Effect of aqueous leachates from polyvinyl chloride on seed germination and growth of various crop species

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1072-1075
Author(s):  
M. P. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Severe Growth

Aqueous leachates obtained from soaking 0.5-cm2 pieces of flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheets in water for 1, 4, or 24 weeks and applied to various crops in sand culture exhibited no effect on seed germination but severely inhibited the growth, measured as fresh and dry weights of foliage, of all the crop species tested. In general, growth inhibition of various crops by PVC leachates of 4- and 24-week duration was significantly greater than that caused by the leachates of 1-week duration. There was, however, no significant difference in growth inhibition by PVC leachates of 4- and 24-week duration. Growth of broadleaved species, cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), faba bean (Vicia faba L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), and tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.), was inhibited more than in the monocot species, com (Zea mays L.). Residues from PVC leachates persisted in sand and caused severe growth inhibition of all crop species tested for two subsequent plantings.

scholarly journals 684 PB 224 GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF CUCUMBERS IN IMMATURE BIOSOLIDS-YARD TRIMMING COMPOST

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 530g-530
Author(s):  
Nancy E. Roe ◽  
Peter J. Stoffella
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Rapid Production ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Field Plots

Rapid production of compost often results in crop damage by phytotoxic compounds or high C/N ratios in immature (uncured) compost. The influence of immature biosolids-yard trimmings compost on germination and growth of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was evaluated. Germination percentages of cucumbers seeded in equal parts (v/v) of compost and vermiculite were similar to those in vermiculite. When screened compost was placed in flats and compared with flats of potting mix or sandy field soil, germination percentages were 98, 96, and 89 for mix, sand, and compost respectively. Germination in compost-amended field plots was higher than in soil when cucumbers were planted 1, 2 or 10 weeks after compost application, but similar in 3 and 5 week plantings. Use of this immature compost increased, decreased, or did not affect cucumber seed germination, depending on media and growing conditions.

scholarly journals Impact of Salinity Stress on Germination and Growth of Pea (Pisum sativum L) Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-159
Author(s):  
Amal F Ehtaiwwesh ◽  
Munira J Emsahel
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Germination And Growth

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of salinity stress on germination and growth of pea (Pisum sativum L) plants. A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of salinity stress on germination and growth of pea Pisum sativum L plant. Seeds of pea were sown in Petri dishes and pots and treated with four different levels of salinity (0, 50, 100, and 150mM NaCl) with completely randomized designs in four replications. Results revealed that seeds of pea were able to germinate at low salinity levels (NaCl 50mM NaCl) without a significant decrease in germination and growth traits, at the same time as a severe decrease in those traits were recorded at higher levels of salinity (100 and 150mM NaCl). The results indicated that seed germination and seedling establishment were inhibited due to the decrease of water potential, which results in the decline in water uptake by seeds, and seed germination was prevented by a high level of salinity stress (150mM NaCl). The results pointed out that germination percentage (GP), mean daily germination (MDG), germination speed (GS), and vigor index (SVI) varied under moderate and high salinity levels. All the studied parameters were reduced with increasing the NaCl level. The max and min GP, MDG, GS, and SVI were observed under control conditions (0mM NaCl) and highest salinity level (150mM NaCl) respectively. The same trend was seen in plant growth traits including: plant height, branch number, leaf number, leaf area, and shoot fresh and dry weight. The results provided important reference information for research on the impact of salinity on germination and growth of pea.

Volatile Monoterpenes as Potential Parent Structures for New Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven F. Vaughn ◽  
Gayland F. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Weed Seed ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Annual Weeds ◽  
Germination And Growth

Eighteen volatile monoterpenes, which are among the major constituents of essential oils from plants, were screened for phytotoxicity to several crop and weed species. Several monoterpenes containing an oxygen function severely inhibited germination of four different annual weeds while concurrently displaying little effect on soybean germination. Soybeans varied in their sensitivity to various monoterpenes (measured by seedling growth), with α-terpineol and geraniol selectivity inhibiting weed seed germination while having little or no effect on soybeans. All of the monoterpenes tested exhibited relatively high germination and growth inhibition to corn and wheat.

scholarly journals Comparison of refined and non-refined wastewater effect on wheat seed germination and growth under drought

Water SA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4 October) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Heidari ◽  
Saman Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Germination And Growth

Wastewater has attracted special attention as a possible source of irrigation. The present study aimed to compare the effect of refined and non-refined wastewater on wheat seed germination and growth under induced drought conditions in laboratory and pot experiments. The laboratory experiment included the iso-osmotic potentials of −0.275, −0.4, and −0.47 MPa of polyethylene glycol (PEG, as a drought factor) and wastewater. In addition, the pot experiment included a wastewater factor (i.e., tap water, 100% refined wastewater, 50% refined wastewater + 50% non-refined wastewater, and 100% non-refined wastewater) and a drought factor (i.e., an irrigation interval of two and three days as normal and drought conditions, respectively). The results demonstrated that the drought related to PEG did not reduce seed germination while wastewater decreased seed germination. Further, an osmotic potential of −0.47 MPa resulted in the highest and lowest radicle length in both wastewater and PEG, respectively. The results also revealed that caulicle length and seed vigour were decreased by PEG as the osmotic potential increased while no significant difference was observed between wastewater treatments and distilled water (control). Based on the results, an irrigation interval of 3 days with 100% non-refined wastewater produced the highest chlorophyll content and 100% refined and 100% non-refined wastewater produced a larger leaf area compared to the control. Furthermore, drought with wastewater application increased specific leaf weight whereas it reduced the total biomass compared to control (i.e., tap water with an irrigation interval of 2 days), except for 100% non-refined wastewater. Therefore, wastewater application compensates for the adverse effect of drought due to nutrient addition.

scholarly journals Biostimulant application in the cultivation of cucumber (Cucumis sativus l.): A case study of Andijan region

2021 ◽  
Vol 939 (1) ◽  
pp. 012093
Author(s):  
M Baratova ◽  
Sh Kosimova ◽  
S Bustonova ◽  
M Baratova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Growth Stimulant ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Effective Growth

Abstract This article describes the results of the conducted field experiment by using biostimulants “Uchkun”, “Super Uchkun”, “Gossipren” and “Verva” on cucumber varieties (Orzu) in Andijan region and the effect on the increase of productivity. It was revealed that the pre-sowing treatment of cucumber seeds with biostimulants promoted a significant increase in seed germination and growth processes. The most effective growth stimulant on Orzu cucumber was Super Uchkun. On average, the yield of cucumber when treated with biostimulants increased by 10.28%; 23.8%; 24.27% and 14.29%, respectively; while the yield increase was 1.3, 2.3, 2.7, and 0.9 t/ha, respectively.

Influence of Rye (Secale cereale) Plant Residues on Germination and Growth of Three Triazine-Resistant and Susceptible Weeds

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Przepiorkowski ◽  
Stanley F. Gorski
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Shoot Tissue ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Significant Growth Inhibition

Greenhouse and laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of rye residues on germination and growth of three triazine-resistant weed species, barnyardgrass, willowherb, and horseweed. Soil containing rye roots was used to determine rye residue influence on seed germination. Willowherb and horseweed germination was inhibited up to 50% with the highest rate of rye, but there was no inhibition of barnyardgrass germination. Aqueous extracts of rye shoot tissue inhibited incubator germination of horseweed and willowherb, but did not significantly influence barnyardgrass germination. Although there were no germination differences between the susceptible and resistant biotypes, both were totally inhibited when a 5% w/v solution was used. Growth inhibition of the selected weeds was evaluated using rye root residues in soil. All combinations of biotypes, species, and rye seeding rates showed significant growth inhibition.

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