Radioprotective Effect of Ginsan through Stimulating the Hematopoiesis and Modulating Antioxidant Enzymes

2005 ◽  
Vol 277-279 ◽  
pp. 660-666
Author(s):  
Jie Young Song ◽  
Soo Jeong Son ◽  
Ji Young Shim ◽  
Ji Yeon Ahn ◽  
Hyung Doo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Radioprotective Action ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems

An immunomodulator ginsan, polysaccharide isolated from Panax ginseng, showed a mitogenic activity, generation of LAK cells, and the secretion of several cytokines. In the present study, we evaluated the protective effects of in vivo injected ginsan against irradiation. Ginsan was found to significantly increase the number of bone marrow cells, spleen cells and the number of circulating neutrophils, lymphocytes and platelets in irradiated mice. In addition, ginsan induced the production of a variety of cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-a and SCF, which are required for a hematopoietic recovery and are closely correlated with the antioxidant defense systems. We demonstrated that the pretreatment with ginsan protected the mice from the lethal effects of ionizing radiation more effectively than given after the irradiation. A dramatic increase of the survival of the ginsan-treated group from LD50/30 7.54 Gy of the PBS-control group to 10.93 Gy was observed. Moreover, the levels of the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and gluthathion peroxidase (GPx) were increased 1.5-2 fold in the ginsan treated mice compared to the irradiated mice. In conclusion, our data suggests that the radioprotective action of ginsan in the irradiated mice may be due to not only to the rapid regeneration of hematopoietic cells but also to the modulation of antioxidant defense systems.

scholarly journals Changes in Bone Metabolism and Antioxidant Defense Systems in Menopause-Induced Rats fed Bran Extract from Dark Purple Rice (Oryza sativa L. Cv. Superjami)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2926
Author(s):  
Soo Im Chung ◽  
Su Noh Ryu ◽  
Mi Young Kang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Menopause is a matter of concern for women’s health due to a deficiency of female hormones; additionally, reactive oxygen species and aging can cause osteoporosis. Food becomes increasingly interesting as a menopausal woman’s alternative to hormone therapy. The effects of ethanol extracts from dark purple Superjami rice bran on bone metabolism and antioxidant defense systems in menopause-induced animal models were evaluated. Female rats underwent sham surgery or were ovariectomized to induce a menopause-like state. Rats were divided into a sham control group (SHAM), an ovariectomized control group (OVX), and an ovariectomized grou supplemented with Superjami rice bran extract group (OVX-S) and fed for 8 weeks. The OVX groups exhibited significantly more weight gain, amounts of bone turnover biochemical markers (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and C-terminal telopeptide), bone loss, lipid-peroxidation and oxidative stress than the SHAM group. However, Superjami bran extract added to the diet resulted in a significant reduction in body weight and lipid peroxidation, as well as enhanced bone metabolism and antioxidant enzyme activities, in ovariectomized rats. These results propound that extracts from Superjami rice bran have therapeutic potentiality against bone loss and oxidative stress in menopause-induced states and will be useful in preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis and oxidative damage.

Chrysin treatment improves diabetes and its complications in liver, brain, and pancreas in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad ◽  
Fariborz Samini ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Dose Dependent

Chrysin (CH) is a natural flavonoid with pharmacological influences. The purpose of the current study was the assessment of possible protective effects of CH against oxidative damage in the serum, liver, brain, and pancreas of streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetic rats. In the present study, the rats were divided into the following groups of 8 animals each: control, untreated diabetic, 3 CH (20, 40, 80 mg/kg/day)-treated diabetic groups. To find out the modulations of cellular antioxidant defense systems, malondialdehyde (MDA) level and antioxidant enzymes including glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were determined in the serum, liver, brain, and pancreas. STZ caused an elevation of glucose, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C and with reduction of HDL-C, total protein, SOD, CAT, and GST in the serum, liver, brain, and pancreas (p < 0.01). The findings showed that the significant elevation in the glucose, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C and reduction of HDL-C, total protein, SOD, CAT, and GST were ameliorated in the CH-treated diabetic groups versus to the untreated groups, in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). The current study offers that CH may be recovered diabetes and its complications by modification of oxidative stress.

Anti-oxidative Herbs and Indomethacin-Induced Rat Gastric Mucosal Lesions: Protection by GamiHyangsa-Yukgunja

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heung Mook Shin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Gastric Lesion ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Tissue Damages ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Mucosa Cell

This study investigates the protective effects of GamiHyangsa-Yukgunja (GHY, a popular herbal medicine formula) on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions and morphological change in rats. Subcutaneous injection of indomethacin (25 mg/kg) produced the following gastric morphological alterations; mucosa hermorrhagic infarct, mucosa cell necrosis, leukocyte infiltration, mucosa hemorrhagic erosion, and gastric pit disappearance. Tissue damages were accompanied by increased oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities, and glutathione (GSH) concentrations. Our results show that pretreatment of the rats with orally administered GHY extract (3.3 ml/kg/day) significantly reduced gastric lesion formation and caused the amelioration of several pathological changes in the above-mentioned gastric mucosal lesions. Concomuitantly, GHY-pretreatment increased gastric mucosal SOD and CAT activities and GSH concentrations. We therefore propose that GHY exerts a prophylactic effect on the indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions by enhancing antioxidant defense systems.

Ethanol Extract of Achillea fragrantissima Enhances Angiogenesis through Stimulation of VEGF Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana M. Hammad ◽  
Amer Imraish ◽  
Maysa Al-Hussaini ◽  
Malek Zihlif ◽  
Amani A. Harb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Aortic Ring ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Achillea Fragrantissima

Objective: Achillea fragrantissima L. (Asteraceae) is a traditionally used medicinal herb in the rural communities of Jordan. Methods: The present study evaluated the efficacy of the ethanol extract of this species on angiogenesis in both, ex vivo using rat aortic ring assay and in vivo using rat excision wound model. Results: In concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/ml, the ethanol extract showed angiogenic stimulatory effect and significantly increased length of capillary protrusions around aorta rings of about 60% in comparison to those of untreated aorta rings. In MCF-7 cells, the ethanol extract of A. fragrantissima stimulates the production of VEGF in a dose-dependent manner. 1% and 5% of ethanol extract of A. fragrantissima containing vaseline based ointment was applied on rat excision wounds for six days and was found to be effective in wound healing and maturation of the scar. Both preparations resulted in better wound healing when compared to the untreated control group and vaseline-treated group. This effect was comparable to that induced by MEBO, the positive control. Conclusion: The results indicate that A. fragrantissima has a pro-angiogenic effect, which may act through the VEGF signaling pathway.

Cold Plasma Treatment Promotes Full-thickness Healing of Skin Wounds in Murine Models

2021 ◽  
pp. 153473462110021
Author(s):  
Joon M. Jung ◽  
Hae K. Yoon ◽  
Chang J. Jung ◽  
Soo Y. Jo ◽  
Sang G. Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Cold Plasma ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Skin Wound Healing

Cold plasma can be beneficial for promoting skin wound healing and has a high potential of being effectively used in treating various wounds. Our aim was to verify the effect of cold plasma in accelerating wound healing and investigate its underlying mechanism in vitro and in vivo. For the in vivo experiments, 2 full-thickness dermal wounds were created in each mouse (n = 30). While one wound was exposed to 2 daily plasma treatments for 3 min, the other wound served as a control. The wounds were evaluated by imaging and histological analyses at 4, 7, and 11 days post the wound infliction process. Immunohistochemical studies were also performed at the same time points. In vitro proliferation and scratch assay using HaCaT keratinocytes and fibroblasts were performed. The expression levels of wound healing–related genes were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. On day 7, the wound healing rates were 53.94% and 63.58% for the control group and the plasma-treated group, respectively. On day 11, these rates were 76.05% and 93.44% for the control and plasma-treated groups, respectively, and the difference between them was significant ( P = .039). Histological analysis demonstrated that plasma treatment promotes the formation of epidermal keratin and granular layers. Immunohistochemical studies also revealed that collagen 1, collagen 3, and alpha-smooth muscle actin appeared more abundantly in the plasma-treated group than in the control group. In vitro, the proliferation of keratinocytes was promoted by plasma exposure. Scratch assay showed that fibroblast exposure to plasma increased their migration. The expression levels of collagen 1, collagen 3, and alpha-smooth muscle actin were elevated upon plasma treatment. In conclusion, cold plasma can accelerate skin wound healing and is well tolerated.

scholarly journals In vivo evaluation of a recombinant N-acylhomoserine lactonase formulated in a hydrogel using a murine model infected with MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate, CCASUP2

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masarra M. Sakr ◽  
Walid F. Elkhatib ◽  
Khaled M. Aboshanab ◽  
Eman M. Mantawy ◽  
Mahmoud A. Yassien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Systemic Spread

AbstractFailure in the treatment of P. aeruginosa, due to its broad spectrum of resistance, has been associated with increased patient mortality. One alternative approach for infection control is quorum quenching which was found to decrease virulence of such pathogen. In this study, the efficiency of a recombinant Ahl-1 lactonase formulated as a hydrogel was investigated to control the infection of multidrug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa infected burn using a murine model. The recombinant N-acylhomoserine lactonase (Ahl-1) was formulated as a hydrogel. To test its ability to control the infection of MDR P. aeruginosa, a thermal injury model was used. Survival rate, and systemic spread of the infection were evaluated. Histopathological examination of the animal dorsal skin was also done for monitoring the healing and cellular changes at the site of infection. Survival rate in the treated group was 100% relative to 40% in the control group. A decrease of up to 3 logs of bacterial count in the blood samples of the treated animals relative to the control group and a decrease of up to 4 logs and 2.3 logs of bacteria in lung and liver samples, respectively were observed. Histopathological examination revealed more enhanced healing process in the treated group. Accordingly, by promoting healing of infected MDR P. aeruginosa burn and by reducing systemic spread of the infection as well as decreasing mortality rate, Ahl-1 hydrogel application is a promising strategy that can be used to combat and control P. aeruginosa burn infections.

scholarly journals Sulfasalazine modifies metabolic profiles and enhances cisplatin chemosensitivity on cholangiocarcinoma cells in in vitro and in vivo models

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malinee Thanee ◽  
Sureerat Padthaisong ◽  
Manida Suksawat ◽  
Hasaya Dokduang ◽  
Jutarop Phetcharaburanin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Tryptophan Degradation ◽  
Xenograft Mice

Abstract Background Sulfasalazine (SSZ) is widely known as an xCT inhibitor suppressing CD44v9-expressed cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) being related to redox regulation. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has a high recurrence rate and no effective chemotherapy. A recent report revealed high levels of CD44v9-positive cells in CCA patients. Therefore, a combination of drugs could prove a suitable strategy for CCA treatment via individual metabolic profiling. Methods We examined the effect of xCT-targeted CD44v9-CSCs using sulfasalazine combined with cisplatin (CIS) or gemcitabine in CCA in vitro and in vivo models and did NMR-based metabolomics analysis of xenograft mice tumor tissues. Results Our findings suggest that combined SSZ and CIS leads to a higher inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of cell death than CIS alone in both in vitro and in vivo models. Xenograft mice showed that the CD44v9-CSC marker and CK-19-CCA proliferative marker were reduced in the combination treatment. Interestingly, different metabolic signatures and significant metabolites were observed in the drug-treated group compared with the control group that revealed the cancer suppression mechanisms. Conclusions SSZ could improve CCA therapy by sensitization to CIS through killing CD44v9-positive cells and modifying the metabolic pathways, in particular tryptophan degradation (i.e., kynurenine pathway, serotonin pathway) and nucleic acid metabolism.

scholarly journals Anti-Obesity and Anti-Adipogenic Effects of Chitosan Oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) in SD Rats and in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes Models

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Jung-Yun Lee ◽  
Tae Yang Kim ◽  
Hanna Kang ◽  
Jungbae Oh ◽  
Joo Woong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chitosan Oligosaccharide ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Adipogenic Gene

Excess body weight is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated metabolic complications, and weight loss has been shown to improve glycemic control and decrease morbidity and mortality in T2D patients. Weight-loss strategies using dietary interventions produce a significant decrease in diabetes-related metabolic disturbance. We have previously reported that the supplementation of low molecular chitosan oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) significantly inhibited blood glucose levels in both animals and humans. However, the effect of GO2KA1 on obesity still remains unclear. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-obesity effect of GO2KA1 on lipid accumulation and adipogenic gene expression using 3T3-L1 adipocytes in vitro and plasma lipid profiles using a Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model. Murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were stimulated to differentiate under the adipogenic stimulation in the presence and absence of varying concentrations of GO2KA1. Adipocyte differentiation was confirmed by Oil Red O staining of lipids and the expression of adipogenic gene expression. Compared to control group, the cells treated with GO2KA1 significantly decreased in intracellular lipid accumulation with concomitant decreases in the expression of key transcription factors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBP/α). Consistently, the mRNA expression of downstream adipogenic target genes such as fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), fatty acid synthase (FAS), were significantly lower in the GO2KA1-treated group than in the control group. In vivo, male SD rats were fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks to induced obesity, followed by oral administration of GO2KA1 at 0.1 g/kg/body weight or vehicle control in HFD. We assessed body weight, food intake, plasma lipids, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) for liver function, and serum level of adiponectin, a marker for obesity-mediated metabolic syndrome. Compared to control group GO2KA1 significantly suppressed body weight gain (185.8 ± 8.8 g vs. 211.6 ± 20.1 g, p < 0.05) with no significant difference in food intake. The serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were significantly lower in the GO2KA1-treated group than in the control group, whereas the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level was higher in the GO2KA1 group. The GO2KA1-treated group also showed a significant reduction in ALT and AST levels compared to the control. Moreover, serum adiponectin levels were significantly 1.5-folder higher than the control group. These in vivo and in vitro findings suggest that dietary supplementation of GO2KA1 may prevent diet-induced weight gain and the anti-obesity effect is mediated in part by inhibiting adipogenesis and increasing adiponectin level.

Protective effects of histamine on Gq-mediated relaxation in regenerated endothelium

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (2) ◽  
pp. H286-H290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin K. Chan ◽  
Song Yan Liao ◽  
Yue Lin Zhang ◽  
Aimin Xu ◽  
Hung Fat Tse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Porcine Coronary Artery ◽  
Endogenous Histamine ◽  
Coronary Endothelium ◽  
Treatment Control Group

In the porcine coronary artery, regenerated endothelium is dysfunctional as regards the responses to endothelium-dependent agonists. The current study aimed to determine the possible involvement of histamine in such dysfunction. Pigs were treated chronically with pyrilamine (H1 receptor inhibitor, 2 mg·kg−1·day−1) with part of their coronary endothelium and allowed to regenerate for 28 days after balloon denudation. The results showed a reduction in relaxation to bradykinin (Gq protein dependent) only in the pyrilamine-treated group (area under the curve, 269.7 ± 13.4 vs. 142.0 ± 31.0, native endothelium vs. regenerated endothelium) but not in the control group (253.0 ± 22.1 vs. 231.9 ± 29.5, native endothelium vs. regenerated endothelium). The differences in the relaxation to serotonin (Gi protein dependent) between native and regenerated endothelium were not affected by the pyrilamine treatment (control group, 106.3 ± 17.0 vs. 55.61 ± 12.7; and pyrilamine group, 106.0 ± 8.20 vs. 49.30 ± 6.31, native endothelium vs. regenerated endothelium). These findings indicate that during regeneration of the endothelium, the activation of H1 receptors by endogenous histamine may be required to maintain the endothelium-dependent Gq protein-mediated relaxation to bradykinin, suggesting a beneficial role of the monoamine in the process of endothelial regeneration.

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