Diabetes mellitus is not a risk factor for osteoarthritis

BackgroundAssociation between diabetes mellitus (DM) and risk of osteoarthritis (OA) can be confounded by body mass index (BMI), a strong risk factor for both conditions. We evaluate the association between DM or hyperglycaemia with OA using systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsWe searched PubMed and Web of Science databases in English for studies that gave information on the association between DM and OA. Two meta-analysis models were conducted to address: (1) risk of DM comparing subjects with and without OA and (2) risk of OA comparing subjects with and without DM. As far as available, risk estimates that adjusted for BMI were used.Results31 studies with a pooled population size of 295 100 subjects were reviewed. 16 and 15 studies reported positive associations and null/ negative associations between DM and OA. 68.8% of positive studies had adjusted for BMI, compared with 93.3% of null/negative studies. In meta-analysis model 1, there was an increase prevalence of DM in subjects with OA compared with those without (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.89). In meta-analysis model 2, there was no increased risk of OA (OR 1.14, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.33) in subjects with DM compared with those without, regardless of gender and OA sites. Comparing subjects with DM to those without, an increased risk of OA was noted in cross-sectional studies, but not in case-control and prospective cohort studies.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis does not support DM as an independent risk factor for OA. BMI was probably the most important confounding factor.

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Hypogonadism as a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in men: a meta-analytic study

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-11-0447 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 165 (5) ◽

pp. 687-701 ◽

Cited By ~ 248

Author(s):

Giovanni Corona ◽

Giulia Rastrelli ◽

Matteo Monami ◽

André Guay ◽

Jaques Buvat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Total Testosterone ◽

Testosterone Replacement Therapy ◽

Test Duration ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medline Search ◽

St Segment ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Low Testosterone

ObjectiveTo verify whether hypogonadism represents a risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and to verify whether testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) improves CV parameters in subjects with known CV diseases (CVDs).DesignMeta-analysis.MethodsAn extensive Medline search was performed using the following words ‘testosterone, CVD, and males’. The search was restricted to data from January 1, 1969, up to January 1, 2011.ResultsOf the 1178 retrieved articles, 70 were included in the study. Among cross-sectional studies, patients with CVD have significantly lower testosterone and higher 17-β estradiol (E2) levels. Conversely, no difference was observed for DHEAS. The association between low testosterone and high E2levels with CVD was confirmed in a logistic regression model, after adjusting for age and body mass index (hazard ratio (HR)=0.763 (0.744–0.783) and HR=1.015 (1.014–1.017), respectively, for each increment of total testosterone and E2levels; bothP<0.0001). Longitudinal studies showed that baseline testosterone level was significantly lower among patients with incident overall- and CV-related mortality, in comparison with controls. Conversely, we did not observe any difference in the baseline testosterone and E2levels between case and controls for incident CVD. Finally, TRT was positively associated with a significant increase in treadmill test duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression.ConclusionsLower testosterone and higher E2levels correlate with increased risk of CVD and CV mortality. TRT in hypogonadism moderates metabolic components associated with CV risk. Whether low testosterone is just an association with CV risk, or an actual cause–effect relationship, awaits further studies.

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Association between asthma and invasive pneumococcal disease risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Allergy Asthma & Clinical Immunology ◽

10.1186/s13223-020-00492-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lingling Li ◽

Yusheng Cheng ◽

Xiongwen Tu ◽

Jie Yang ◽

Chenghui Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽

Pneumococcal Disease ◽

Reference Lists ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Published Data ◽

Analysis Model ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Children With Asthma

Abstract Purpose Asthma has been shown to be related to an increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), although the results remain inconclusive. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to determine whether asthma increases the risk of IPD. This meta-analysis was performed to validate and strengthen the association between asthma and IPD. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the reference lists of all relevant articles and books were screened until May 2019. Two authors independently assessed eligibility and study quality and extracted data. A common odds ratio was estimated using a random-effects meta-analysis model of aggregated published data. Results A total of eight studies with 8877 IPD cases and 78,366 controls were included. Our meta-analysis showed that asthma was significantly associated with the increased risk of IPD (OR 2.44 [95% CI, 2.02–2.96]). The children with asthma (0–17 years old) (OR 2.86 [95% CI 1.80–4.55]) had a higher risk of IPD susceptibility compared with the adult patients (≥ 18 years old) (OR 2.45 [95% CI 1.98–3.03]). Conclusions Results of this meta-analysis indicated that the patients with asthma had a higher risk of IPD susceptibility, especially among the children with asthma.

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Is diabetes mellitus a risk factor for low bone density: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Endocrine Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12902-021-00728-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jingying Qiu ◽

Chengjiang Li ◽

Zhichun Dong ◽

Jing Wang

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Bone Density ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Bone Density

Abstract Background This systematic review aimed to investigate whether diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for low bone density, as this might be important and necessary for doctors specialized in treating patients with low bone density. Methods PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and SciELO were searched for cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies that investigated the effects of diabetes mellitus on bone mineral density till January 2020. Data screening and extraction are done independently, whereas the methodological quality of the studies was assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results A total of 14 studies that met the eligibility criteria including 24,340 participants were enrolled. The overall quality of the studies had a scale of over 6 points. The overall odds ratio (OR) regarding the risk of diabetes mellitus in low bone density patients was 1.20 [95% confidence interval (CI)0.80–1.79, P = 0.30], and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (OR = 0.69 [0.11, 4.55], P = 0.70). Subgroup analysis revealed that whether females or males, developed or developing countries, T2DM, studies after 2015, and quality over 7 points (all P values > 0.05) showed no significant differences with the risk of low bone density, except type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (OR = 3.83 [1.64, 8.96], P = 0.002), and studies before 2015 (OR = 1.76 [1.06, 2.92], P = 0.03), and quality below 7 points (OR = 2.27 [1.50, 3.43], P = 0.0001). Funnel plot showed no significant asymmetry. Conclusions These findings revealed no relationship between T2DM and low bone density, and also, the evidence between T1DM and low bone density is inadequate, requiring further analysis of well-designed cohort studies.

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Effect of Family History with Diabetes Mellitus on the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis

Childhood Stunting, Wasting, and Obesity, as the Critical Global Health Issues: Forging Cross-Sectoral Solutions ◽

10.26911/the7thicph.05.55 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Galuh Sitorukmi ◽

◽

Bhisma Murti ◽

Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Family History ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽

History Of

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious pregnancy complication, in which women without previously diagnosed diabetes develop chronic hyperglycemia during gestation. Studies have revealed that the family history of diabetes is an important risk factor for the gestational diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of family history with diabetes mellitus on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting published articles from Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, and Springer Link electronic databases, from year 2010 to 2020. Keywords used risk factor, gestational diabetes mellitus, family history, and cross-sectional. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population was pregnant women. Intervention was family history of diabetes mellitus with comparison no family history of diabetes mellitus. The study outcome was gestational diabetes mellitus. The collected articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed by random effect model using Revman 5.3. Results: 7 studies from Ethiopia, Malaysia, Philippines, Peru, Australia, and Tanzania were selected for this study. This study reported that family history of diabetes mellitus increased the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus 2.91 times than without family history (aOR= 2.91; 95% CI= 2.08 to 4.08; p<0.001). Conclusion: Family history of diabetes mellitus increases the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus, diabetes mellitus, family history Correspondence: Galuh Sitorukmi. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085799333013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.55

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The GSTM1 and GSTT1 Null Genotypes Increase the Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Subsequent Development of Diabetic Complications: A Meta-analysis

Current Diabetes Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573399814666171215120228 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 31-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sayantan Nath ◽

Sambuddha Das ◽

Aditi Bhowmik ◽

Sankar Kumar Ghosh ◽

Yashmin Choudhury

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Subsequent Development ◽

Asian Population ◽

Gstm1 Null Genotype ◽

Increased Risk

Background:Studies pertaining to association of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes with risk of T2DM and its complications were often inconclusive, thus spurring the present study.Methods:Meta-analysis of 25 studies for evaluating the role of GSTM1/GSTT1 null polymorphisms in determining the risk for T2DM and 17 studies for evaluating the role of GSTM1/GSTT1 null polymorphisms in development of T2DM related complications were conducted.Results:Our study revealed an association between GSTM1 and GSTT1 null polymorphism with T2DM (GSTM1; OR=1.37;95% CI =1.10-1.70 and GSTT1; OR=1.29;95% CI =1.04-1.61) with an amplified risk of 2.02 fold for combined GSTM1-GSTT1 null genotypes. Furthermore, the GSTT1 null (OR=1.56;95%CI=1.38-1.77) and combined GSTM1-GSTT1 null genotypes (OR=1.91;95%CI=1.25- 2.94) increased the risk for development of T2DM related complications, but not the GSTM1 null genotype. Stratified analyses based on ethnicity revealed GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes increase the risk for T2DM in both Caucasians and Asians, with Asians showing much higher risk of T2DM complications than Caucasians for the same. Discussion: GSTM1, GSTT1 and combined GSTM1-GSTT1 null polymorphism may be associated with increased risk for T2DM; while GSTT1 and combined GSTM1-GSTT1 null polymorphism may increase the risk of subsequent development of T2DM complications with Asian population carrying an amplified risk for the polymorphism.Conclusion:Thus GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes increases the risk for Type 2 diabetes mellitus alone, in combination or with regards to ethnicity.

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Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Older Adults Living at High Altitude: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders ◽

10.1159/000514471 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Diego Urrunaga-Pastor ◽

Diego Chambergo-Michilot ◽

Fernando M. Runzer-Colmenares ◽

Josmel Pacheco-Mendoza ◽

Vicente A. Benites-Zapata

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

High Altitude ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Language Restriction ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Ottawa Scale

Introduction: Dementia is a chronic disease with a variable prevalence throughout the world; however, this could be higher at high-altitude populations. We aimed to summarize the prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults living at high altitude. Methods: We searched in PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase and included the studies published from inception to July 20, 2020, with no language restriction, which reported the frequency of cognitive impairment or dementia in older adults living at high-altitude populations. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to calculate the overall prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of cognitive impairment and dementia. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) adapted for cross-sectional studies. Results: Six studies were included (3,724 participants), and 5 of the 6 included studies were carried out in Latin America. The altitude ranged from 1,783 to 3,847 m, the proportion of women included varied from 38.7 to 65.6%, and the proportion of participants with elementary or illiterate educational level ranged from 71.7 to 97.6%. The overall prevalence of cognitive impairment was 22.0% (95% CI: 8–40, I2: 99%), and the overall prevalence of dementia was 11.0% (95% CI: 6–17, I2: 92%). In a subgroup analysis according to the instrument used to evaluate cognitive impairment, the prevalence of cognitive impairment was 21.0% (95% CI: 5–42, I2: 99%) in the MMSE group while the prevalence was 29.0% (95% CI: 0–78) in the non-MMSE group. Conclusions: The prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults living at high altitude is almost twice the number reported in some world regions.

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Greater cardiorespiratory fitness reduces incidence of atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.200 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

C Verdicchio ◽

A Elliott ◽

R Mahajan ◽

D Linz ◽

D Lau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Exercise Stress ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Statistical Heterogeneity

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia affecting 1-2% of the global population, with the prevalence of AF increasing dramatically over the past two decades. Although low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity are predictive of cardiovascular disease onset and mortality, only recently has this emerged as a potential risk factor for AF. Purpose The aim of this meta-analysis was therefore to quantify the relationship between CRF, measured by a symptom limited exercise stress test, and incident AF. We hypothesised that there would be an inverse relationship between CRF and the incidence of AF. Methods The systematic literature review was conducted using PUBMED, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases, with seven studies meeting the inclusion criteria. A random-effects meta-analysis was then used to compare the multivariate risk estimates of the lowest CRF group from each cohort with the group of the highest CRF. Results Data from 206,925 individuals (55.8% males) was used for analysis with a mean age of 55 ± 2.5 years and a mean follow-up period of 10.3 ± 5 years. The total number of AF events across the studies was 19,913. The overall pooled risk of AF in the high-CRF group versus the low-CRF group showed a significant lower risk of incident AF in those with high-CRF (OR: 0.52, 95% CI, 0.44-0.605, p < 0.001). There was evidence of statistical heterogeneity between the studies (I2 = 81%, p < 0.001). AF incidence rates demonstrated an overall decline in rates across the CRF quartiles from low to high. The mean incidence rate for low-CRF was 21 ± 13.4 compared to 6.9 ± 0.7 per 1000 person-years for the high CRF group (p = 0.03). Conclusion There is an inverse association between a lower CRF and an increased risk of AF, with a higher level of CRF protective against AF. This study highlights that low-CRF may be an additional risk factor for AF along with already other established lifestyle-based risk factors such as obesity and hypertension. Exercise interventions should be promoted as a primary prevention strategy in those at risk of developing AF with known risk factors. Future studies are warranted to identify the mechanism(s) through which improved CRF confers a reduction in AF incidence. Abstract Figure. AF risk between high and low-CRF

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P124 Are chronic pain syndromes associated with a unique cytokine profile? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keab247.119 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Luke Furtado O'Mahony ◽

Arnav Srivastava ◽

Puja Mehta ◽

Coziana Ciurtin

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Chronic Pain ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Pooled Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pain Syndromes ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Cytokine Milieu ◽

Analysis Models ◽

Chronic Pain Syndromes

Abstract Background/Aims The aetiology of primary chronic pain syndromes (CPS) is highly disputed. One theory suggests that pain is due to a pro-inflammatory cytokine milieu leading to nociceptive activation. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to assess differences in cytokines levels in CPS patients versus healthy controls (HC). Methods Human studies published in English from PubMed, MEDLINE/Scopus and Cochrane databases were searched from inception up to January 2020. We included full text cross-sectional or longitudinal studies with cytokine measurements in CPS patients and HC. We excluded studies with underlying organic pathology. Quality assessment was completed using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random-effects meta-analysis models were used to report pooled effects and 95% CIs. Study registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020193774). Results Initial search yielded 324 papers, 36 studies (3229 participants) eligible for systematic review and 26 studies (2048 participants) suitable for metaanalysis. There were reproducible findings supporting trends of cytokine levels comparing CPS patients with HC. Eotaxin (chemokine) however was consistently raised in CPS. Meta-analysis showed significantly increased tumour necrosis factor (TNF) (SMD=0.39, p = 0.0009, %95I=0.16-0.63, p < 0.001; I2=70%, Q2 p < 0.001), interleukin (IL)-6 (SMD=0.15, 8 (SMD=0.26, p = 0.01, 95%CI =0.05-0.47; I2=61%, Q2 p = 0.005) and IL-10 (SMD=0.61; %95 = 0.34-0.89, p < 0.001; I2 = 10%, Q2 p = 0.34) in CPS compared to HC. Conclusion We found significant differences in peripheral blood cytokine profiles of CPS patients compared to HC. However, the distinctive profile associated with CPS includes both pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8), and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) in pooled analysis, as well as chemokine (eotaxin) signatures. Disclosure L. Furtado O'Mahony: None. A. Srivastava: None. P. Mehta: None. C. Ciurtin: None.

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Executive functions in children with heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951121001074 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

William M. Jackson ◽

Nicholas Davis ◽

Johanna Calderon ◽

Jennifer J. Lee ◽

Nicole Feirsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Executive Functions ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Executive Dysfunction ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Planning Problem ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Context: People with CHD are at increased risk for executive functioning deficits. Meta-analyses of these measures in CHD patients compared to healthy controls have not been reported. Objective: To examine differences in executive functions in individuals with CHD compared to healthy controls. Data sources: We performed a systematic review of publications from 1 January, 1986 to 15 June, 2020 indexed in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Study selection: Inclusion criteria were (1) studies containing at least one executive function measure; (2) participants were over the age of three. Data extraction: Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two authors. We used a shifting unit-of-analysis approach and pooled data using a random effects model. Results: The search yielded 61,217 results. Twenty-eight studies met criteria. A total of 7789 people with CHD were compared with 8187 healthy controls. We found the following standardised mean differences: −0.628 (−0.726, −0.531) for cognitive flexibility and set shifting, −0.469 (−0.606, −0.333) for inhibition, −0.369 (−0.466, −0.273) for working memory, −0.334 (−0.546, −0.121) for planning/problem solving, −0.361 (−0.576, −0.147) for summary measures, and −0.444 (−0.614, −0.274) for reporter-based measures (p < 0.001). Limitations: Our analysis consisted of cross-sectional and observational studies. We could not quantify the effect of collinearity. Conclusions: Individuals with CHD appear to have at least moderate deficits in executive functions. Given the growing population of people with CHD, more attention should be devoted to identifying executive dysfunction in this vulnerable group.

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Breakfast skipping and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980015000257 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 3013-3019 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Huashan Bi ◽

Yong Gan ◽

Chen Yang ◽

Yawen Chen ◽

Xinyue Tong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Adjusted Relative Risk ◽

China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Breakfast Skipping ◽

Risk Estimates ◽

Increased Risk

AbstractObjectiveBreakfast skipping has been reported to be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the results are inconsistent. No meta-analyses have applied quantitative techniques to compute summary risk estimates. The present study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of observational studies summarizing the evidence on the association between breakfast skipping and the risk of T2D.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.SettingRelevant studies were identified by a search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and SINOMED up to 9 August 2014. We also reviewed reference lists from retrieved articles. We included studies that reported risk estimates (including relative risks, odds ratios and hazard ratios) with 95 % confidence intervals for the association between breakfast skipping and the risk of T2D.SubjectsEight studies involving 106 935 participants and 7419 patients with T2D were included in the meta-analysis.ResultsA pooled adjusted relative risk for the association between exposure to breakfast skipping and T2D risk was 1·21 (95 % CI 1·12, 1·31; P=0·984; I2=0·0 %) in cohort studies and the pooled OR was 1·15 (95 % CI, 1·05, 1·24; P=0·770; I2=0·0 %) in cross-sectional studies. Visual inspection of a funnel plot and Begg’s test indicated no evidence of publication bias.ConclusionsBreakfast skipping is associated with a significantly increased risk of T2D. Regular breakfast consumption is potentially important for the prevention of T2D.

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