scholarly journals Valproate and epilepsy: for women as well as men

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Lawthom
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Fetal Malformation ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Drug Choice ◽  
High Level

Sodium valproate remains the best drug for idiopathic generalised epilepsy. For men with the latter diagnosis, this is the drug of choice. Sodium valproate has an unacceptably high level of major fetal malformation and also causes learning disabilities in many children exposed to the drug in utero. Women of reproductive age should not normally be offered this drug. There are many women with refractory epilepsy who would benefit from this drug and who are not planning pregnancy. Individualised epilepsy care is the gold standard, not blanket bans on drug choice based on gender.

scholarly journals Influence of androgen deficiency on the endometrium structure in women of reproductive age

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
L. V. Demyanenko ◽  
L. M. Semenyuk ◽  
T. Yu. Yuzvenko
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Androgen Receptors ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Estradiol Valerate ◽  
Androgen Deficiency ◽  
Immunohistochemical Examination ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level

Aim — to identify the relationship between androgen deficiency and the development of endometrial hypoplasia in women of reproductive age, to develop an algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of this category of women. Materials and methods. Examination of patients with androgen deficiency revealed 48 patients with endometrial hypoplasia based on the ultrasound markers. After examination for CD138 and detection of chronic endometritis during the study, 9 patients were excluded. At the second stage, an immunohistochemical examination was performed for the expression of receptors for estrogen, progesterone and androgens. According to the results, the patients were divided into 2 groups: the first group (24 patients) with a high level of expression of androgen receptors and the second group (15 patients) with a low level of expression of androgen receptors. Theexpressionof receptors to estrogens and progesterone was on medium level and comparative in both groups. Both groups of patients underwent hormonal therapy for 3 months: estradiol valerate 1 g per day in a continuous mode and 200 mg of micronized progesterone from the sixteenth to twenty-fifth days of the menstrual cycle. Additionally, patients of the first group received dehydro­epian­drosterone(DHEA)in a dose of 25 mg per day continuously in the form sublingual spray. Results. According to the data of ultrasound examination in the first group of patients, the endometrium corresponded to normal parameters both during treatment and 1 and 3 months after stopping treatment. At the same time, in the second group of patients, there was an improvement in the thickness (more than 7 mm) and structure of the endometrium during treatment and the absence of these effects after the termination of hormonal therapy. Considering the recommendations of the Association of Endocrinologists on the superiority of non-tablet forms of androgen preparations in the treatment of androgen deficiency and having a positive and long-term effect when taking sublingual DHEA, it is possible to recommend adding the above form of DHEA to systemic therapy of endometrial hypoplasia against the background of androgen deficiency. Conclusions. Women with androgen deficiency are more likely to have concomitant endometrial hypoplasia. Immunohistochemical examination of the endometrium of women of reproductive age with androgen deficiency in 24 patients (61.5 %) revealed a high level of expression of androgen receptors. The effectiveness of therapy for endometrial hypoplasia in women with androgen deficiency with addition of androgens to the standard regimens is more effective and has a long-lasting effect. The combination of estrogen-gestagenic therapy and androgens has a positive effect on the gestational potential of the endometrium in women of reproductive age with androgen deficiency.

scholarly journals ENDOMETRIOSIS : ENIGMATICAL DIAGNOSIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sandeep Pophale ◽  
Shreya Chinchoriya
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Adnexal Masses ◽  
Common Presentation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: The prevalence of endometriosis is seen to be from 10% to 20% in the reproductive age group whereas that of endometriosis is 30% to 70% among women presenting with infertility. In our study the incidence of endometriosis appears to be 6.31%. The objective is study the common presentation in cases of endometriosis and their diagnostic accuracy with the help of radiological modalities . laparoscopy and histopathology remains the gold standard modality to diagnose endometriosis. Methods: A total of 200 patients with adnexal masses in the women of reproductive age group were studied. Endometriosis was identified by laparoscopy in 12 cases and confirmed by histopathological examination. Results: Out of the above 200 patients, 6.31% (12 cases) were diagnosed as cases of endometriosis. Out of which, 25% patients had moderate to severe endometriosis. The ultrasound turned out to be an important method in diagnosing the cases of endometriosis Conclusions: The symptoms and clinical signs should raise the suspicion of pelvic endometriosis.ultrasound plays an important role in diagnosing the cases of endometriosis

scholarly journals Hysterolaparoscopy: A Gold Standard for Diagnosing and Treating Infertility and Benign Uterine Pathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 3749
Author(s):  
Valentin Varlas ◽  
Yassin Rhazi ◽  
Eliza Cloțea ◽  
Roxana Georgiana Borș ◽  
Radu Mihail Mirică ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Valuable Method

Background: Combined hysteroscopy and laparoscopy is a valuable method for diagnosing and treating infertility and benign uterine pathology. Both procedures are minimally invasive, reliable, and safe, with a low complication rate. Aim: In this review, we expose the efficiency and safety of hysterolaparoscopy in the management of infertility and other benign uterine pathologies. Method: We performed a systematic literature review on several databases: PubMed®/MEDLINE, PMC, Crossref.org, and Web of Science in the last 10 years. Inclusion criteria: Women of reproductive age with primary or secondary infertility and/or benign uterine pathology. Exclusion criteria: pre-puberty, menopause, couple with male infertility. Conclusion: Hysterolaparoscopy is a useful tool to assess infertility and simultaneously diagnose and treat pelvic and uterine lesions.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) towards Family Planning among Women of Reproductive Age in Fiji

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Jay Lincoln ◽  
Masoud Mohammadnezhad ◽  
Sabiha Khan
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Change Models ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
High Level

BACKGROUND: Globally, family planning is one of the most important public health issues in both developed and developing countries due to high unmet needs. OBJECTIVE: To assess the level of knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) towards family planning among women of reproductive age in Suva, Fiji. METHODS: The study applies a cross-sectional quantitative method using a self-administered questionnaire to collect data. Using random sampling, a sample of 325 women was used for the study and they were sought from three health clinics in Suva, Fiji. The questionnaire was administered to the respondents who met the inclusion criteria and they provided information that mostly involved rating the different issues and identifying their level of KAP. This data was analyzed using the statistics program SPSS version 25. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 31.53 (±7.35) years. A majority of the participants (64.6%) belonged to a Christian church while 65.2% belonged to iTaukei ethnic group. Approximately half of them (45.6%) had a high level of knowledge while 53.5% had moderate knowledge with only 0.9% reporting that they had poor knowledge. In terms of attitudes, 54.2% of the participants had high level or positive attitudes towards family planning with only a small proportion of 0.3% had low level or poor attitudes. In terms of practice, a majority of the participants (65.9%) had medium level of practice towards family planning while 24.6% showed a poor level with 9.5% having a high or good level of practice towards family planning. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified that women had medium level of knowledge and practice towards family planning, but their attitude was relatively high. Using behavioral change models such as health belief model (HBM) that focus on perceived benefits and barriers may help to promote KAP towards family planning among Fijian women.

scholarly journals Vaginal candidiasis among women of reproductive age in Dnipro city (Ukraine): Species spectrum of Candida and their susceptibility to antimycotics

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-176
Author(s):  
O. M. Starishko ◽  
Y. S. Voronkova ◽  
T. H. Ostanina ◽  
O. S. Voronkova
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Effective Drug ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
High Level

Candidiasis is one of the most common pathological processes, especially among women of reproductive age, especially pregnant. It can be expressed as Candida carriage and as an active form of infection. Although candidiasis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, its effects can be quite significant, so it is necessary to treat it with the use of antimycotic drugs. In view of the spread among these microorganisms of resistance to antimicrobial drugs, the determining factor for the success of therapeutic measures, it is important to make a preliminary assessment of the susceptibility to antimycotics of strains isolated from persons with Candida carriage or active candidiasis. The aim of the research was to study the species range of fungi of the genus Candida isolated from the reproductive tract in women with dysbiosis and to study their susceptibility to antimycotics. Total of 227 samples of biological material from women aged 16 to 56 years have been investigated. Microscopic and cultural methods of detecting of fungi in the primary material were used for research. For the identification of species of Candida fungi, a polymerase chain reaction method in real-time was used. It was determined that the frequency of detection of Candida fungi in the composition of vaginal microbiome during inflammatory pathological processes was 76.7%. It was shown that the incidence of Candida carriage – 51.7% – slightly exceeded the frequency of detection of the active form of infection – 48.3%. The species spectrum of pathogens included: C. albicans (57.1%), C. krusei (12.6%), C. glabrata (19.5%) and Candida spp. (16.1%). In the case of active form of infection, C. albicans was prevalent – 64 (76.2%) cases. In the case of Candida carriage, other species were prevalent – 58 (64.4%) cases. The most effective drug against all isolates was amphotericin B – more than 87% of isolates were susceptible. The least effective drug was nystatin: less than 60% of isolates were susceptible. There is a rather high level of resistance to certain antimycotic drugs among the Candida species, which requires a prior preliminary study of the susceptibility of isolated strains to antimycotics for the purpose of choosing a rational and effective treatment scheme.

Evaluation of concomitant gynecological pathology in group of patients of reproductive age with tumors and tumor formations

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
N. V. Spiridonova ◽  
A. A. Demura ◽  
V. Yu. Schukin
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Ovarian Tumours ◽  
Preoperative Diagnostic ◽  
Neoplastic Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment

According to modern literature, the frequency of preoperative diagnostic errors for tumour-like formations is 30.9–45.6%, for malignant ovarian tumors is 25.0–51.0%. The complexity of this situation is asymptomatic tumor in the ovaries and failure to identify a neoplastic process, which is especially important for young women, as well as ease the transition of tumors from one category to another (evolution of the tumor) and the source of the aggressive behavior of the tumor. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the history of concomitant gynecological pathology in a group of patients of reproductive age with ovarian tumors and tumoroid formations, as a predisposing factor for the development of neoplastic process in the ovaries. In our work, we collected and processed complaints and data of obstetric and gynecological anamnesis of 168 patients of reproductive age (18–40 years), operated on the basis of the Department of oncogynecology for tumors and ovarian tumours in the Samara Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary from 2012 to 2015. We can conclude that since the prognosis of neoplastic process in the ovaries is generally good with timely detection and this disease occurs mainly in women of reproductive age, doctors need to know that when assessing the parity and the presence of gynecological pathology at the moment or in anamnesis, it is not possible to identify alarming risk factors for the development of cancer in the ovaries.

Experience in treating cyclic mastalgia mastodynia and women of reproductive age

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-118
Author(s):  
A.Y. Senchuk ◽  
◽  
I.О. Doskoch ◽  
I.V. Chibisova ◽  
S.V. Moskalenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

Features of the cervix uteri in women of reproductive age with endometrial polyps and micropolyps

2016 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
T.F. Tatarchuk ◽  
◽  
D.G. German ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Aggressive Form ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Control Group Group

The article presents the comparative analysis of the state of the cervix in women with endometrial polyps and micropolyps. Patients and methods. The study involved 130 patients aged 18-35 years: 70 patients with endometrial polyps (group I), 30 patients with micropolyps (group II) and 30 patients of the control group (group III). Results. According to the anamnesis of women in the I group were significantly more frequent diseases of the cervix, which corrected physical surgery methods, in particular cryodestruction. In group II, the representatives of these indicators were similar to healthy. Normal colposcopic picture met significantly less frequently in patients and I, and II group. The differences in the incidence of HPV high oncogenic risk in all groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion. Destructive methods used in the detection of any changes in the cervix are often overly aggressive, form scars and contributing to inflamaciones process. In the chain of events leading to the formation of PE, cervical pathology and its correction can take the basic place. Key words: endometrial polyp, micropolyps, chronic endometritis, uterine cervix, colposcopy.

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