The status of Salterella as a Lower Cambrian index fossil

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Fritz ◽  
Ellis L. Yochelson
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Appalachian Mountains ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Medial Part ◽  
North American Cordillera ◽  
The North ◽  
Superficial Resemblance ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Relationship

In the North American Cordillera there is strong evidence that Salterella is restricted to the medial part of the Bonnia–Olenellus Zone. Reported younger and older occurrences are attributed to either stratigraphic error or misidentification. An unnamed genus with a superficial resemblance immediately postdates Salterella, but it lacks an inner laminar cone. In the Cordillera Salterella occurs in inner detrital and middle carbonate belt strata that were deposited in the upper half of Grand Cycle B and the lower half of Grand Cycle C.In and near the Appalachian Mountains of North America and in Greenland, Spitsbergen, and Scotland, occurrences of Salterella are consistent with a medial Bonnia–Olenellus Zone age; however, this cannot be as rigorously tested as in the Cordillera, because of fewer taxa associated with the genus and in super- and subjacent strata. Outer detrital (basinal) strata of the Taconic Allochthon contain Salterella, but it is uncertain whether the fossils are of local or derived origin.Speculations that Campitius titanius Firby and Durham of California belongs in the genus Salterella are doubtful, and C. titanius is clearly older. The relationship between Salterella and Volborthella and their relative ages within the Early Cambrian are still unclear.

Does Civil Society Matter? Governance in Contemporary India

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 456-457
Author(s):  
Reeta Chowdhari Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
North America ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
The North ◽  
Fresh Perspective ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Conceptualization

Does Civil Society Matter? Governance in Contemporary India, Rajesh Tandon and Ranjita Mohanty, eds., New Delhi: Thousand Oaks, London: Sage Publications, 2003, pp. 363.In the last decade in North America, there has been an explosion of books on the subject of civil society. Like so many other concepts in contemporary political science, the notion of civil society has been imported to analyze other polities outside the North American hemisphere, and India is no exception. However, Tandon and Mohanty's edited book presents a fresh perspective by combining academic analysis with that of on-the-ground practitioners to examine the relationship between civil society and governance. The book is divided into two parts: the first deals with the theoretical conceptualization of civil society and the second with actual case studies.

scholarly journals HOW TO SABOTAGE A SECRET SOCIETY: THE DEMISE OF CARL FRIEDRICH BAHRDT'S GERMAN UNION IN 1789

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-402
Author(s):  
ANDREW MCKENZIE-MCHARG
Keyword(s):  
Secret Society ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
The Public ◽  
The North ◽  
State And Society ◽  
German Republic ◽  
The Status ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn 1789 in Leipzig, a slim pamphlet of 128 pages appeared that sent shock waves through the German republic of letters. The pamphlet, bearing the title Mehr Noten als Text (More notes than text), was an ‘exposure’ whose most sensational element was a list naming numerous members of the North German intelligentsia as initiates of a secret society. This secret society, known as the German Union, aimed to push back against anti-Enlightenment tendencies most obviously manifest in the policies promulgated under the new Prussian king Frederick William II. The German Union was the brainchild of the notorious theologian Carl Friedrich Bahrdt (1741–92). But who was responsible for the ‘exposure’? Using material culled from several archives, this article pieces together for the first time the back story to Mehr Noten als Text and in doing so uncovers a surprisingly heterogeneous network of Freemasons, publishers, and state officials. The findings prompt us to reconsider general questions about the relationship of state and society in the late Enlightenment, the interplay of the public and the arcane spheres and the status of religious heterodoxy at this time.

Lower Cambrian (Branchian) trilobites and biostratigraphy of the Hanford Brook Formation, southern New Brunswick

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 858-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Westrop ◽  
Ed Landing
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
The West ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Two New Species

The Hanford Brook Formation, one of the classic Cambrian units of Avalonian North America, contains at least eight species of endemic trilobites, including Berabichia milleri Westrop n. sp., that are assigned to seven genera. The vertical succession of faunas is far more complex than has been recognized previously, with each member containing a lithofacies-specific assemblage. These are, in ascending order: a bradoriid-linguloid Association without trilobites in the nearshore St. Martin's Member, a Protolenus Association in dysaerobic siltstones and sandstones of the Somerset Street Member, and a Kingaspidoides-Berabichia Association in hummocky cross-stratified sandstones of the Long Island Member that overlie a parasequence boundary at Hanford Brook. Due to the breakdown of biogeographic barriers in the late Early Cambrian, two new species-based zones, the Protolenus elegans and Kingaspidoides cf. obliquoculatus zones, share trilobite genera with the Tissafinian Stage of Morocco. This generic similarity has been the basis for correlation of this upper Lower Cambrian interval on the Avalon continent with the West Gondwanan lowest Middle Cambrian. However, the clear facies control on the occurrence of genera in the Hanford Brook Formation and the presence of an abrupt faunal break and unconformity at the base of the Tissafinian in Morocco makes this correlation questionable. The Hanford Brook Formation may represent a late Early Cambrian interval unknown in Gondwana. Sequence-stratigraphic criteria even raise the possibility that the Protolenus Association is the biofacies equivalent of Callavia broeggeri Zone faunas of the Brigus Formation of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Massachusetts.

An ammonite zonation for the Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) of the North American Cordillera

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 919-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle K. Jakobs ◽  
Paul L. Smith ◽  
Howard W. Tipper
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
North American Cordillera ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
The North ◽  
Reference Sections ◽  
A New Species

This is the second in a series of papers intended to establish a Lower Jurassic ammonite zonation that takes into account the biostratigraphic and biogeographic peculiarities of the North American succession. In North America the lower boundary of the Toarcian is drawn at the first appearance of Dactylioceras above the last occurrence of Amaltheus and Fanninoceras. The lower Toarcian is represented by the Kanense Zone; the middle Toarcian by the Planulata and Crassicosta zones; and the upper Toarcian by the Hillebrandti and Yakounensis zones. Section 5 on the Yakoun River in the Queen Charlotte Islands is designated the stratotype for the Planulata, Crassicosta, and Hillebrandti zones; section 3 on the Yakoun River is designated the stratotype for the Yakounensis Zone; an ideal stratotype for the Kanense Zone is not presently known. Reference sections further illustrating the faunal associations that characterize the zones are designated in eastern Oregon (Snowshoe Formation) and northern British Columbia (Spatsizi Group). The Dactylioceratidae, Harpoceratinae, and Hildoceratinae provide the most important zonal indicators for the lower Toarcian; Dactylioceratidae, Phymatoceratinae, and Bouleiceratinae for the middle Toarcian; and Phymatoceratinae, Grammoceratinae, and Hammatoceratinae for the upper Toarcian. Phymatoceras hillebrandti is described as a new species.

New occurrences of Leukadiella and Paroniceras (Ammonoidea) from the Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) of the Canadian Cordillera

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Jakobs
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Canadian Cordillera ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Western Tethys ◽  
North American Cordillera ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
The North ◽  
New Occurrences

Previous studies of the Toarcian of the North American Cordillera have mentioned the rare occurrence of Paroniceras in the Queen Charlotte Islands. Recent work has identified the presence of Leukadiella in the Middle Toarcian of the Queen Charlotte Islands, the Spatsizi area, and the Hazelton area. They occur with Rarenodia planulata, Peronoceras pacificum, Peronoceras verticosum, and Phymatoceras cf. P. pseudoerbaense. The Leukadiella specimens are well preserved and generally larger than those found in the Mediterranean region. Taxa present in North America include Paroniceras sternale, Leukadiella ionica, Leukadiella amuratica, Leukadiella aff. L. helenae, and Leukadiella aff. L. ionica. Morphologically Leukadiella is closely related to such genera as Hildaites and Hildoceras and is more suitably placed within the subfamily Hildoceratinae rather than the Bouleiceratinae. The distribution of Leukadiella and Paroniceras indicates the influence of the Hispanic Corridor linking western Tethys and the eastern Pacific during the Middle Toarcian.

The Early Cambrian worm tube Onuphionella from California and Nevada

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip W. Signor ◽  
Mark A. S. Mcmenamin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Modern Genus ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Middle Member

Two new species of worm tubes referable to the genus Onuphionella occur in Lower Cambrian strata in eastern California and western Nevada. Onuphionella durhami n. sp. is found in the Campito Formation (in pre-trilobite strata, in the Fallotaspis and, possibly, the Nevadella Zones) and O. claytonensis n. sp. occurs in the Middle Member of the Poleta Formation (Nevadella Zone). The unusual tubes are armored with an imbricated coat of mica flakes, reminiscent of the modern genus Owenia. The lowest occurrence of Onuphionella in western North America corresponds closely with the lowest occurrence of the genus in the Baltic region, indicating that correlations between the two regions are not greatly in error.

Revision of the North American species of the genus Entomacis (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Yoder
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Species Group ◽  
North American Species ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Character Complexes ◽  
Species Taxonomy ◽  
North America North

AbstractThe species of the genus Entomacis Foerster in North America north of Mexico are revised. Nineteen species (12 new), including 8 species of the Holarctic-wide perplexa species group, are keyed, described, and figured. These taxa are E. ambigua (Brues), E. apopkaensissp. nov., E. arcticasp. nov., E. cellariasp. nov., E. cepasp. nov., E. eorariasp. nov., E. floridana (Ashmead), E. grandiclavasp. nov., E. longii (Ashmead), E. mellipetiola (Ashmead), E. parambiguasp. nov., and perplexa group members E. californica (Ashmead), E. microbipunctatasp. nov., E. notioxerasp. nov., E. oulasp. nov., E. parvasp. nov., E. perplexa (Haliday), E. sapratasp. nov., and E. subemarginata (Ashmead). Hemilexodes canadensis (Harrington) is synonymized under Entomacis mellipetiola (Ashmead) (syn. nov.). The status of Entomacis latipennis (Ashmead), E. filiformis (Ashmead), and Hemilexis jessei Mann is reviewed. New character complexes, particularly chaetotaxy, are emphasized for Diapriidae species taxonomy.

‘Homesick for the North American Continent’: Elizabeth Bowen's Postwar Transatlantic Crossings

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-130
Author(s):  
Heather Corbally Bryant
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eudora Welty ◽  
Central Question ◽  
American Continent ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
The Relationship

This article investigates the influence of North America on Bowen's later work. After the war, Bowen traveled to America, at least once a year, until her last illness. Yet her time in the United States has often been overlooked. In the States, she lectured at colleges and universities across the country, and taught at several prestigious schools. She also wrote articles and essays for the more lucrative American journals and periodicals. In addition to touring the country, she was able to see her many American friends, such as Eudora Welty, and her publishers, the Knopfs, as well as her lover, Charles Ritchie. This new continent allowed Bowen to confront old traumas on new grounds, especially in the American element of Eva Trout, in which she displaces the central question of the relationship between mother and child onto American soil to interrogate the (literally, in Jeremy's case) unspeakable nature of trauma.

The separation of Carex disticha and Carex sartwellii and the status of Carex disticha in North America

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2323-2330 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Catling ◽  
A. A. Reznicek ◽  
B. S. Brookes
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Small Region ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Scatter Diagram ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
Beak Length ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distinguishing Features

To clarify the relationship between the Eurasian Carex disticha and the North American Carex sartwellii, 38 morphological characters were measured in 30 specimens of each. Various qualitative features were also scored. Through analysis of variance (ANOVA), a reduced number of 10 important continuous characters was obtained and the sample of each taxon was increased to 50. ANOVA of these 10 characters revealed that perigynium length and perigynium beak length were the most important discriminating characters, but in a scatter diagram of these two, 15% of the sample occupied a region of overlap. Principal-component analysis and discriminant analysis using the 10 characters resulted in a separation of the two groups, but a small region of overlap existed in both cases. The two taxa are distinct by virtue of accumulation of small morphological and other differences in a number of characters, rather than by sharp differentiation in a few characters. Carex disticha has larger perigynia with beaks (0.8–)1–1.5(–2.3) mm long, whereas C. sartwellii has smaller perigynia with beaks 0.4–1(–1.2) mm long. All distinguishing features are discussed and a key is provided. Immature vouchers for the occurrence of C. disticha in southwestern Quebec are confirmed on the basis of features of the inflorescence. The only other North American station of C. disticha, discovered in Simcoe Co., Ontario, in 1972 and extant in 1986, is also confirmed in the numerical analyses.

scholarly journals Occurrence ofMicrodictyonfrom the lower Cambrian Xinji Formation along the southern margin of the North China Platform

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Pan ◽  
Timothy P. Topper ◽  
Christian B. Skovsted ◽  
Lanyun Miao ◽  
Guoxiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
North China ◽  
Ontogenetic Variation ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
North China Platform ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
The North ◽  
Formation Stage ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Stage 4

AbstractDisarticulated net-like plates of the lobopodMicrodictyonhad a near cosmopolitan distribution from the early to middle Cambrian but are yet to be documented from the North China Platform. Here we report isolated plates ofMicrodictyonfrom the lower Cambrian Xinji Formation (Stage 4, Series 2) of the North China Platform, extending the paleogeographic distribution ofMicrodictyonin the early Cambrian. The plates ofMicrodictyonfrom the Xinji Formation are similar to those of other species established on the basis of isolated plates but do bear some new characters, such as mushroom-shaped nodes with a single inclined platform-like apex and an upper surface that displays radial lines. However, the plates documented here are left under open nomenclature due to inadequate knowledge of intraspecific and ontogenetic variation and low specimen numbers. Through comparison of the node shapes of the isolated plates of differentMicrodictyonspecies, we consider that low mushroom-shaped nodes could be a primitive and conservative character ofMicrodictyonwhile tall mushroom-shaped nodes may be a derived character. Subtle differences in shape and number of node apices may also represent intraspecific or ontogenetic variation.

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