casual homosexual partners.

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Nitrite Inhalants Use and HIV Infection among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/365261 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dongliang Li ◽

Xueying Yang ◽

Zheng Zhang ◽

Xiao Qi ◽

Yuhua Ruan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Casual Sex ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Past ◽

Logistic Analysis ◽

Independent Association ◽

Blood Specimens ◽

Sex With Men

Objective. This is the first study in China to examine the use of nitrite inhalants and its correlates among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing, China.Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2012. Structured interviews collected data on demographics, sexual and drug use behaviors, and the use of HIV services. Blood specimens were collected and tested for HIV and syphilis.Results. A total of 400 MSM eligible for the study were between 19 and 63 years of age and overall HIV prevalence was 6.0% (9.0% among nitrite inhalant users and 3.3% among nonusers). Nearly half (47.3%) of them reported ever using nitrite inhalants and 42.3% admitted using nitrite inhalants in the past year. Multivariable logistic analysis revealed that ever using nitrite inhalants in the past was independently associated with being aged≤25years, having higher education attainment, seeking sex via Internet, having casual partners in the past three months, and being HIV positive.Conclusion. The use of nitrite inhalants was alarmingly prevalent among MSM in Beijing. The independent association of the nitrite inhalant use with more casual sex partners and HIV infection underscored the need for intervention and prevention of nitrite inhalant use.

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Prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections, and related preventive and risk behaviours, among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver: results from the Engage Study

Can J Public Health ◽

10.17269/s41997-021-00546-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Trevor A. Hart ◽

David M. Moore ◽

Syed W. Noor ◽

Nathan Lachowsky ◽

Daniel Grace ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scale Up ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Risk Behaviours ◽

Syphilis Infection ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

The Past ◽

Sti Testing ◽

History Of ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Exposure Prophylaxis

Abstract Objectives The last Canadian biobehavioural surveillance study of HIV and other sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBI) among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBM) was conducted in 2010. We designed a study to measure STBBI prevalence among GBM in metropolitan Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver and to document related preventive and risk behaviours. Methods The Engage Cohort Study used respondent-driven sampling (RDS) to recruit GBM who reported sex with another man in the past 6 months. At baseline, we examined recruitment characteristics of the samples, and the RDS-II-adjusted distributions of socio-demographics, laboratory-confirmed HIV and other STBBI prevalence, and related behaviours, with a focus on univariate differences among cities. Results A total of 2449 GBM were recruited from February 2017 to August 2019. HIV prevalence was lower in Montreal (14.2%) than in Toronto (22.2%) or Vancouver (20.4%). History of syphilis infection was similar across cities (14–16%). Vancouver had more HIV-negative/unknown participants who reported never being HIV tested (18.6%) than Toronto (12.9%) or Montreal (11.5%). Both Montreal (74.9%) and Vancouver (78.8%) had higher proportions of men who tested for another STBBI in the past 6 months than Toronto (67.4%). Vancouver had a higher proportion of men who used pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the past 6 months (18.9%) than Toronto (11.1%) or Montreal (9.6%). Conclusion The three largest cities of Canada differed in HIV prevalence, STBBI testing and PrEP use among GBM. Our findings also suggest the need for scale-up of both PrEP and STI testing among GBM in Canada.

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Prevalence and Factors Associated With HIV Self-testing Uptake Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Ningbo, China: A Cross-sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-76060/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hang Hong ◽

Hong-bo Shi ◽

Hai-bo Jiang ◽

Hong-jun Dong ◽

Yun-liang Shen

Keyword(s):

Hiv Testing ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sexual Contact ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Past ◽

Self Testing ◽

Sex With Men

Abstract BackgroundHIV testing and early linkage to care are critical for reducing the risk of HIV transmission. HIV self-testing (HIVST) is an useful tool for increasing HIV testing frequency.This study aimed to investigate HIVST rates among men who have sex with men (MSM), the characteristics of MSM who had HIVST, and factors associated with HIVST uptake among MSM in Ningbo, China. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from April to October 2019 in Ningbo,China. Participants were aged at least 18 years and having had sexual contact with men in the past year. Proportions were used for categorical variables. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) for characteristics associated with HIVST uptake was processed by multiple logistic regression models.ResultsAmong a sample of 699 MSM recruited, 38.2% had reported previous use of an HIV self-test kit. A greater proportion of HIVST Users had a higher frequency of HIV testing(≥2 times: 70.0% versus 41.2%, p<0.001) in the past one year. Factor associated with HIVST uptake was gay apps use(AOR=1.86,CI=1.13-3.05), multiple male sex partners (AOR=1.90,CI=1.29-2.80), frequency of male-male sexual contact ≥1 times per week(AOR=1.86, CI=1.30-2.66), syphilis infection(AOR=5.48, CI=2.53-11.88).ConclusionsFurther HIVST education should be strengthened for school-aged children and teenagers, and free HIVST kits may be provided to low-income high-risk MSM through gay apps and NGOs to achieve the increased HIV testing frequency.

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HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men following the implementation of the HIV preventive guideline in Tanzania: respondent-driven sampling survey

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036460 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. e036460

Author(s):

Mwijage Alexander Ishungisa ◽

Kare Moen ◽

Germana Leyna ◽

Neema Makyao ◽

Angela Ramadhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Behavioural Change ◽

Dar Es Salaam ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Respondent Driven Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sex With Men

ObjectivesTo estimate HIV prevalence and associated risk factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania following the implementation of the national comprehensive package of HIV interventions for key population (CHIP).DesignA cross-sectional survey using respondent-driven sampling.SettingDar es Salaam, Tanzania’s largest city.ParticipantsMen who occasionally or regularly have sex with another man, aged 18 years and above and living in Dar es Salaam city at least 6 months preceding the study.Primary outcome measureHIV prevalence was the primary outcome. Independent risk factors for HIV infection were examined using weighted logistics regression modelling.ResultsA total of 777 MSM with a mean age of 26 years took part in the study. The weighted HIV prevalence was 8.3% (95% CI: 6.3%–10.9%) as compared with 22.3% (95% CI: 18.7%–26.4%) observed in a similar survey in 2014. Half of the participants had had sex with more than two partners in the month preceding the survey. Among those who had engaged in transactional sex, 80% had used a condom during last anal sex with a paying partner. Participants aged 25 and above had four times higher odds of being infected than those aged 15–19 years. HIV infection was associated with multiple sexual partnerships (adjusted OR/AOR, 3.0; 95% CI: 1.8–12.0), not having used condom during last sex with non-paying partner (AOR, 4.1; 95% CI: 1.4–7.8) and ever having engaged in group sex (AOR, 3.4; 95% CI: 1.7–3.6).ConclusionHIV prevalence among MSM in Dar es Salaam has decreased by more than a half over the past 5 years, coinciding with implementation of the CHIP. It is nonetheless two times as high as that of men in the general population. To achieve the 2030 goal, behavioural change interventions and roll out of new intervention measures such as pre-exposure prophylaxis are urgently needed.

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HIV PREVALENCE AND SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF MAN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MAN (MSM) IN KHANH HOA PROVINCE 2010

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2012.2.16 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 114-121

Author(s):

That Toan Ton ◽

Xuan Chuong Tran

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Risk Group ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

High Risk Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Sex With Men

Man who have sex with man (MSM) group is a high risk group of HIV infection. There are very rare studies about HIV infection in this group. Objectives: 1. Determine the rate of HIV infection in MSM in Khanh Hoa province 2010. 2. Study some characteristics of MSM in Khanh Hoa province. Materials and Methods: MSM over 16 yrs. live in Khanh Hoa. Cross-sectional study from June 2010 to June 2011. Results: 1. HIV infection in MSM group in Khanh Hoa 2010: 1.3% (rural 0.6%, urban: 3.7%). Marriaged: 3.9%, single: 0.8%; MSM have sex only with men: 0.3%, MSM have sex with men and women: 3.7%. 2. 83.3% of MSM are single (urban more common than rural). The first sex partner: male 82.2%, female 14.9%. Having sex for pay: urban 29.9%, rural 19.3%. Having sex for enjoying: urban 49.5%, rural 71.8%. Conclusions: HIV infection in MSM group in Khanh Hoa 2010: 1.3% (rural 0.6%, urban: 3.7%). Marriaged: 3.9%, single: 0.8%. 83.3% of MSM are single (urban more common than rural). Having sex for enjoying: urban 49.5%, rural 71.8%.

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