Magnitude of reactive thrombocytosis and associated clinical conditions in dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 181 (10) ◽  
pp. 267-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Labrini V Athanasiou ◽  
Zoe S Polizopoulou ◽  
Eleftheria G Papavasileiou ◽  
Efstathios L Mpairamoglou ◽  
Maria C Kantere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Reactive Thrombocytosis ◽  
Neoplastic Processes ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Associated Conditions ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Previous studies on the underlying causes of thrombocytosis have raised scientific interest in its clinical relevance in dogs. The purpose of this study was: (1) to explore the clinical conditions associated with thrombocytosis; (2) to compare platelet counts among these conditions; and (3) to identify possible interactions with other haematological variables and associated conditions. Medical records of 195 dogs with thrombocytosis (platelet count >500×103/μL) were reviewed for signalment, complete blood count results and definitive diagnosis. The prevalence of thrombocytosis was 6.02%. All cases included had reactive thrombocytosis, with non-neoplastic, non-inflammatory underlying conditions in 48.2%, inflammatory processes in 34.4% and neoplastic processes in 17.4%. Haemoglobin and white blood cell counts were negatively and positively associated with platelet count, respectively. This study revealed that mean platelet count in dogs with neoplasia and a packed cell volume of 35% or below was significantly higher than that for dogs with other disease categories. Therefore, for dogs with marked thrombocytosis and anaemia, it is recommended that neoplasia should be included in the list of differential diagnoses.

scholarly journals THROMBOCYTOSIS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 573 DOGS (2016-2017)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Natacha Aparecida Rocha ◽  
Mayara Carvalho de Sousa Rocha ◽  
Mayara Lima Kavasaki ◽  
Juliana Yuki Rodrigues ◽  
Weyber Ferreira de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Degree Of Severity

Abstract Thrombocytosis refers to the increase in number of platelets per microliter (µL) of blood. Platelet counts greater than 1,000,000/µL may be associated with clinical signs of bleeding or thrombosis. Previous studies on underlying causes of thrombocytosis have aroused the interest of researchers about its clinical importance in dogs. The objective of this study was to analyze the blood cell counts in dogs in order to define the main diseases or clinical conditions that were associated with thrombocytosis, from 2016 to 2017. This was done to determine the incidence of thrombocytosis, and categorize the increase in platelet count with respect to severity. Of the 12,676 blood samples analyzed, 4.5% presented thrombocytosis (n = 573). Similar mean platelet counts were observed in all diagnosis or different categories of clinical conditions (neoplasms; gastrointestinal, endocrine, and ophthalmological diseases; trauma and surgery; dermatological, cardiac, neurological, infectious, respiratory, genitourinary, idiopathic, and multiple diseases; and pregnancy) with no significant difference (P ≥ 0.05). The disorders most commonly associated with thrombocytosis were gastrointestinal diseases, followed by neoplasms. Furthermore, increased platelet counts were observed in dogs treated with glucocorticoids and vincristine drugs. As for the degree of severity, extreme thrombocytosis occurred more frequently in the presence of gastrointestinal diseases.

scholarly journals Effect of Central Obesity and Hyperandrogenism on Selected Inflammatory Markers in Patients with PCOS: A WHtR-Matched Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3024
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kałużna ◽  
Magdalena Człapka-Matyasik ◽  
Katarzyna Wachowiak-Ochmańska ◽  
Jerzy Moczko ◽  
Jolanta Kaczmarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Obesity ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte To Monocyte Ratio ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts

White blood cell counts (WBC), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) are used as chronic inflammation markers. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a constellation of systemic inflammation linked to central obesity (CO), hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. The waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) constitutes a highest-concordance anthropometric CO measure. This study aims to access WBC, LMR, and MHR in PCOS and healthy subjects, with or without CO. Establishing relationships between complete blood count parameters, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and hormonal, lipid and glucose metabolism in PCOS. To do this, WBC, LMR, MHR, hsCRP, anthropometric, metabolic, and hormonal data were analyzed from 395 women of reproductive age, with and without, PCOS. Correlations between MHR, and dysmetabolism, hyperandrogenism, and inflammation variables were examined. No differences were found in WBC, LMR, MHR, and hsCRP between PCOS and controls (p > 0.05). PCOS subjects with CO had higher hsCRP, MHR, and WBC, and lower LMR vs. those without CO (p < 0.05). WBC and MHR were also higher in controls with CO vs. without CO (p < 0.001). MHR correlated with anthropometric, metabolic, and endocrine parameters in PCOS. WHtR appeared to strongly predict MHR in PCOS. We conclude that PCOS does not independently influence WBC or MHR when matched for CO. CO and dysmetabolism may modify MHR in PCOS and control groups.

scholarly journals Postpartum hemorrhage risk is driven by changes in blood composition through pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Robinson ◽  
Marion Patxot ◽  
Miloš Stojanov ◽  
Sabine Blum ◽  
David Baud
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Mean Platelet Volume ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts

AbstractThe extent to which women differ in the course of blood cell counts throughout pregnancy, and the importance of these changes to pregnancy outcomes has not been well defined. Here, we develop a series of statistical analyses of repeated measures data to reveal the degree to which women differ in the course of pregnancy, predict the changes that occur, and determine the importance of these changes for post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) which is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. We present a prospective cohort of 4082 births recorded at the University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland between 2009 and 2014 where full labour records could be obtained, along with complete blood count data taken at hospital admission. We find significant differences, at a $$p<0.001$$ p < 0.001 level, among women in how blood count values change through pregnancy for mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean platelet volume, platelet count and red cell distribution width. We find evidence that almost all complete blood count values show trimester-specific associations with PPH. For example, high platelet count (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.01–1.53), high mean platelet volume (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.04–2.08), and high erythrocyte levels (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.01–1.57) in trimester 1 increased PPH, but high values in trimester 3 decreased PPH risk (OR 0.85, 0.79, 0.67 respectively). We show that differences among women in the course of blood cell counts throughout pregnancy have an important role in shaping pregnancy outcome and tracking blood count value changes through pregnancy improves identification of women at increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage. This study provides greater understanding of the complex changes in blood count values that occur through pregnancy and provides indicators to guide the stratification of patients into risk groups.

scholarly journals Analysis of Children with Secondary ITP an Observational Study of Children of the Parc-ITP Registry of the Intercontinental Cooperative ITP Study Group (ICIS)

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1146-1146
Author(s):  
Alexandra Schifferli ◽  
Andrea Heiri ◽  
Paul A. Imbach ◽  
Thomas Kuehne
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Aplastic Anemia ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Mucosal Bleeding

Abstract Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder of variable origin that results in bleeding and decreased platelet count. Primary ITP in children is a diagnosis of exclusion, but following practice guidelines only medical history, clinical examination, complete blood count and blood smear analysis are mandatory for diagnosis. Secondary ITP can be difficult to be diagnosed at initial presentation and is frequently identified during the course of the disease. Little is known about children with secondary ITP after a diagnosis of primary ITP. We are describing such patients within a 2 year observation period. Methods and Materials: Data for this study were extracted from the Pediatric and Adult Registry on Chronic ITP (PARC-ITP), an international multi-center registry designed to collect data prospectively in children and adults with newly diagnosed primary ITP. Children aged 3 months to 16 years with a corrected diagnosis of secondary ITP within 24 months after having been diagnosed with primary ITP were included in this analysis. We excluded 37 patients with an undefined diagnosis of secondary ITP, i.e. all patients without a clear statement of the cause of secondary ITP. A correction of diagnosis was reported at 6, 12 or 24 months of follow-up (FU) investigations. Clinical and laboratory data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 3581 evaluable children with the initial diagnosis of primary ITP were recorded in the PARC-ITP database between 2004 and 2017. Secondary ITP was reported in 99 patients within 24 months FU, 60 were females (60%) with a mean age of 7.13 years (SD 5.2). Diagnosis of secondary ITP was reported with the first FU dataset (6 months after initial diagnosis) in 66 patients. Infectious and autoimmune diseases were the main causes for secondary ITP reported in 43 and 38 patients, respectively. Mean age of patients with infectious diseases was 4.3 years (SD 4.2) and 10 years (SD 4.5) for those with an autoimmune disorder. Other underlying causes were malignancy (n=6), aplastic anemia (n=7), immunodeficiency (n=4) and drugs (n=1). Mean platelet count at initial diagnosis was 22x109/L (SD 24), and 62 patients had a platelet count of < 20x109/l. Patients with malignancy and aplastic anemia had a higher initial platelet count (37 and 38x109/l respectively), than patients with infection or autoimmune diseases (22 and 18x109/l respectively). At the time point of reported secondary ITP the median platelet count was 171x109/L (SD 124) with 59 patients exhibiting platelet counts > 100x109/L. Patients with autoimmune diseases had a higher rate of persisting ITP (61%), than patients with infectious diseases (19%). Overall initial bleeding frequency (n=82) and bleeding location were similar to children with primary ITP. Wet bleeding defined as mucosal bleeding was initially reported in 36% of patients with no differences in the various subgroups. One patient exhibited an intracranial haemorrhage during the course of secondary ITP. A watch and wait strategy was initially applied in 34 patients (34%). Discussion: The diagnosis of primary ITP appears to be accurate for most of the children reported to the PARC-ITP Registry, however, a minority of them experiences a correction of the diagnosis from primary into secondary ITP. Some differences were found for age, sex and initial platelet count in the subgroups of secondary ITP depending on etiology. The characteristics of patients with secondary ITP due to an infection are very similar to primary ITP, reflecting probably similar pathophysiological mechanisms of the immune system. Bleeding symptoms were very similar in all groups. Conclusion: Little is known about patients with initial primary ITP and revision of the diagnosis. This is the first analysis of children with a critical appraisal of the diagnosis "primary ITP". Disclosures Kuehne: Amgen: Consultancy, Research Funding; UCB: Consultancy.

Busulfan for the Treatment of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: The Mayo Clinic Experience

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 4078-4078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kebede H. Begna ◽  
Amro Abdelatif ◽  
Susan M. Schwager ◽  
Curtis A. Hanson ◽  
Animesh Pardanani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Polycythemia Vera ◽  
Mayo Clinic ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Leukemic Transformation ◽  
Cell Counts

Abstract Background: The cytoreductive treatment options for myeloproliferative neoplasms, in those who have indications, may be limited to hydroxyurea and interferon. Busulfan has been reported to have some activity, but used less frequently in the management of BCR/ABL negative MPNs (Haanen CM et al Br J Cancer 1981; Brodsky American J of clinical oncology 1998). One study has shown significant JAK2V617F allele burden reduction with busulfan (Kuriakose ET et al; Haematologica 2013). Ruxolitinib was approved by the FDA for intermediate and high risk myelofibrosis; and as second line therapy for polycythemia vera in those who are intolerant or develop side effect to hydroxyurea. Objective: To assess the utility of busulfan, an old drug, in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms who are intolerant to other forms of therapy. Methods: The mayo clinic data base from 1970 to 2014 was interrogated using the terms myeloproliferative disorder, polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), myelofibrosis (MF) and busulfan. Patients' follow up information was collected till July 2015. Results : Seventy five patients with full demographic, diagnostic and therapeutic information were identified, and those included 37 patients with ET, 22 with PV, 12 with MF, and 4 with myeloproliferative neoplasms unclassifiable. The median age was 64 (range 31-91) years. After a median follow up of 17 years, 40 patients (53 %) died, and leukemic transformation was documented in 4 (5%). The median time for leukemic transformation was 86 months (12-229). 1. Essential Thrombocytopenia (n=37): Twenty nine (79%) were females, and the median (range) age was 67 (33-90) years. At diagnosis the median (range) hemoglobin (Hgb) (gm/dL), white blood cell count (WBC) (X109/L), and platelet count (X109/L) were 13.6 (9.8-16.9), 10.2 (5-231), 1113 (593-2062) respectively. After a median follow up time of 230 months, 15 patients (41%) died, and leukemic transformation was documented in 1 patient who was also treated with radioactive phosphorous (P32). Leukemic transformation was documented 230 months from date of diagnosis. Follow up complete blood count was available in 20 patients and the median (range) Hgb, WBC and platelet count was 12 (9.9-16), 7.4 (3.1-25), and 267 (126-573) respectively. 2. Polycythemia Vera (n=22): Fourteen (61%) were females, and the median (range) age was 64 (46-91) years. At diagnosis the median (range) Hgb, WBC, and platelet count were 17.5 (15.1-20.8), 11.5 (1.2-26.6), and 669 (185-2370) respectively. After a median follow up time of 188 months 13 (57%) patients died, and leukemic transformation was documented in 2 patients and one of them was given P32. Follow up complete blood count was available in 21 patients and their median (range) Hgb, WBC and platelet count was 12.9 (10-15.2), 7.2 (2.8-20), and 303 (124-833) respectively. 3. Myelofibrosis (Primary and Post-PV and Post-ET myelofibrosis) (n=12) : The median age was 52 (31-75) and 5 were females. The median Hgb, WBC, and platelet count were 13.6, 14.5, and 472. Six (50 %) patients did have splenomegaly (and 5 of them have splenic size reduction after busulfan), 3 underwent splenectomy, and 3 have no palpable spleen. At a median follow up of 208 months, and 39 months (range 78-401) from the start of busulfan, 10 (84%) patients died and no leukemic transformation was documented. Conclusion: Busulfan should be considered as alternative therapy in myeloproliferative neoplasms especially in ET and PV that are intolerant to other forms of cytoreductive therapy. Busulfan may be given as pulse therapy in controlling cell counts. Disclosures Off Label Use: Busulfan as alternative therapy in myeloproliferative neoplasms.

An Alternative Elastase-mediated Degradation of Fibrinogen and Fibrin Observed in a Patient with Herpes Simplex Encephalitis and Pneumonia

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (02) ◽  
pp. 184-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji lijima ◽  
Fumiyo Murakami ◽  
Yasushi Horie ◽  
Katsumi Nakamura ◽  
Shiro Ikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis ◽  
Pmn Elastase ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Pmn Élastase

SummaryA 74-year-old female developed pneumonia following herpes simplex encephalitis. Her white blood cell counts reached 28,400/μl, about 90% of which consisted of granulocytes. The polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase/α1-arantitrypsin complex levels increased and reached the maximum of 5,019 ng/ml, indicating the release of a large amount of elastase derived from the granulocytes. The mechanism of PMN elastase release was most likely to be granulocyte destruction associated with phagocytosis. The cleavage of fibrinogen and fibrin by PMN elastase, independent of plasmin, was indicated by the presence of the fragments in immunoprecipitated plasma from the patient corresponding to elastase-induced FDP D and DD fragments and the absence of fragments corresponding to plasmin-induced FDP D and DD fragments on SDS-PAGE. These findings suggested that the large amount of PMN elastase released from the excessive numbers of granulocytes in this patient with herpes simplex encephalitis and pneumonia, induced the cleavage of fibrinogen and fibrin without the participation of plasmin.

scholarly journals Three Manual Noncommercial Methods to Prepare Equine Platelet-Rich Plasma

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1478
Author(s):  
Lorenzo G. T. M. Segabinazzi ◽  
Giorgia Podico ◽  
Michael F. Rosser ◽  
Som G. Nanjappa ◽  
Marco A. Alvarenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Upright Position ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Platelet Concentration ◽  
Manual Methods ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Over Time

In light of PRP’s increasing popularity in veterinary practice, this study aimed to compare three manual methods to prepare and cool equine PRP. The blood of 18 clinically healthy mares was collected via venipuncture in a blood transfusion bag (method 1), blood tubes (method 2), and a syringe (method 3). In method 1, samples were double centrifuged; method 2 involved one centrifugation, and in method 3 the syringe was kept in an upright position to sediment for 4 h. After processing with three methods, PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) were extracted and assessed for red (RBC) and white blood cell counts (WBC), platelet counts, and viability. In a subset of mares (n = 6), samples were processed with the three methods, and PRP was evaluated at 6 and 24 h postcooling at 5 °C. Method 1 resulted in the highest and method 3 in the lowest platelet concentration (p < 0.05), and the latter also had greater contamination with WBC than the others (p < 0.001). Platelet viability was similar across treatments (p > 0.05). Cooling for 24 h did not affect platelet counts in all methods (p > 0.05); however, platelet viability was reduced after cooling PRP produced by method 3 (p = 0.04), and agglutination increased over time in all methods (p < 0.001). The three methods increased (1.8–5.6-fold) platelet concentration in PRP compared to whole blood without compromising platelet viability. In conclusion, all three methods concentrated platelets and while cooling affected their viability. It remains unknown whether the different methods and cooling would affect PRP’s clinical efficacy.

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