OP83 Contribution of Behavioural Risk Factors and Socio-Economic Position to Mortality in British South Asian and European Adults: 17 year follow-up of the Newcastle Heart Project Cohort

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A39.1-A39
Author(s):  
A Tran ◽  
L Hayes ◽  
R McNally ◽  
N Unwin ◽  
R Bhopal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors ◽  
Economic Position

Abstract 16217: Culturally-tailored Team-based Preventive Cardiology Program Improves Cardiovascular Risk for South Asian Patients

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keon Pearson ◽  
Vijaya Parameswaran ◽  
Destini Gibbs-Curtis ◽  
Austin Johnson ◽  
Kiranbir Josan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
South Asian ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Preventive Cardiology ◽  
Culturally Tailored

Introduction: South Asians (SA) have a two times greater prevalence of CAD and metabolic syndrome (MetS) than matched Europeans. Diet and physical activity may be best addressed through culturally-tailored interventions. The Stanford South Asian Translational Heart Initiative (SSATHI) was designed to help SA better understand and improve their risk factors. We tested the hypothesis that a team-based and culturally-tailored clinical intervention for SA would result in a reduction in MetS risk factors. Methods: Patients underwent an initial assessment consisting of fasting lipid profile, advanced lipid studies (lipid fractionation, lp (a), apoA1, apoB), inflammatory markers (high sensitivity CRP, homocysteine), and A1c. All non-diabetics underwent two-hour OGTT. Following initial assessment by a cardiologist, a registered dietician developed a personalized nutrition plan based on SA cuisine. Results: A total of 395 patients were seen between July, 2011 and July, 2019. Of these, 198 (50%) completed at least two cardiologist visits with baseline and follow up labs. Patients had an average age of 45.5 years and 86% were male. At baseline, SSATHI patients had a mean BMI of 26.4 (IQR = 23.9-28.8), 52% of patients had total cholesterol greater than 190 mg/dl, 21% had systolic BP > 140 mmHg, and 13% had diastolic BP > 90 mmHg. During an average follow-up of 11.8 ± 9.2 months, diastolic BP declined from 80.9 ± 9.32 to 78.9 ± 7.6 mmHg (p = 0.028), total cholesterol decreased from 190.4 ± 46.4 to 153.4 ± 63.7 mg/dl (p < 0.001), total triglycerides declined from 137.1 ± 87.1 to 100.2 ± 67.5 mg/dl (p < 0.001), and LDL declined from 120.4 ± 40.0 to 92.3 ± 46.4 mg/dl (p <0.001). HDL declined from 49.0 ± 15.4 to 44.5 ± 19.8 mg/dl (p = 0.022). ASCVD and A1c were not significantly different. Conclusion: A team-based and culturally-informed program targeted to South Asian populations may help improve cardiometabolic risk factors but may be limited by program attrition and generalizability.

Abstract 3837: Vascular Risk Profiles and Cognitive Impairment in a 20-year Follow-up of Three Ethnic Groups: the Southall and Brent REvisited (SABRE) Cohort

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stewart ◽  
Therese Tillin ◽  
Nish Chaturvedi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Risk Profiles ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: There is substantial ethnic variation in vascular risk profiles and their outcomes. For example, stroke risk is raised by 50-100% in Black and South Asian compared to White UK residents but is more strongly associated with diabetes than hypertension in the former two groups. Associations with cognitive outcomes have not been previously compared. Hypothesis: Mid-life hypertension and diabetes will be more strongly associated with later life cognitive impairment in Black and South Asian compared to White residents. Methods: SABRE is a UK community based tri-ethnic (White, Black and South Asian) cohort of male and female London residents aged 40-69 years at baseline (1988-1990), and 58-86 years at follow up (2008-2011). Hypertension at baseline (resting blood pressure >140/90 or antihypertensive treatment) and diabetes at either exam were investigated in relation to cognitive impairment at follow-up. Cognitive impairment was ascertained as the lowest 10% of averaged z-scores calculated separately within the 3 ethnic groups for 9 tests: immediate and delayed word list recall, digit span forwards and backwards, verbal fluency, Color Trailmaking Tests A and B, delayed visual recall and the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia. Age, gender and years of education were entered as covariates. Results: Prospective data were analysed on 570 White, 432 South Asian and 185 Black residents. Baseline hypertension prevalences in these three groups were 14.8%, 27.1% and 37.2% respectively and diabetes prevalences were 19.5%, 43.4% and 41.3% respectively. Hypertension (p=0.005) and diabetes (p=0.029) were associated with follow-up cognitive impairment after full adjustment. On stratifying by ethnic group, no significant associations were found in White participants, hypertension was only associated with cognitive impairment in South Asians and diabetes only in Black participants. Hypertension and diabetes in combination were associated with cognitive impairment to a similar extent in both South Asian and Black participants, but not in Europeans. Conclusion: Vascular risk factors vary in their impact on cognitive impairment between ethnic groups which may reflect underlying differences in risk profiles and modification of their impact on end-organ damage. Multi-ethnic cohorts present a valuable opportunity for investigating more heterogeneous risk profiles and better clarifying mechanisms underlying the impact of individual risk factors.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Position and Type 2 Diabetes Risk Factors: Patterns in UK Children of South Asian, Black African-Caribbean and White European Origin

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e32619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Thomas ◽  
Claire M. Nightingale ◽  
Angela S. Donin ◽  
Alicja R. Rudnicka ◽  
Christopher G. Owen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
European Origin ◽  
Black African ◽  
Diabetes Risk Factors ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
Economic Position

Abstract P126: Comparing Cardiovascular Risk Factor Progression Between South Asian Men and Women With Diabetes: A Longitudinal Analysis From the Masala Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manasi Deshpandey ◽  
Chiung-Yu Huang ◽  
Namratha Kandula ◽  
Alka M Kanaya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Asian Men

Introduction: South Asians have a high incidence of type 2 diabetes(DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Women with DM may have greater CVD risk compared to men with DM and women without DM. No study has determined whether the incidence or progression of coronary artery calcium (CAC) score, a measure of atherosclerosis burden, differs between South Asian men and women with DM. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that CAC progression is greater in women with DM as compared to men with DM and women without DM. Methods: We used the data from the MASALA study, a community-based prospective cohort of South Asians from 2 clinical sites without CVD at baseline. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of diabetic participants who were reassessed after 5 years and compared with those without diabetes. We classified incident CAC as any CAC at exam 2 in a participant who had no CAC at baseline. To examine the progression of CVD risk factors over time, we compared change in CAC score, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c and lipid levels amongst the diabetic and non-diabetic population by sex. We conducted multivariable linear regression models stratified by diabetes status to determine whether sex was independently associated with change in CAC score and other CVD risk factors. Results: Of 749 participants who were seen in follow-up, 176 (23%) had diabetes at baseline, 65% were men, and mean age was 58 years. Approximately 64% women with DM vs. 28% men with DM had CAC=0, and men had higher median CAC score (49 (IQR 0-247) vs. 0 (IQR 0-46, p<0.001). After mean follow-up of 4.8±0.8 years, incident CAC did not differ between men and women with diabetes (p=0.85). Progression of CAC was greater in men with DM (94, IQR 13-290) compared to women with DM (0, IQR 0-30) (p <0.001). Baseline statin and aspirin use was lower in women with DM (statins: 37% in women vs. 56% in men, p<0.001; aspirin 16% in women vs. 43% in men, p<0.001). In multivariable models, the fold-change in CAC in women (0.22, 95% CI 0.10 - 0.47) was lower than in men (4.54, 95% CI 2.08 - 9.89) and comparable to women without DM (0.30 95%CI 0.21 -0.43), after adjusting for age, baseline CAC, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total and LDL cholesterol, duration of diabetes, smoking and any medication use (statin, diabetes, or hypertension med). Sex was not associated with change in any CVD risk factor among those with diabetes; but women without DM had greater change in total and LDL cholesterol and waist circumference than men without DM. Conclusion: In this South Asian population, change in CAC score was lower in women with DM than in men with DM, and was comparable to women without DM. These results suggest among South Asians with DM, overall CVD risk may be greater in men than in women.Continued follow-up of the MASALA cohort will determine whether there are sex differences in CVD outcomes.

Behavioural risk factors for HIV infection amongst blood donors in London

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Cowan ◽  
A. M. Johnson ◽  
J. Wadsworth ◽  
M. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors

Complementary Effects of Multivitamin and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Indices of Cardiovascular Health in Individuals with Elevated Homocysteine

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Earnest ◽  
S. Kupper ◽  
M. Thompson ◽  
Guo ◽  
S. Church
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Fatty Acid Supplementation ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Daily Ingestion

Homocysteine (HCY), C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and triglycerides (TG) are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). While multivitamins (MVit) may reduce HCY and hsCRP, omega-3 fatty acids (N3) reduce TG; yet, they are seldom studied simultaneously. We randomly assigned 100 participants with baseline HCY (> 8.0 umol/L) to the daily ingestion of: (1) placebo, (2) MVit (VitC: 200 mg; VitE: 400 IU; VitB6: 25 mg; Folic Acid: 400 ug; VitB12: 400 ug) + placebo, (3) N3 (2 g N3, 760 mg EPA, 440 mg DHA)+placebo, or (4) MVit + N3 for 12 weeks. At follow-up, we observed significant reductions in HCY (umol/L) for the MVit (- 1.43, 95 %CI, - 2.39, - 0.47) and MVit + N3 groups (- 1.01, 95 %CI, - 1.98, - 0.04) groups, both being significant (p < 0.05) vs. placebo (- 0.57, 95 %CI, - 1.49, 0.35) and N3 (1.11, 95 % CI, 0.07, 2.17). hsCRP (nmol/L) was significantly reduced in the MVit (- 6.00, 95 %CI, - 1.04, - 0.15) and MVit + N3 (- 0.98, 95 %CI, - 1.51, - 0.46) groups, but not vs. placebo (- 0.15, 95 %CI, - 0.74, 0.43) or N3 (- 0.53, 95 %CI, - 1.18, 0.12). Lastly, we observed significant reductions in TG for the N3 (- 0.41, 95 %CI, - 0.69, - 0.13) and MVit + N3 (- 0.71, 95 %CI, - 0.93, - 0.46) groups, both significant vs. placebo (- 0.10, 95 %CI, - 0.36, 0.17) and MVit groups (0.15, 95 %CI, - 12, 0.42). The co-ingestion of MVit + N3 provides synergistic affects on HCY, hsCRP, and plasma TG.

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