Chrysin treatment improves diabetes and its complications in liver, brain, and pancreas in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad ◽  
Fariborz Samini ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Dose Dependent

Chrysin (CH) is a natural flavonoid with pharmacological influences. The purpose of the current study was the assessment of possible protective effects of CH against oxidative damage in the serum, liver, brain, and pancreas of streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetic rats. In the present study, the rats were divided into the following groups of 8 animals each: control, untreated diabetic, 3 CH (20, 40, 80 mg/kg/day)-treated diabetic groups. To find out the modulations of cellular antioxidant defense systems, malondialdehyde (MDA) level and antioxidant enzymes including glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were determined in the serum, liver, brain, and pancreas. STZ caused an elevation of glucose, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C and with reduction of HDL-C, total protein, SOD, CAT, and GST in the serum, liver, brain, and pancreas (p < 0.01). The findings showed that the significant elevation in the glucose, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C and reduction of HDL-C, total protein, SOD, CAT, and GST were ameliorated in the CH-treated diabetic groups versus to the untreated groups, in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). The current study offers that CH may be recovered diabetes and its complications by modification of oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Role of germanium L-cysteine α-tocopherol complex as stimulator of some antioxidant defense systems in gamma-irradiated rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamdouh Ali ◽  
Eman Noaman ◽  
Sherien Kamal ◽  
Saaed Soliman ◽  
Dina Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Gamma Irradiated

Role of germanium L-cysteine α-tocopherol complex as stimulator of some antioxidant defense systems in gamma-irradiated rats This study was conducted to evaluate the potency of the newly prepared germanium L-cysteine α-tocopherol complex [germanium dichloro tetrakis (L-cysteinyl-α-tocopherol amide) dichloride] as a protective agent against γ-irradiation-induced free radicals production and liver toxicity. Male Swiss albino rats were injected intraperitoneally with the germanium complex in a concentration of 75 mg kg-1 body mass per dose, for 6 successive doses, last dose administered twenty minutes pre-exposure to a single dose of whole body γ-irradiation of 6.5 Gy. Lipid peroxidation (LPx), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH) levels, and activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were estimated in blood and liver. Blood total protein, cholesterol, triglyceride and α-tocopherol content were estimated as well. The results revealed that administration of germanium complex pre-irradiation resulted in significant (p < 0.001) improvement compared to the irradiated group in the level of hepatic and blood LPx. Hepatic GSH revealed a significant increase (p < 0.001), while its level showed no significant variation in blood. Also, the level of NO in blood and liver increased significantly (p < 0.001). On the other hand, pretreatment with the germanium complex normalized the activities of SOD, GPx and CAT in blood and liver when compared to the irradiated group. The study also documents a marked decrease in a blood triglyceride and cholesterol (p < 0.001) and a significant increase (p < 0.001) of α-tocopherol and total protein contents in blood. These biochemical changes were associated with marked improvement of histological status. Therefore, the germanium L-cysteine α-tocopherol complex may be a good candidate for ameliorating the changes induced by irradiation, which indicates the beneficial radio-protective role of this antioxidant agent.

scholarly journals Safranal Treatment Improves Hyperglycemia, Hyperlipidemia and Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Abasalt Borji ◽  
Mohammad Bagher Delkhosh ◽  
Fariborz Samini
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems

Purpose. Clinical research has confirmed the efficacy of several plant extracts in the modulation of oxidative stress associated with diabetes mellitus. Findings indicate that safranal has antioxidant properties. The aim of the present study was the evaluation of possible protective effects of safranal against oxidative damage in diabetic rats. Methods. In this study, the rats were divided into the following groups of 8 animals each: control, untreated diabetic, three safranal (0.25, 0.50, 0.75 mg/kg/day)-treated diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in rats. STZ was injected intraperitoneally at a single dose of 60 mg/kg for diabetes induction. Safranal (intraperitoneal injection) was administered 3 days after STZ administration; these injections were continued to the end of the study (4 weeks). At the end of the 4-week period, blood was drawn for biochemical assays. In order to determine the changes of cellular antioxidant defense systems, antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were measured in serum. Moreover we also measured serum nitric oxide (NO) and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, a marker of lipid peroxidation.  Results. STZ-induced diabetes caused an elevation (p < 0.001) of blood glucose, MDA, NO, total lipids, triglycerides and cholesterol, with reduction of GSH level and CAT and SOD activities. The results indicated that the significant elevation in the blood glucose, MDA, NO, total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol and reduction of glutathione level and CAT and SOD activity were ameliorated in the safranal–treated diabetic groups compared with the untreated groups, in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05, p<0.01, p < 0.001). Conclusion. These results suggest that safranal has antioxidant properties and improves chemically-induced diabetes and its complications by modulation of oxidative stress. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

Radioprotective Effect of Ginsan through Stimulating the Hematopoiesis and Modulating Antioxidant Enzymes

2005 ◽  
Vol 277-279 ◽  
pp. 660-666
Author(s):  
Jie Young Song ◽  
Soo Jeong Son ◽  
Ji Young Shim ◽  
Ji Yeon Ahn ◽  
Hyung Doo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Radioprotective Action ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems

An immunomodulator ginsan, polysaccharide isolated from Panax ginseng, showed a mitogenic activity, generation of LAK cells, and the secretion of several cytokines. In the present study, we evaluated the protective effects of in vivo injected ginsan against irradiation. Ginsan was found to significantly increase the number of bone marrow cells, spleen cells and the number of circulating neutrophils, lymphocytes and platelets in irradiated mice. In addition, ginsan induced the production of a variety of cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-a and SCF, which are required for a hematopoietic recovery and are closely correlated with the antioxidant defense systems. We demonstrated that the pretreatment with ginsan protected the mice from the lethal effects of ionizing radiation more effectively than given after the irradiation. A dramatic increase of the survival of the ginsan-treated group from LD50/30 7.54 Gy of the PBS-control group to 10.93 Gy was observed. Moreover, the levels of the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and gluthathion peroxidase (GPx) were increased 1.5-2 fold in the ginsan treated mice compared to the irradiated mice. In conclusion, our data suggests that the radioprotective action of ginsan in the irradiated mice may be due to not only to the rapid regeneration of hematopoietic cells but also to the modulation of antioxidant defense systems.

scholarly journals Catechin Treatment Ameliorates Diabetes and Its Complications in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Dose-Response ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 155932581769115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Apo B

Context: Diabetes mellitus causes atherosclerosis and lipid abnormalities. Hypolipidemic and antioxidative properties of catechin (CTN) have been reported in several studies. Objective: This study assesses the possible protective effects of CTN against oxidative damage in the diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into the control, untreated diabetic, and 3 CTN-treated diabetic groups (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneal). The diabetic rats were induced by streptozotocin. Catechin was injected for 4 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, glucose, lipid profile, apoprotein A-I (apo A-I), apoprotein B (apo B), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and antioxidant enzymes including glutathione- S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were determined in serum. Statistical analyses were performed using the InStat 3.0 program. Results: Streptozotocin caused an elevation of glucose, MDA, triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apo B with reduction in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apo A-I, SOD, CAT, and GST in the serum ( P < .05). The findings showed that the significant elevation in the body weight, glucose, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C, and apo B and reduction in HDL-C, apo A-I, SOD, CAT, and GST were ameliorated in the CTN-treated diabetic groups versus the untreated group, in a dose-dependent manner ( P < .05). Conclusion: The present investigation proposes that CTN may ameliorate diabetes and its complications by modification of oxidative stress.

Anti-oxidative Herbs and Indomethacin-Induced Rat Gastric Mucosal Lesions: Protection by GamiHyangsa-Yukgunja

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heung Mook Shin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Gastric Lesion ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Tissue Damages ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Mucosa Cell

This study investigates the protective effects of GamiHyangsa-Yukgunja (GHY, a popular herbal medicine formula) on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions and morphological change in rats. Subcutaneous injection of indomethacin (25 mg/kg) produced the following gastric morphological alterations; mucosa hermorrhagic infarct, mucosa cell necrosis, leukocyte infiltration, mucosa hemorrhagic erosion, and gastric pit disappearance. Tissue damages were accompanied by increased oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities, and glutathione (GSH) concentrations. Our results show that pretreatment of the rats with orally administered GHY extract (3.3 ml/kg/day) significantly reduced gastric lesion formation and caused the amelioration of several pathological changes in the above-mentioned gastric mucosal lesions. Concomuitantly, GHY-pretreatment increased gastric mucosal SOD and CAT activities and GSH concentrations. We therefore propose that GHY exerts a prophylactic effect on the indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions by enhancing antioxidant defense systems.

scholarly journals Necroptosis protects against exacerbation of acute pancreatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michittra Boonchan ◽  
Hideki Arimochi ◽  
Kunihiro Otsuka ◽  
Tomoko Kobayashi ◽  
Hisanori Uehara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Necrotizing Pancreatitis ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Edematous Pancreatitis ◽  
Genetic Deletion ◽  
Dose Dependent

AbstractThe sensing of various extrinsic stimuli triggers the receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3)-mediated signaling pathway, which leads to mixed-lineage kinase-like (MLKL) phosphorylation followed by necroptosis. Although necroptosis is a form of cell death and is involved in inflammatory conditions, the roles of necroptosis in acute pancreatitis (AP) remain unclear. In the current study, we administered caerulein to Ripk3- or Mlkl-deficient mice (Ripk3−/− or Mlkl−/− mice, respectively) and assessed the roles of necroptosis in AP. We found that Ripk3−/− mice had significantly more severe pancreatic edema and inflammation associated with macrophage and neutrophil infiltration than control mice. Consistently, Mlkl−/− mice were more susceptible to caerulein-induced AP, which occurred in a time- and dose-dependent manner, than control mice. Mlkl−/− mice exhibit weight loss, edematous pancreatitis, necrotizing pancreatitis, and acinar cell dedifferentiation in response to tissue damage. Genetic deletion of Mlkl resulted in downregulation of the antiapoptotic genes Bclxl and Cflar in association with increases in the numbers of apoptotic cells, as detected by TUNEL assay. These findings suggest that RIPK3 and MLKL-mediated necroptosis exerts protective effects in AP and caution against the use of necroptosis inhibitors for AP treatment.

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