scholarly journals Ten-year time trends in preterm birth during a sociodemographic transition period: a retrospective cohort study in Shenzhen, China

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e037266
Author(s):  
Rui Ma ◽  
Yali Luo ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Yanxia Zhou ◽  
Haiyang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Preterm Birth Rate

ObjectivesTo investigate time trends of preterm birth and estimate the contributions of risk factors to the changes in preterm birth rates over a decade (2009–2018) of transitional period in Shenzhen, China.DesignRetrospective cohort study between 2009 and 2018.SettingAll births in Baoan during January 2009 and December 2018 registered in the Shenzhen Birth Registry Database.Participants478 044 live births were included with sociodemographic and medical records for both women and infants.Outcome measuresThe incidence rate of preterm birth stratified by different maternal and infant characteristics. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify significant risk factors associated with preterm birth. The population attributable risk fraction of each factor was calculated to estimate its contribution to variations of preterm birth rate over the 10 years.ResultsA total of 27 829 preterm births from 478 044 (5.8%) live births were recorded and the preterm birth rate increased from 5.5% in 2009 to 6.2% in 2018. Medically induced preterm birth rate increased from 2.0% in 2009 to 3.4% in 2018 while spontaneous preterm labour rate decreased from 3.3% to 2.7% over the decade years. Risk factors including multiple pregnancy (0.28% increase) drove the rise of preterm birth rate, whereas changes in maternal educational attainment (0.22% reduction) and prenatal care utilisation (0.45% reduction) had contributed to the decline in preterm birth rate.ConclusionsAn uptrend of preterm birth rate was observed in an area under rapid sociodemographic transitions during 2009–2018 and the changes were associated with these sociodemographic transitions. Continued investments in girls’ education and prenatal care have the potential of reducing preterm birth rate.

Incidence and risk factors for recurrent spontaneous preterm birth: A retrospective cohort study in Japan

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1708-1714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiko Yamashita ◽  
Shusaku Hayashi ◽  
Masayuki Endo ◽  
Kentaro Okuno ◽  
On Fukui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Spontaneous Preterm Birth

An Analysis of Dental Implants Survival and Success

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2465-2466
Author(s):  
Iustin Olariu ◽  
Roxana Radu ◽  
Teodora Olariu ◽  
Andrada Christine Serafim ◽  
Ramona Amina Popovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Health Related

Osseointegration of a dental implant may encounter a variety of problems caused by various factors, as prior health-related problems, patients� habits and the technique of the implant inserting. Retrospective cohort study of 70 patients who received implants between January 2011- April 2016 in one dental unit, with Kaplan-Meier method to calculate the probability of implants�s survival at 60 months. The analysis included demographic data, age, gender, medical history, behavior risk factors, type and location of the implant. For this cohort the implants�survival for the first 6 months was 92.86% compared to the number of patients and 97.56% compared to the number of total implants performed, with a cumulative failure rate of 2.43% after 60 months. Failures were focused exclusively on posterior mandible implants, on the percentage of 6.17%, odds ratio (OR) for these failures being 16.76 (P = 0.05) compared with other localisations of implants, exclusively in men with median age of 42 years.

scholarly journals Proton pump inhibitors versus histamine-2 receptor blockers for stress ulcer prophylaxis in patients with sepsis: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 030006052110251
Author(s):  
Minqiang Huang ◽  
Ming Han ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Lei Kuang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Stress Ulcer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ulcer Prophylaxis

Objective We aimed to compare the efficacy and risks of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) versus histamine-2 receptor blocker (H2B) use for stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) in critically ill patients with sepsis and risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we used the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III Clinical Database to identify critically ill adult patients with sepsis who had at least one risk factor for GIB and received either an H2B or PPI for ≥48 hours. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to balance baseline characteristics. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Results After 1:1 PSM, 1056 patients were included in the H2B and PPI groups. The PPI group had higher in-hospital mortality (23.8% vs. 17.5%), GIB (8.9% vs. 1.6%), and pneumonia (49.6% vs. 41.6%) rates than the H2B group. After adjusting for risk factors of GIB and pneumonia, PPI use was associated with a 1.28-times increased risk of in-hospital mortality, 5.89-times increased risk of GIB, and 1.32-times increased risk of pneumonia. Conclusions Among critically ill adult patients with sepsis at risk for GIB, SUP with PPIs was associated with higher in-hospital mortality and higher risk of GIB and pneumonia than H2Bs.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Daptomycin-Induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia in a Population with Osteoarticular Infection

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Laura Soldevila-Boixader ◽  
Bernat Villanueva ◽  
Marta Ulldemolins ◽  
Eva Benavent ◽  
Ariadna Padulles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Eosinophilic Pneumonia ◽  
Severe Adverse Effect ◽  
Osteoarticular Infection

Background: Daptomycin-induced eosinophilic pneumonia (DEP) is a rare but severe adverse effect and the risk factors are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for DEP. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed at the Bone and Joint Infection Unit of the Hospital Universitari Bellvitge (January 2014–December 2018). To identify risk factors for DEP, cases were divided into two groups: those who developed DEP and those without DEP. Results: Among the whole cohort (n = 229) we identified 11 DEP cases (4.8%) and this percentage almost doubled in the subgroup of patients ≥70 years (8.1%). The risk factors for DEP were age ≥70 years (HR 10.19, 95%CI 1.28–80.93), therapy >14 days (7.71, 1.98–30.09) and total cumulative dose of daptomycin ≥10 g (5.30, 1.14–24.66). Conclusions: Clinicians should monitor cumulative daptomycin dosage to minimize DEP risk, and be cautious particularly in older patients when the total dose of daptomycin exceeds 10 g.

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