scholarly journals Work-focused interventions that promote the labour market transition of young adults with chronic disabling health conditions: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Arif Jetha ◽  
Robert Shaw ◽  
Adrienne R Sinden ◽  
Quenby Mahood ◽  
Monique AM Gignac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Career Advancement ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Market Transition ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Competitive Employment

ObjectiveYoung adulthood is an important transitional life phase where careers are established. Young adults with chronic disabling health conditions are underrepresented in the labour market. Our study aims to examine the effectiveness of work-focused interventions that support the labour market transition of young adults with chronic disabling health conditions; and to examine whether the effectiveness of work-focused interventions differ across work transition phase (eg, preparation, entry and sustaining work, employment advancement) and disability type.MethodsA systematic review of articles published between January 1990 and July 2018 was conducted. Medline, EMBASE and PsycInfo were searched, and titles/abstracts and full texts of articles were reviewed for eligibility. Relevant articles were appraised for methodological quality. A best evidence synthesis was applied to medium-quality/high-quality studies to develop recommendations.Results5816 articles were identified; 10 articles were relevant and of moderate–high methodological quality. Six intervention categories were identified which focused on young adults with mental health or intellectual/learning disabilities (n=3) and addressed employment preparation (n=10) and/or work entry (n=9). No interventions addressed at-work issues or career advancement. Strong evidence existed for tailored supported employment (SE) interventions having a positive impact on preparation and entry into competitive employment. Also, moderate evidence existed for the positive impact of SE on preparation and entry into competitive employment for young adults with mental health conditions.ConclusionsTailored SE is recommended to foster preparation and entry into the labour market. Evidence-based interventions are needed to facilitate sustained work and career advancement of young adults living with different disabling health conditions.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of vocational interventions for gaining paid work for people living with mild to moderate mental health conditions: systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e039699
Author(s):  
Joanna K Fadyl ◽  
David Anstiss ◽  
Kirk Reed ◽  
Mariya Khoronzhevych ◽  
William M M Levack
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Competitive Employment ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Quality Evidence

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of vocational interventions to help people living with mild to moderate mental health conditions gain paid work.MethodsSystematic review of international, peer-reviewed literature. Development of the prepublished protocol and search strategy was done in consultation with stakeholder reference groups consisting of people with lived experience of long-term conditions, advocates and clinicians. We searched academic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, AMED, CINAHL, Proquest Dissertations and Theses database, and Business Source Complete for controlled trials comparing a specific vocational intervention against a control intervention or usual care, published between 1 January 2004 and 1 August 2019. Two authors independently screened search results, extracted data and appraised studies using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.ResultsEleven studies met inclusion criteria. Seven studies investigated Individual Placement and Support (IPS) modified for people who were not in intensive mental health treatment services. These studies occurred settings such as community vocational rehabilitation services, a housing programme and community mental health services. The studies provided very low quality evidence that people who receive IPS-style vocational rehabilitation are more likely to gain competitive employment than people who receive usual care (risk ratio 1.70, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.34, seven studies, 1611 participants). The remaining four studies considered cognitive behavioural therapy or specific vocational rehabilitation interventions designed to fit a unique context. There was insufficient evidence from these studies to draw conclusions regarding the effectiveness of non-IPS forms of vocational rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate mental health conditions.DiscussionThe meta-analysis showed a clear intervention effect but low precision, and more high-quality studies are needed in this field. There is currently very low quality evidence that IPS-style intervention results in more participants in competitive employment compared with ‘usual care’ control groups in populations with mild to moderate mental health conditions.

scholarly journals Plant power? A systematic review of the effects of plant-based diets on people with mental illness

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Catt ◽  
Jane Beenstock ◽  
Ummaz Nadeem ◽  
Adam Joiner
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Positive Effects

Objective There is increasing interest in plant-based diets in the general population and an increasing evidence base for the positive impact of plant-based diets on health outcomes for many chronic diseases. This systematic review aims to identify the effects of plant-based diets on people with mental health conditions. Methods A systematic review of intervention and observational studies. We conducted a systematic electronic search of MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), PsycINFO (ProQuest), British Nursing Index (ProQuest), CINAHL (EBSCO) and the Cochrane library to April 2019, with no date limits. We extracted data on outcomes and assessed the studies for bias using validated tools. Results We retrieved 588 studies. One study met the inclusion criteria with high risk of bias. The intervention was a plant-based diet for people with moderate to severe depression, without a control group. The study recruited 500 people, but recorded 66.8% attrition. Of the completers, 62% reported improvements in depressive symptoms, and 59% in anxiety symptoms. Completers lost 5.7lbs (2.6kg) during the trial and 15lb (6.8kg) at six month follow up. Conclusion There is not enough research to make conclusions about the effects of plant-based diets on people with mental health conditions. Given the evidence for positive effects of plant-based diets on physical health, further research is urgently required to understand the effects on people with mental health conditions. This will support the provision of advice and guidance for patients with mental illness who want to optimise their diet to improve their mental and physical health. PROSPERO registration: CRD42019133440

Career Services for Young Adults with Serious Mental Health Conditions: Innovations in the Field

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marsha Langer Ellison ◽  
Sloan Smith Huckabee ◽  
Rachel A. Stone ◽  
Kathryn Sabella ◽  
Michelle G. Mullen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Career Services ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Serious Mental Health Conditions

scholarly journals Examining the Association and Directionality between Mental Health Disorders and Substance Use among Adolescents and Young Adults in the U.S. and Canada—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarvenaz Esmaeelzadeh ◽  
John Moraros ◽  
Lilian Thorpe ◽  
Yelena Bird
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The U.S

Background: The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the association and directionality between mental health disorders and substance use among adolescents and young adults in the U.S. and Canada. Methods: The following databases were used: Medline, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. Meta-analysis used odds ratios as the pooled measure of effect. Results: A total of 3656 studies were screened and 36 were selected. Pooled results showed a positive association between depression and use of alcohol (odds ratio (OR) = 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24–1.83), cannabis (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.10–1.51), and tobacco (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.43–1.92). Significant associations were also found between anxiety and use of alcohol (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.19–2.00), cannabis (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.02–1.81), and tobacco (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.54–3.17). A bidirectional relationship was observed with tobacco use at baseline leading to depression at follow-up (OR = 1.87, CI = 1.23–2.85) and depression at baseline leading to tobacco use at follow-up (OR = 1.22, CI = 1.09–1.37). A unidirectional relationship was also observed with cannabis use leading to depression (OR = 1.33, CI = 1.19–1.49). Conclusion: This study offers insights into the association and directionality between mental health disorders and substance use among adolescents and young adults. Our findings can help guide key stakeholders in making recommendations for interventions, policy and programming.

scholarly journals Bibliotherapy as a Non-pharmaceutical Intervention to Enhance Mental Health in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review and Bioethical Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Monroy-Fraustro ◽  
Isaac Maldonado-Castellanos ◽  
Mónica Aboites-Molina ◽  
Susana Rodríguez ◽  
Perla Sueiras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Road Maps

Background: A non-pharmaceutical treatment offered as psychological support is bibliotherapy, which can be described as the process of reading, reflecting, and discussing literature to further a cognitive shift. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic demands a response to prevent a peak in the prevalence of mental health problems and to avoid the collapse of mental health services, which are scarce and inaccessible due to the pandemic. Thus, this study aimed to review articles on the effectiveness of bibliotherapy on different mental health problems.Methods: A systematic review was conducted to examine relevant studies that assess the effectiveness of bibliotherapy in different clinical settings as a treatment capable of enhancing a sense of purpose and its surrounding values. To achieve this, a systematic review, including a bioethical meta-analysis, was performed. A variant of the PICO (Participants, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) model was used for the search strategy, and the systematic review was conducted in three databases: PubMed, Bireme, and OVID. Inclusion criteria were relevant studies that included the keywords, excluding documents with irrelevant topics, studies on subjects 15 years or younger, and in languages besides Spanish or English. Starting with 707 studies, after three rounds of different quality criteria, 13 articles were selected for analysis, including a hermeneutic analysis, which was followed by a fourth and final recovery round assessing bibliotherapy articles concerning healthcare workers.Results: Our findings showed that through bibliotherapy, patients developed several capacities, including the re-signification of their own activities through a new outlook of their moral horizon. There are no research road maps serving as guides to conduct research on the use of bibliotherapy to enhance mental health. Additionally, values such as autonomy and justice were closely linked with positive results in bibliotherapy. This implies that bibliotherapy has the potential to have a positive impact in different settings.Conclusions: Our contribution is to offer a road map that presents state-of-the-art bibliotherapy research, which will assist institutions and healthcare professionals to plan clinical and specific interventions with positive outcomes.

scholarly journals The Acceptability and Usability of Digital Health Interventions for Adults With Depression, Anxiety, and Somatoform Disorders: Qualitative Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis

10.2196/16228 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. e16228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shireen Patel ◽  
Athfah Akhtar ◽  
Sam Malins ◽  
Nicola Wright ◽  
Emma Rowley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
World Population ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
The Individual

Background The prevalence of mental health disorders continues to rise, with almost 4% of the world population having an anxiety disorder and almost 3.5% having depression in 2017. Despite the high prevalence, only one-third of people with depression or anxiety receive treatment. Over the last decade, the use of digital health interventions (DHIs) has risen rapidly as a means of accessing mental health care and continues to increase. Although there is evidence supporting the effectiveness of DHIs for the treatment of mental health conditions, little is known about what aspects are valued by users and how they might be improved. Objective This systematic review aimed to identify, appraise, and synthesize the qualitative literature available on service users’ views and experiences regarding the acceptability and usability of DHIs for depression, anxiety, and somatoform disorders. Methods A systematic search strategy was developed, and searches were run in 7 electronic databases. Qualitative and mixed methods studies published in English were included. A meta-synthesis was used to interpret and synthesize the findings from the included studies. Results A total of 24 studies were included in the meta-synthesis, and 3 key themes emerged with descriptive subthemes. The 3 key themes were initial motivations and approaches to DHIs, personalization of treatment, and the value of receiving personal support in DHIs. The meta-synthesis suggests that participants’ initial beliefs about DHIs can have an important effect on their engagement with these types of interventions. Personal support was valued very highly as a major component of the success of DHIs. The main reason for this was the way it enabled individual personalization of care. Conclusions Findings from the systematic review have implications for the design of future DHIs to improve uptake, retention, and outcomes in DHIs for depression, anxiety, and somatoform disorders. DHIs need to be personalized to the specific needs of the individual. Future research should explore whether the findings could be generalized to other health conditions.

scholarly journals Systematic review of healthcare costs related to mental health conditions among cancer survivors

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaya S. Khushalani ◽  
Jin Qin ◽  
John Cyrus ◽  
Natasha Buchanan Lunsford ◽  
Sun Hee Rim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Mental Health Conditions

Mental Health among Children and Young Adults with Visual Impairments: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 411-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liv Berit Augestad
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Over Time

Introduction The purpose of this study was to summarize current scientific knowledge relating to the occurrence of mood disorders among children with visual impairments. Methods A systematic review was conducted of articles published between January 1998 and July 2016, inclusive. A total of 17 publications met the inclusion criteria, of which 15 reported studies with a cross-sectional design. The 17 publications represent 13 countries. Results The majority of the studies suggested that children and young adults with visual impairments had more emotional problems than did their sighted peers. In addition, girls with visual impairments more often experienced serious symptoms of depression and anxiety than did boys with visual impairments, a finding that was in line with results for the general population. Two studies with a longitudinal design suggested that emotional problems among children and young adults with visual impairments might lessen over time. Discussion Due to the different research purposes, study designs, definitions of visual impairment, participants’ age ranges, cultures, countries, small sample sizes, measurements, and analyses of mental health, the overall results of the reviewed studies were inconsistent. To give children the best opportunities for good mental health, there is a need for more knowledge and for further longitudinal and randomized studies of high quality. Implications for practitioners Social support, friendship, and independence in mobility seem to be important for enhancing the mental health of all children. Children with earlier onset and more severe visual impairments may be less likely to experience a reduction in their mental health problems over time.

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