scholarly journals Plant power? A systematic review of the effects of plant-based diets on people with mental illness

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Catt ◽  
Jane Beenstock ◽  
Ummaz Nadeem ◽  
Adam Joiner
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Positive Effects

Objective There is increasing interest in plant-based diets in the general population and an increasing evidence base for the positive impact of plant-based diets on health outcomes for many chronic diseases. This systematic review aims to identify the effects of plant-based diets on people with mental health conditions. Methods A systematic review of intervention and observational studies. We conducted a systematic electronic search of MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), PsycINFO (ProQuest), British Nursing Index (ProQuest), CINAHL (EBSCO) and the Cochrane library to April 2019, with no date limits. We extracted data on outcomes and assessed the studies for bias using validated tools. Results We retrieved 588 studies. One study met the inclusion criteria with high risk of bias. The intervention was a plant-based diet for people with moderate to severe depression, without a control group. The study recruited 500 people, but recorded 66.8% attrition. Of the completers, 62% reported improvements in depressive symptoms, and 59% in anxiety symptoms. Completers lost 5.7lbs (2.6kg) during the trial and 15lb (6.8kg) at six month follow up. Conclusion There is not enough research to make conclusions about the effects of plant-based diets on people with mental health conditions. Given the evidence for positive effects of plant-based diets on physical health, further research is urgently required to understand the effects on people with mental health conditions. This will support the provision of advice and guidance for patients with mental illness who want to optimise their diet to improve their mental and physical health. PROSPERO registration: CRD42019133440

Data visualization in chronic neurological and mental health condition self-management: a systematic review of user perspectives (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Polhemus ◽  
Jan Novak ◽  
Shazmin Majid ◽  
Sara Simblett ◽  
Stuart Bruce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Visualization ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Visualization Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Data Visualizations

BACKGROUND Remote measurement technology (RMT) such as mobile health devices and applications, are increasingly used by those living with chronic neurological and mental health conditions. RMT enables real-world data collection and regular feedback, providing users with insights about their own conditions. Data visualizations are an integral part of RMT, though little is known about visualization design preferences from the perspectives of those living with chronic conditions. OBJECTIVE Explore the experiences and preferences of individuals with chronic neurological and mental health conditions on data visualizations derived from RMT to manage health. METHODS In this systematic review, we searched peer-reviewed literature and conference proceedings (PubMed, IEEE Xplore, EMBASE, Web of Science, ACM Computer-Human Interface proceedings, and the Cochrane Library) for original articles published between January 2007 and February 2020 that reported perspectives on data visualization of people living with chronic neurological and mental health conditions. Two reviewers independently screened each abstract and full-text article, with disagreements resolved through discussion. Studies were critically appraised and extracted data underwent thematic synthesis. RESULTS We identified 28 eligible publications from 24 studies representing 11 conditions. Coded data coalesced into four themes: desire for data visualization, the impact of visualizations on condition management, visualizations as data reporting tools, and visualization design considerations. Data visualizations were viewed an integral part of users’ experiences with RMT, impacting satisfaction and engagement. However, user preferences were diverse and often conflicting, both between and within conditions. CONCLUSIONS When used effectively, data visualizations are valuable, engaging components of RMT. They can provide structure and insight, allowing individuals to manage their own health more effectively. However, visualizations are not “one-size-fits-all,” and it is important to engage with potential user during visualization design to understand when, how, and with whom the visualizations will be used to manage health.

scholarly journals Barriers to monitoring and management of cardiovascular and metabolic health of patients prescribed antipsychotic drugs: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruba Azfr Ali ◽  
Zahraa Jalal ◽  
Vibhu Paudyal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Mental Health Conditions

Abstract Background The use of atypical antipsychotics which currently form the primary choice pharmacotherapy for several mental health conditions have been linked to cardiovascular and metabolic side effects. This systematic review aimed to investigate the barriers to monitoring and management of cardiovascular co-morbidities in patients prescribed antipsychotic medicines. Methods A protocol-led (CRD-42018106002) systematic literature review was conducted by searching Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO databases 2003 until October 2019. Cochrane, Centre for Review and Dissemination (CRD) and PRISMA guidelines were followed. Studies investigating barriers to monitoring and management of cardiovascular co-morbidities in patients prescribed antipsychotic medicines were included. Results A total of 23 records were included. Key barriers included a) health-care system-related factors such as lack of knowledge and expertise amongst care providers, available resources, confusion around remit and roles, fragmentation of care such as across general practitioners and psychiatrists, and time constraints and b) patient-related factors such as disability resulting from mental health conditions, knowledge and skills of the patients. Conclusion Barriers to monitoring and management of cardiovascular and metabolic health of patients taking antipsychotic medicines are multidimensional. Apart from educational interventions directed to both patients and health-care professionals, the results suggest a need for the improvement of wider system-related factors to improve physical health of patients prescribed antipsychotic medicines. Clearer guidelines, clarity of remit and roles amongst service providers are necessary in addition to educational interventions directed at patients and health-care professionals in improving physical health monitoring, counselling and management of patients prescribed antipsychotic medicines. Trial registration A protocol was developed and registered with PROSPERO as per PRISMA-P guidelines (CRD 42018106002).

scholarly journals Systematic review of healthcare costs related to mental health conditions among cancer survivors

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaya S. Khushalani ◽  
Jin Qin ◽  
John Cyrus ◽  
Natasha Buchanan Lunsford ◽  
Sun Hee Rim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Mental Health Conditions

Police Violence among Adults Diagnosed with Mental Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Hyun-Jin Jun ◽  
Jordan E DeVylder ◽  
Lisa Fedina
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Violence Exposure ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Police Violence ◽  
Mental Health Conditions

Abstract Police violence is reportedly common among those diagnosed with mental disorders characterized by the presence of psychotic symptoms or pronounced emotional lability. Despite the perception that people with mental illness are disproportionately mistreated by the police, there is relatively little empirical research on this topic. A cross-sectional general population survey was administered online in 2017 to 1,000 adults in two eastern U.S. cities to examine the relationship between police violence exposure, mental disorders, and crime involvement. Results from hierarchical logistic regression and mediation analyses revealed that a range of mental health conditions are broadly associated with elevated risk for police violence exposure. Individuals with severe mental illness are more likely than the general population to be physically victimized by police, regardless of their involvement in criminal activities. Most of the excess risk of police violence exposure related to common psychiatric diagnoses was explained by confounding factors including crime involvement. However, crime involvement may necessitate more police contact, but does not necessarily justify victimization or excessive force (particularly sexual and psychological violence). Findings support the need for adequate training for police officers on how to safely interact with people with mental health conditions, particularly severe mental illness.

scholarly journals Effect of electronic health interventions on metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e036927
Author(s):  
Dandan Chen ◽  
Zhihong Ye ◽  
Jing Shao ◽  
Leiwen Tang ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Biochemical Indicators ◽  
Positive Effects

ObjectiveWe aimed to examine whether eHealth interventions can effectively improve anthropometric and biochemical indicators of patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsPubMed, the Web of Science, Embase, Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Wanfang and Weipu databases were comprehensively searched for papers that were published from database inception to May 2019. Articles were included if the participants were metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients, the participants received eHealth interventions, the participants in the control group received usual care or were wait listed, the outcomes included anthropometric and biochemical indicators of MetS, and the study was a randomised controlled trial (RCT) or a controlled clinical trial (CCT). The Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies was used to assess the methodological quality of the included articles. The meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager V.5.3 software.ResultsIn our review, seven RCTs and two CCTs comprising 935 MetS participants met the inclusion criteria. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that eHealth interventions resulted in significant improvements in body mass index (standardised mean difference (SMD)=−0.36, 95% CI (−0.61 to −0.10), p<0.01), waist circumference (SMD=−0.47, 95% CI (−0.84 to −0.09), p=0.01) and systolic blood pressure(SMD=−0.35, 95% CI (−0.66 to −0.04), p=0.03) compared with the respective outcomes associated with the usual care or wait-listed groups. Based on the included studies, we found significant effects of the eHealth interventions on body weight. However, we did not find significant positive effects of the eHealth interventions on other metabolic parameters.ConclusionsThe results indicated that eHealth interventions were beneficial for improving specific anthropometric outcomes, but did not affect biochemical indicators of MetS. Therefore, whether researchers adopt eHealth interventions should be based on the purpose of the study. More rigorous studies are needed to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals The impact of eHealth group interventions on the mental, behavioral, and physical health of adults: a systematic review protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L. Currie ◽  
Richard Larouche ◽  
M. Lauren Voss ◽  
Erin K. Higa ◽  
Rae Spiwak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Group Counseling ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background COVID-19 has resulted in an increased demand for eHealth services globally. There is emerging evidence for the efficacy for group eHealth interventions that support population-based mental health and wellbeing, but a systematic review is lacking. The primary objective of this systematic review is to summarize the evidence for eHealth group counseling and coaching programs for adults. A second objective is to assess, within studies selected for our primary objective, the impact of programs that encourage PA on outcomes compared to those that do not. Methods Randomized controlled trials that assess the impact of eHealth group counseling or coaching programs on mental health, health behavior, or physical health activity among community-dwelling adults will be included. We will search the following electronic databases (from January 2005 onwards): MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINHAL, and the Central Register of Controlled Trials. The primary outcomes will be changes in mental health conditions (e.g., depression, anxiety, stress, quality of life), behavioral health conditions (e.g., substance use, smoking, sexual behavior, eating behavior, medication adherence), and physical health conditions (e.g., coping with cancer, menopausal symptoms, arthritis pain). Secondary outcomes will be changes in physical activity. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, full-text articles, and abstract data. Potential conflicts will be resolved through discussion with a third reviewer. A narrative synthesis without meta-analysis will be conducted. The strength of the body of evidence will be assessed using GRADE. The risk of bias in individual studies will be appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. Potential sources of gender bias in included studies will be considered at all stages of the planned review. Discussion This review will contribute to the literature by providing evidence on the effectiveness of eHealth counseling and coaching programs delivered to adults in a group format. Systematic review registration The protocol has been registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42020187551).

Effectiveness study of “occupational connections” – A short-term, in-patient intervention for promotion functioning and participation in daily life of people with mental health conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S380-S381
Author(s):  
L. Lipskaya-Velikovsky ◽  
T. Krupa ◽  
M. Kotler
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Mental Health Conditions

ObjectivesMental health conditions (MHC) have been associated with restrictions in daily life participation and functioning affecting health and well-being. Substantial numbers of people with MHC experience hospitalizations, however, there is limited evidence supporting functional interventions in the in-patient setting to promote recovery. The OC is an intervention implemented during sub-acute hospitalization, which attempts to promote activity and participation of people with MHC, both during the in-patient stay and upon return to the community, with a view to enabling recovery. To facilitate its implementation, we investigate the OC effectiveness.AimsInvestigate the OC contribution to cognition, symptoms and functional capacity among inpatients with schizophrenia.MethodsThis is a quasi-experimental, prospective, pre/post-designed study with convenience sampling. Inpatients with schizophrenia were enrolled into the study group participating in the OC intervention (n = 16); or the control group participating in hospital treatment as usual (n = 17). The study participants completed evaluations at baseline and at discharge or after 10 weeks with: Neurocognitive State Examination, Trail Making Test, Ray Complex Figure, and Category Fluency Test for aspects of cognition; Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for symptoms severity, and Observed Tasks of Daily Living-Revised for functional capacity.ResultsStatistically significant improvement in cognitive functioning, symptoms severity and functional capacity was found in the study group after the intervention. These changes were not observed in the control group.ConclusionThe results support the OC effectiveness for cognitive and functional capacity improvement and symptomology relief. The findings advance the body of evidence for functional interventions in hospital settings.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Effect of yoga on sleep quality and insomnia in women with sleep problems: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weili Wang ◽  
Kuang-Huei Chen ◽  
Ying-Chieh Pan ◽  
Szu-Nian Yang ◽  
Yuan-Yu Chan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Objectives To examine the effectiveness and safety of yoga for women with sleep problems by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods Medline/PubMed, Clincalkey, ScienceDirect, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library were searched throughout the month of June 2019. Randomized controlled trials comparing yoga groups with control groups in women with sleep problems were included. Two reviewers independently evaluated risk of bias by using the risk of bias tool suggested by the Cochrane Collaboration for programming and conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The main outcome measure was sleep quality or the severity of insomnia, which was measured using subjective instruments, such as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia severity index (ISI), or objective instruments, such as polysomnography, actigraphy, and safety of the intervention. For each outcome, standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined. Results Nineteen studies including 1832 participants were included in this systematic review. Meta-analyses revealed positive effects of yoga using PSQI or ISI scores in 16 randomized control trials (RCTs) compared with the control group in improving sleep quality in women, PSQI (SMD = −0.54; 95% CI = −0.89 to −0.19 ; P = 0.003). However, three RCTs revealed no effects of yoga compared with the control group in reducing the severity of insomnia in women using ISI (SMD = −0.13; 95% CI = −0.74 to 0.48; P = 0.69). Seven RCTs revealed no evidence for effects of yoga compared with the control group in improving sleep quality for women with breast cancer using PSQI (SMD = −0.15 ; 95% CI = −0.31 to 0.01; P = 0.5). Four RCTs revealed no evidence for the effects of yoga compared with the control group in improving the sleep quality for peri-or postmenopausal women using PSQI (SMD = −0.31; 95% CI = −0.95 to 0.33; P = 0.34).Yoga was not associated with serious adverse events. Discussion This systematic review and meta-analysis found that yoga intervention in some groups of women was beneficial in managing sleep problems. Despite certain disadvantages in methodology in the included studies, yoga may be recommended as a complementary therapy to women.

scholarly journals Motivation to Improve Mental Wellbeing via Community Physical Activity Initiatives and the Associated Impacts—A Cross-Sectional Survey of UK parkrun Participants

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13072
Author(s):  
Allison Dunne ◽  
Steve Haake ◽  
Helen Quirk ◽  
Alice Bullas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Participation in regular physical activity is a well-established strategy to support good mental wellbeing in adults with, and without, mental health conditions. The physical activity initiative parkrun is a free, weekly, timed, running and walking event which is attended by people from the local community of all abilities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mental wellbeing of UK parkrun participants along with their motives for taking part and the impact of participation. Mental health conditions were self-reported in 2.5% of 60,000 respondents to an online survey of parkrunners, with the most prevalent being depression and anxiety. Those with mental health conditions were more motivated than those without to first participate in parkrun to manage their health conditions and improve their mental health. Those with mental health conditions were equally motivated to improve their physical health when compared to those without, and reported similar levels of improvement. Mental wellbeing scores for those with mental health conditions were close to the normal range, suggesting that engagement in parkrun may have had a role in limiting the effect of their illness. Community initiatives could replicate parkrun’s model, and use the potential for both mental and physical health improvement, as well as health condition management, as a motivation for participation.

scholarly journals Interactive Activities to Aid in a Comprehensive Understanding of Mental Health Within the Professional Athletic Training Curriculum

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-269
Author(s):  
Jennifer Lynn Ostrowski ◽  
Ashley Gray ◽  
Ellen K. Payne ◽  
David Wilkenfeld ◽  
James R. Scifers
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Athletic Training ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Standardized Patient ◽  
Counseling Session ◽  
Mental Health First Aid ◽  
Athletic Training Students ◽  
Mental Health Conditions

Context Mental health is a significant issue in the United States, with approximately 18.5% of adults and 22% of adolescents having a diagnosable mental illness. Athletic trainers are in a prime position to recognize signs of mental health illness in their patients and to facilitate referral to a mental health professional. Objective To introduce interactive approaches for developing mental health first aid and referral skills in professional athletic training students. Background Although the 2020 Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education curricular content standards require programs to educate students about identification and referral for mental health conditions, the standards do not provide specific suggestions for instructing this content. Description Three educational activities have been implemented into the curriculum: an exploratory counseling session, Mental Health First Aid certification, and a standardized patient encounter. Clinical Advantage(s) The exploratory counseling session improves athletic training students' empathy for individuals living with mental illness. The Mental Health First Aid curriculum has been shown to raise awareness of mental health conditions and positively influence the number of people who receive professional help. Standardized patient scenarios have been shown to increase critical thinking and confidence with mental health cases and to increase knowledge in mental health assessment. Conclusion(s) Students' reflections support that these components have increased their competence and confidence in recognizing, intervening, and making referrals for individuals with suspected mental health concerns.

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