Modulatory effects of Viola odorata flower and leaf extracts upon oxidative stress-related damage in an experimental model of ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emran Habibi ◽  
Milad Arab-Nozari ◽  
Pedram Elahi ◽  
Maryam Ghasemi ◽  
Fatemeh Shaki
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ethanol Injection ◽  
Viola Odorata ◽  
Stress Markers

Ethanol is the most widely abused drug in the world and its long-term use induces oxidative stress in the liver tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate protective effect of Viola odorata against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rat. Animals were divided into 9 groups as follows: control (normal saline), ethanol (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), ethanol with 3 doses (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) of ethyl acetate flower and leaf extracts, and positive control (vitamin E 80 mg/kg). Animals were gavaged 30 min before ethanol injection for 28 days. Then, animals were killed and the livers were separated. Oxidative stress parameters, including reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonyl as well as glutathione content, were evaluated. Also, histopathological examination was performed and assessment of blood alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total antioxidant capacity were evaluated. Ethanol significantly increased oxidative stress markers in liver. Interestingly, administration of both extracts significantly decreased oxidative stress markers in liver tissue and biochemical parameters in the plasma. In addition, abnormal pathological features were improved after treatment with flower and leaf extracts. These results suggested that V. odorata can be considered a candidate for improving conditions due to ethanol-induced tissue oxidative damage because of its antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals African Vegetables (Clerodendrum volibile Leaf and Irvingia gabonensis Seed Extracts) Effectively Mitigate Trastuzumab-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Olufunke Olorundare ◽  
Adejuwon Adeneye ◽  
Akinyele Akinsola ◽  
Sunday Soyemi ◽  
Alban Mgbehoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Stress Markers

Trastuzumab (TZM) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that has been approved for the clinical management of HER2-positive metastatic breast and gastric cancers but its use is limited by its cumulative dose and off-target cardiotoxicity. Unfortunately, till date, there is no approved antidote to this off-target toxicity. Therefore, an acute study was designed at investigating the protective potential and mechanism(s) of CVE and IGE in TZM-induced cardiotoxicity utilizing cardiac enzyme and oxidative stress markers and histopathological endpoints. 400 mg/kg/day CVE and IGE dissolved in 5% DMSO in sterile water were investigated in Wistar rats injected with 2.25 mg/kg/day/i.p. route of TZM for 7 days, using serum cTnI and LDH, complete lipid profile, cardiac tissue oxidative stress markers assays, and histopathological examination of TZM-intoxicated heart tissue. Results showed that 400 mg/kg/day CVE and IGE profoundly attenuated increases in the serum cTnI and LDH levels but caused no significant alterations in the serum lipids and weight gain pattern in the treated rats. CVE and IGE profoundly attenuated alterations in the cardiac tissue oxidative stress markers’ activities while improving TZM-associated cardiac histological lesions. These results suggest that CVE and IGE could be mediating its cardioprotection via antioxidant, free radical scavenging, and antithrombotic mechanisms, thus, highlighting the therapeutic potentials of CVE and IGE in the management of TZM-mediated cardiotoxicity.

scholarly journals Clerodendrum volubile Ethanol Leaf Extract: A Potential Antidote to Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufunke Esan Olorundare ◽  
Adejuwon Adewale Adeneye ◽  
Akinyele Olubiyi Akinsola ◽  
Daniel Ayodele Sanni ◽  
Mamoru Koketsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms

Doxorubicin is widely applied in hematological and solid tumor treatment but limited by its off-target cardiotoxicity. Thus, cardioprotective potential and mechanism(s) of CVE in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity were investigated using cardiac and oxidative stress markers and histopathological endpoints. 50–400 mg/kg/day CVE in 5% DMSO in distilled water were investigated in Wistar rats intraperitoneally injected with 2.5 mg/kg DOX on alternate days for 14 days, using serum troponin I and LDH, complete lipid profile, cardiac tissue oxidative stress marker assays, and histopathological examination of DOX-treated cardiac tissue. Preliminary qualitative and quantitative assays of CVE’s secondary metabolites were also conducted. Phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of flavonoids (34.79 ± 0.37 mg/100 mg dry extract), alkaloids (36.73 ± 0.27 mg/100 mg dry extract), reducing sugars (07.78 ± 0.09 mg/100 mg dry extract), and cardiac glycosides (24.55 ± 0.12 mg/100 mg dry extract). 50–400 mg/kg/day CVE significantly attenuated increases in the serum LDH and troponin I levels. Similarly, the CVE dose unrelatedly decreased serum TG and VLDL-c levels without significant alterations in the serum TC, HDL-c, and LDL-c levels. Also, CVE profoundly attenuated alterations in the cardiac tissue oxidative stress markers’ activities while improving DOX-associated cardiac histological lesions that were possibly mediated via free radical scavenging and/or antioxidant mechanisms. Overall, CVE may play a significant therapeutic role in the management of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in humans.

scholarly journals Increased Oxidative Stress in the Prefrontal Cortex as a Shared Feature of Depressive- and PTSD-Like Syndromes: Effects of a Standardized Herbal Antioxidant

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes de Munter ◽  
Dmitrii Pavlov ◽  
Anna Gorlova ◽  
Michael Sicker ◽  
Andrey Proshin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression

Major depression (MD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) share common brain mechanisms and treatment strategies. Nowadays, the dramatically developing COVID-19 situation unavoidably results in stress, psychological trauma, and high incidence of MD and PTSD. Hence, the importance of the development of new treatments for these disorders cannot be overstated. Herbal medicine appears to be an effective and safe treatment with fewer side effects than classic pharmaca and that is affordable in low-income countries. Currently, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation attract increasing attention as important mechanisms of MD and PTSD. We investigated the effects of a standardized herbal cocktail (SHC), an extract of clove, bell pepper, basil, pomegranate, nettle, and other plants, that was designed as an antioxidant treatment in mouse models of MD and PTSD. In the MD model of “emotional” ultrasound stress (US), mice were subjected to ultrasound frequencies of 16–20 kHz, mimicking rodent sounds of anxiety/despair and “neutral” frequencies of 25–45 kHz, for three weeks and concomitantly treated with SHC. US-exposed mice showed elevated concentrations of oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl, increased gene and protein expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 and other molecular changes in the prefrontal cortex as well as weight loss, helplessness, anxiety-like behavior, and neophobia that were ameliorated by the SHC treatment. In the PTSD model of the modified forced swim test (modFST), in which a 2-day swim is followed by an additional swim on day 5, mice were pretreated with SHC for 16 days. Increases in the floating behavior and oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl in the prefrontal cortex of modFST-mice were prevented by the administration of SHC. Chromatography mass spectrometry revealed bioactive constituents of SHC, including D-ribofuranose, beta-D-lactose, malic, glyceric, and citric acids that can modulate oxidative stress, immunity, and gut and microbiome functions and, thus, are likely to be active antistress elements underlying the beneficial effects of SHC. Significant correlations of malondialdehyde concentration in the prefrontal cortex with altered measures of behavioral despair and anxiety-like behavior suggest that the accumulation of oxidative stress markers are a common biological feature of MD and PTSD that can be equally effectively targeted therapeutically with antioxidant therapy, such as the SHC investigated here.

scholarly journals Effect of Clonidine (an Antihypertensive Drug) Treatment on Oxidative Stress Markers in the Heart of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Syamimi Nik Yusoff ◽  
Zulkarnain Mustapha ◽  
Chandran Govindasamy ◽  
K. N. S. Sirajudeen
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antihypertensive Drug ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Stress Markers

Hypertension is a risk factor for several cardiovascular diseases and oxidative stress suggested to be involved in the pathophysiology. Antihypertensive drug Clonidine action in ameliorating oxidative stress was not well studied. Therefore, this study investigate the effect of Clonidine on oxidative stress markers and nitric oxide (NO) in SHR and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) administered SHR. Male rats were divided into four groups [SHR, SHR+Clonidine (SHR-C), SHR+L-NAME, SHR+Clonidine+L-NAME(SHRC+L-NAME)]. Rats (SHRC) were administered with Clonidine (0.5 mg kg−1 day−1) from 4 weeks to 28 weeks in drinking water and L-NAME (25 mg kg−1 day−1) from 16 weeks to 28 weeks to SHRC+L-NAME. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured. At the end of 28 weeks, all rats were sacrificed and in their heart homogenate, oxidative stress parameters and NO was assessed. Clonidine treatment significantly enhanced the total antioxidant status (TAS) (P<0.001) and reduced the thibarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (P<0.001) and protein carbonyl content (PCO) (P<0.05). These data suggest that oxidative stress is involved in the hypertensive organ damage and Clonidine not only lowers the SBP but also ameliorated the oxidative stress in the heart of SHR and SHR+L-NAME.

scholarly journals Topamax® and Ginger Oil Potential Neurotoxicity And Their Interaction in Mice Thru Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Markers, Neurotransmitters Expression and Immunohistochemical Measurements

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia M Mabrouk ◽  
Aida El makawy ◽  
Kawkab A Ahmed ◽  
Faten M Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Immune Reactivity ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha

Abstract Background: Topamax® ® has multiple pharmacological mechanisms that are efficient to treat epilepsy and migraine. Ginger has been demonstrated to have gingerols and shogaols compounds that proven to cross the blood-brain barrier causing migraine relief, implying that it is useful in the treatment of migraines. Moreover, Topamax has many off-label uses. So it was necessary to explore the possible neurotoxicity of Topamax®, Ginger oil and their interaction in the mice brain. Methods and Results: Male mice were orally gavage with Topamax®, ginger oil (400mg/kg), and Topamax® plus ginger oil with the same pattern for one month. Oxidative stress markers, acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α), were analyzed in brain tissue. Histopathological examination by hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemical glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and Bax expression analysis were done. The mRNA levels of GABAAR subunits, Gabra1, Gabra3, and Gabra5 were evaluated by RT qPCR. The analysis of data revealed that Topamax® elevated the levels of oxidative stress markers, neurotransmitters, TNF-α, and diminished the level of glutathione reduced (GSH). Topamax® exhibited various neuropathological alterations, strong Bax expression, and GFAP immune-reactivity in the cerebral cortex. The interaction effect of Topamax® plus ginger oil attenuated the changes induced by Topamax® in the abovementioned parameters. Both Topamax® and ginger oil upregulated the mRNA expression of gabra1 and gabra3 while their interaction markedly downregulated them. Conclusion: We can conclude that the Topamax® overdose could possibly cause neurotoxicity, but the interaction with ginger oil can reduce Topamax® -induced neurotoxicity and should be taken in parallel.

Oxidative stress markers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome without insulin resistance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reveka Gyftaki ◽  
Sofia Gougoura ◽  
Nikolaos Kalogeris ◽  
Vasiliki Loi ◽  
George Koukoulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Stress Markers

Comparison of Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress Status in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Healthy Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel ◽  
Shima Fathi ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ◽  
Shiva Borzouei ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Total Oxidative Stress ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: One of the most common complications of pregnant women is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Oxidative stress can play an important role in GDM. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary antioxidants and oxidative stress markers in GDM. Method: Twenty pregnant women with GDM and 20 healthy pregnant women with normal blood glucose test participated in this study. Five mL of unstimulated saliva samples were collected. Spectrophotometric assay was carried out for sialochemical analysis. Stata software was used for data analysis. Results: The GDM group exhibited no significant difference in salivary total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde compared to the healthy control group. All of antioxidants markers, the uric acid, total antioxidant, peroxidase and catalase, decreased in GDM group that the difference of peroxidase and catalase was statistically significant. All of oxidative stress markers, the salivary malondyaldehid, total oxidative stress and total thiol, increased in GDM group. GDM group exhibited significantly higher salivary total oxidative stress levels. Conclusion: Catalase level was significantly lower and total oxidative stress was significantly higher. These two markers might have significant importance and might exhibit early changes compared to other factors in GDM. . Some of salivary antioxidants might have diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic implications in GDM. Other studies with large sample size on salivary and blood samples need to be done to confirm this properties and salivary samples using instead of blood samples in GDM biomarkers changes.

Evaluation of Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress Markers in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Fathi ◽  
Shiva Borzouei ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal ◽  
Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a progressive metabolic disorder. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between antioxidant and oxidative stress markers in the saliva of patients with type 2 DM and a healthy control group. Methods: In this study, 20 patients with diabetes and 20 healthy individuals were evaluated. Salivary antioxidants markers consisted of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), uric acid (UA), peroxidase and catalase. Oxidative stress markers included total oxidant status (TOS), malondealdehyde (MDA) and total thiol (SH). Sialochemical analysis was performed with spectrophotometric assay. All the statistical analyses were conducted using STATA software. Results: TAC decreased significantly in patients with diabetes. Although salivary UA and peroxidase were lower in patients with diabetes compared to the control group, the difference was not significant. Salivary catalase in patients with diabetes was significantly lower than that in the control group. MDA and TOS exhibited significantly higher levels in type 2 DM. SH levels were slightly higher in DM. Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, there were some changes in the salivary levels of some antioxidants and oxidative stress markers in patients with type 2 DM and could be measured as an indicator of serum changes..

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