Low K+ in Paphiopedilum leeanum leaf epidermis: implications for stomatal functioning

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherman D. Nelson ◽  
James M. Mayo
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Leaf Epidermis ◽  
Photometric Analysis ◽  
Abaxial Epidermis ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Stomatal Functioning ◽  
Low K ◽  
Stomatal Mechanism

Abaxial epidermal strips from leaves of Paphiopedilum leeanum were analyzed via sodium cobaltinitrite staining and atomic absorption spectrophotometry for the presence and location of potassium. On a dry weight basis K content of the abaxial epidermis was found to be 103 times less than has been reported in other species, and unlike other species no localization of K+ in guard cells of open stomata could be detected via the sodium cobaltinitrite stain for potassium.Flame photometric analysis of the mesophyll indicated that it contained normal amounts of K+ (about 1.87% on a dry weight basis). Analysis showed that the K+ content of the abaxial epidermis (0.032%) was considerably less than that of the mesophyll, a situation unlike previous reports for other species in which the epidermal concentration was found to be greater than the mesophyll. A process for exclusion of K+ from the abaxial epidermis is suggested, as is the lack of involvement of K+ as the major osmoticum in the stomatal mechanism of this species.

Essential Elements in Dry and Canned Butter Beans (Phaseolus limensis L.)

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-206
Author(s):  
ANTHONY LOPEZ ◽  
HARRIET L. WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Element Content ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Process Element

Ten essential elements were determined in dry and canned butter beans (Phaseolus limensis L.) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Samples were taken at different stages during the canning process to determine where changes in element content occurred. The content of each sample was compared statistically to other samples taken within the process. Element retention, excluding chloride and sodium, ranged from 51 to 84% on a dry weight basis, and 14 to 24% on wet weight basis.

Essential Elements in Dry and Canned Chick Peas (Cicer arietinum L.)

1988 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 574-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY LOPEZ ◽  
HARRIET L. WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Process Element

Ten essential elements were determined in dry and canned chick peas (Cicer arietinum L.) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Samples were taken at different stages during the canning process to determine where changes in element content occurred. The content of each sample was compared statistically to other samples taken within the process. Element retention, excluding chloride and sodium, ranged from 12 to 127% on a dry weight basis and 4 to 45% on wet weight basis.

scholarly journals Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc Contents of Fish Marketed in NW Mexico

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín G. Frías-Espericueta ◽  
Francia K. G. Zamora-Sarabia ◽  
J. Isidro Osuna-López ◽  
María D. Muy-Rangel ◽  
Werner Rubio-Carrasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Fish Muscles ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Nw Mexico ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Copper Lead

To assess if they were within the safety limits for human consumption, the Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn contents of fish muscles, bought from separate stalls of the fish markets of nine cities of NW Mexico, were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Considering all fish and markets, the mean contents were Zn:23.23±5.83, Cu:1.72±0.63, Cd:0.27±0.07, and Pb:0.09±0.04 µg/g (dry weight). Cu, Zn, and Pb did not reach levels of concern for human consumption, but the high Cd values determined in Mazatlán (Mugil cephalus:0.48±0.15;Diapterusspp.:0.57±0.33;Lutjanusspp.:0.72±0.12; small shark:0.87±0.19 µg/g dry weight) indicate that this was the only metal of concern for human health because the daily individual consumption of fish muscle to reach the PTDI would be within 0.27 and 0.41 kg.

Levels of hippocampal calcium and zinc following kindling-induced epilepsy

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Mody ◽  
J. J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Granule Cells ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry

Hippocampal calcium and zinc content was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry in control and commissural-kindled rats. In animals exhibiting 5–10 consecutive motor seizures hippocampal calcium was slightly elevated (356.7 parts per million (ppm), dry weight) but not significantly different from controls (329.8 ppm), whereas the amount of zinc was significantly higher (101.6 ppm) than in nonstimulated animals (88.3 ppm). These results are indicative of certain pathophysiological changes in kindled hippocampi, most likely localized to the granule cells of the dentate gyrus where the bulk of hippocampal zinc is confined.

scholarly journals A PROCEDURE FOR THE USE OF ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY IN QUANTITATIVE HISTOCHEMISTRY

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS H. ROSENQUIST ◽  
JUDITH W. ROSENQUIST
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Precipitation Reaction ◽  
Colloidal Iron ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Ready Availability

In this quantitative histochemical study, tissues were sectioned, then stained with procedures that conferred a metallic precipitate. Sections were photographed, removed from the slides, air-dried and weighed and then dissolved in acid and the metal content analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The stains used in this study were the Alcian Blue (copper phthalocyanin) critical electrolyte concentration procedure on sections of the heart and duodenum from young male rats, colloidal iron on sections of the kidney from adolescent and senescent rats, silver impregnation on sections of the kidney of adolescent and senescent rats and an adenosine triphosphatase lead precipitation reaction on sections of the liver, kidney and heart from adolescent and senescent mice. The objective data obtained by the use of atomic absorption spectrophotometry, reported as micrograms of metal per milligram of dry weight of tissue, allowed statistical analysis of any differences in stain intensity of metallic dyes or metal-precipitating histochemical reactions. Attributes of atomic absorption spectrophotometry which make it desirable for use in this application include accuracy, ease of operation, low cost and ready availability.

Analysis of Foods for Arsenic and Selenium by Acid Digestion, Hydride Evolution Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Ihnat ◽  
Hanford J Miller
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Transient Signal ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Inorganic As ◽  
Entrained Air ◽  
Reference Samples

Abstract A method based on acid digestion, hydride evolution atomic absorption spectrophotometry for estimating microgram and submicrogram quantities of As and Se in foods was developed and evaluated. Samples up to 3 g dry weight were digested with HNO3-HClO4-H2SO4. As and Se in aliquots of the digests were reduced with NaBH4 to volatile hydrides, using laboratory-constructed and commercially available generators. As and Se were estimated by transient signal atomic absorbance measurements as the hydrides were decomposed in an Ar-H2-entrained air flame. Recoveries of inorganic As and Se added at levels of 0.1—1.0 μg/g to a variety of foods ranged from 70 to 125%. Analyses of several standard reference samples indicated the method is capable of recovering native analytes. Detection limits for the determinative step and the method as a whole were as low as 5 and 25 ng, respectively, for both elements.

scholarly journals Metal concentration in commonly sold fruit vegetables in dhaka city market and probable health risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Romana Sultana ◽  
AS Chamon ◽  
MN Mondol ◽  
I Tasnim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Vegetable Samples ◽  
Lady’S Finger ◽  
Heavy Metal Determination ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

The present study evaluated the concentration of heavy metals in six different fruit vegetables collected from Kawran Bazar market of Dhaka city of Bangladesh. The analyzed fruit vegetable samples were randomly collected, processed and analyzed for heavy metal determination using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Mean concentrations (mg kg-1) of Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn of Lady’s finger, Pumpkin, Tomato, Brinjal, Snake gourd and Cucumber were within the range of 0.83 to 4.88, 0.08 to 0.18, 0 to 3.00, 0.33 to 3.70, 8.10 to 10.88, 17.81 to 45.91, 53.00 to 131.50 and 10.40 to 45.90 mg kg-1 of dry weight, respectively. Mean concentration (mg kg-1) of Cr in Brinjal (4.88); Pb in Pumpkin (3.00) and Brinjal (0.50); Ni in Snake gourd (3.70); Cu in Lady’s finger (10.10), Brinjal (10.88), Snake gourd (10.53) and Cucumber (10.48) were higher than the maximum permissible limit (MPL). The study suggests regular monitoring of heavy metals in vegetables to prevent excessive accumulation in human body. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(1): 35-47, 2021 (January)

scholarly journals Content and Accumulation of Oxalic Acid in Edible Species of Xanthosoma.

1969 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Dolores Cuebas de Escabí ◽  
Arturo Cedeño-Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Tissue Development ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Edible Species ◽  
Different Tissues

A study was conducted to determine the content and accumulation of oxalic acid in tissues of three edible species of the genus Xanthosoma: X. caracu, X. atrovirens and X. violaceum. Oxalic acid determinations were performed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Significant differences were found among the species and tissues studied. Oxalate content was higher in leaf blade and petiole tissues and lower in the pulp of the cormels or rhizomes. Oxalate content in the rhizomes was lowest in X. violaceum and highest in X. caracu. Accumulation in different tissues was progressive and simultaneous with tissue development. No evidence of acid translocation was detected. Postharvest storage of rhizomes resulted in progressive reduction in oxalate content. In all samples analyzed throughout the study the oxalate content of cormels never exceeded 3% of their dry weight.

Analysis of Lead Heavy Metal (Pb) Contamination on Matte Lipstick Preparations for Sale in Banda Aceh City Aceh Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizki Andalia ◽  
Mulia Aria Suzanni ◽  
Rini Rini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Pb Contamination ◽  
Body Organ ◽  
Banda Aceh

Lipstick or lip dye is a cosmetic dose that serves to coloring, decorative the lips, as a moisturizing material and protect the lips from exposure the sun to provide optimum results. Lipstick should not contain chemicals such as lead (Pb) because the Pb is a heavy metal that is very dangerous when continuously used on the skin, because it will be absorbed into the blood and attack the body organ causing the onset of disease. According to BPOM that the lead rate on the lipstick does not exceed the permissible limit of 20 mg/kg or 20 ppm.This research aims to know the levels contained in the samples are 4 brands of matte lipstick that are sold in the Aceh market in Banda Aceh City with the method of atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that on the 4 brands of lipstick matte contain heavy metal lead (Pb) with a rate still qualified allowed by BPOM  is samples A, B, C, and D, respectively at 0.24 ppm; 0.10 ppm; 2.87 ppm and 1.32 ppm, so that the 4 brands of lipstick matte are still used.

ERRORS ASSOCIATED WITH HERBAGE DISSECTION ANALYSES 2. Problems of species identification

1976 ◽  
pp. 213-225
Author(s):  
I.M. Ritchie ◽  
C.C. Boswell ◽  
A.M. Badland
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Plant Identification ◽  
Leaf Fragment ◽  
Research Division ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Botanical Analysis

HERBACE DISSECTION is the process in which samples of herbage cut from trials are separated by hand into component species. Heavy reliance is placed on herbage dissection as an analytical tool ,in New Zealand, and in the four botanical analysis laboratories in the Research Division of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries about 20 000 samples are analysed each year. In the laboratory a representative subsample is taken by a rigorous quartering procedure until approximately 400 pieces of herbage remain. Each leaf fragment is then identified to species level or groups of these as appropriate. The fractions are then dried and the composition calculated on a percentage dry weight basis. The accuracy of the analyses of these laboratories has been monitored by a system of interchanging herbage dissection samples between them. From this, the need to separate subsampling errors from problems of plant identification was, appreciated and some of this work is described here.

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