Population-specific locomotor phenotypes are displayed by barramundi, Lates calcarifer, in response to thermal stress

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1068-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Edmunds ◽  
Lynne van Herwerden ◽  
Christopher J. Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Thermal Adaptation ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Lates Calcarifer ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Tropical Australia ◽  
Phenotypic Fitness ◽  
Southern High Latitude

We investigated how thermal stress may alter the locomotor phenotype of barramundi, Lates calcarifer , from genetically distinct northern (low latitude) and southern (high latitude) populations in tropical Australia. Following early growth and development under native (25 °C and 30 °C) and non-native (20 °C and 35 °C) temperatures, we observed distinct differences in the swimming performance of northern and southern individuals that were consistent with expectations based on local thermal adaptation. Southern population fish exhibited significantly faster swimming speeds (32.10 ± 0.33 cm·s–1, mass-adjusted mean ± 95% confidence limit) than their northern counterparts (28.58 ± 0.64 cm·s–1) under cold-stress (20 °C) conditions. Conversely, northern population fish performed significantly better (51.63 ± 2.1 cm·s–1) than their southern counterparts (44.18 ± 3.11 cm·s–1) under heat-stress (35 °C) conditions. We conclude that L. calcarifer display locomotor phenotypes thermally adapted to their local environment, with early growth under non-native temperatures leading to significantly reduced phenotypic fitness.

Variability in the growth, feeding and condition of barramundi (Lates calcarifer Bloch) in a northern Australian coastal river and impoundment

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 928 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Russell ◽  
F. E. Thomson ◽  
P. A. Thuesen ◽  
T. N. Power ◽  
R. J. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Prey Species ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Lates Calcarifer ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Tropical Australia ◽  
Coastal River ◽  
Freshwater River ◽  
River Fish

Lates calcarifer supports important fisheries throughout tropical Australia. Community-driven fish stocking has resulted in the creation of impoundment fisheries and supplemental stocking of selected wild riverine populations. Using predominantly tag–recapture methods, condition assessment and stomach flushing techniques, this study compared the growth of stocked and wild L. calcarifer in a tropical Australian river (Johnstone River) and stocked fish in a nearby impoundment (Lake Tinaroo). Growth of L. calcarifer in the Johnstone River appeared resource-limited, with juvenile fish in its lower freshwater reaches feeding mainly on small aytid shrimp and limited quantities of fish. Growth was probably greatest in estuarine and coastal areas than in the lower freshwater river. Fish in Lake Tinaroo, where prey availability was greater, grew faster than either wild or stocked fish in the lower freshwater areas of the Johnstone River. Growth of L. calcarifer was highly seasonal with marked declines in the cooler months. This was reflected in both stomach fullness and the percentage of fish with empty stomachs but the condition of L. calcarifer was similar across most sites. In areas where food resources appear stretched, adverse effects on resident L. calcarifer populations and their attendant prey species should be minimised through cessation of, or more conservative, stocking practices.

Thermal Adaptation of Pennisetum: Seedling Development

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Development ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Thermal Adaptation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Leaf Area Expansion ◽  
Specific Hybrid ◽  
Seedling Germination ◽  
Area Expansion

Germination, establishment, dry weight accumulation and leaf development of seedlings of two Pennisetum typhoides cultivars and a P. typhoides × P. purpureum biotype were studied at four temperatures from 33/28 to 15/10°C (day/night) under natural irradiances. Percentage seedling germination was independent of temperature. However, rate of germination and emergence were fastest, the spread in populations of time to germination least, and seedling survival highest, at the temperature at which rates of leaf area expansion and dry weight accumulation were greatest, i.e. 33/28°C. Rates of dry weight accumulation differed between the three pennisetums, the ranking in early growth at temperatures below 33/28°C being the same as that for seed size, and in later growth at all temperatures being in the order interspecific hybrid > intra-specific hybrid > selected strain.

Effect of water temperature on laboratory swimming performance and natural activity levels of adult largemouth bass

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 589-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb T. Hasler ◽  
Cory D. Suski ◽  
Kyle C. Hanson ◽  
Steven J. Cooke ◽  
David P. Philipp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Thermal Adaptation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
Voluntary Activity ◽  
Natural Activity

Although locomotory performance in vertebrates is related to fitness, most performance tests are conducted in a laboratory setting, or in a manner that forces the organism to move not of their own volition. Biotelemetry offers the possibility to measure voluntary activity in a natural setting and provides the opportunity to combine laboratory-derived data with field studies on wild fish. In this study, it was found that laboratory- and field-based measurements of swimming performance and voluntary activity resulted in similar general seasonal trends, though each measurement assessed a different swimming type. In the field, all swimming metrics were lower at cooler water temperatures and were lowest during early winter (mean daily activity = 0.016 BL/s; mean voluntary swimming activity = 0.04319 BL/s; maximum swimming speed = 0.17 BL/s). In the laboratory, fish acclimatized to 25.0, 14.0, and 7.5 °C decreased swimming performance (Ucrit) with water temperature (25.0 °C (2.17 BL/s); 14.0 °C (1.69 BL/s); 7.5 °C (1.17 BL/s). Although some species and tissues have been shown to exhibit different degrees of thermal adaptation, these results show that swimming, one of the most important functions in fish, is largely dependent on environmental temperature, at least in largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides (Lacepède, 1802)).

scholarly journals Coral cover surveys corroborate predictions on reef adaptive potential to thermal stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Selmoni ◽  
Gaël Lecellier ◽  
Laurent Vigliola ◽  
Véronique Berteaux-Lecellier ◽  
Stéphane Joost
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Thermal Adaptation ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Adaptive Potential

AbstractAs anomalous heat waves are causing the widespread decline of coral reefs worldwide, there is an urgent need to identify coral populations tolerant to thermal stress. Heat stress adaptive potential is the degree of tolerance expected from evolutionary processes and, for a given reef, depends on the arrival of propagules from reefs exposed to recurrent thermal stress. For this reason, assessing spatial patterns of thermal adaptation and reef connectivity is of paramount importance to inform conservation strategies.In this work, we applied a seascape genomics framework to characterize the spatial patterns of thermal adaptation and connectivity for coral reefs of New Caledonia (Southern Pacific). In this approach, remote sensing of seascape conditions was combined with genomic data from three coral species. For every reef of the region, we computed a probability of heat stress adaptation, and two indices forecasting inbound and outbound connectivity. We then compared our indicators to field survey data, and observed that decrease of coral cover after heat stress was lower at reefs predicted with high probability of adaptation and inbound connectivity. Last, we discussed how these indicators can be used to inform local conservation strategies and preserve the adaptive potential of New Caledonian reefs.

scholarly journals Fish Specialize Their Metabolic Performance to Maximize Bioenergetic Efficiency in Their Local Environment: Conspecific Comparison Between Two Stocks of Pacific Chub Mackerel (Scomber japonicus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenying Guo ◽  
Shin-ichi Ito ◽  
Michio Yoneda ◽  
Hajime Kitano ◽  
Hitoshi Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Speed ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Scomber Japonicus ◽  
Chub Mackerel ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Metabolic Performance ◽  
Species Specific

Species-specific ecological traits in fishes are likely to vary between populations or stocks due to differences in regional oceanic conditions, such as latitudinal temperature. We examined potential intraspecific differences in the swimming performance and metabolism of Pacific chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) from the Northwest and Northeast Pacific stocks, which are distributed on opposite sides of the North Pacific at similar latitudes, but where the temperature contrast is large. Swimming bioenergetics and metabolic data of Northwest stock mackerel were measured at 14, 18, and 24°C using variable-speed swim-tunnel respirometers, and then the resulting bioenergetic parameters were compared with previous findings from the Northeast stock. At a given size, the maximum sustainable swimming speed (Umax) of the Northwest stock showed no significant difference compared to the Northeast stock at 18 and 24°C, but was lower at 14°C. In addition, the oxygen consumption rate (MO2) of the Northwest stock showed lower mass dependence and different temperature dependence at a given swimming speed than in the Northeast stock. Combined with stock-specific data on growth and experienced temperatures in the wild, these bioenergetic differences indicate that the swimming performance and metabolism of the two stocks are specific to their local environment to maximize bioenergetic efficiency.

Effect of incubation and rearing temperature on locomotor ability in barramundi, Lates calcarifer Bloch, 1790

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff R. Carey ◽  
Craig E. Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Test Temperature ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Swimming Ability ◽  
Lates Calcarifer ◽  
Rearing Temperature ◽  
First Feeding ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Lower Test

Temperature profoundly influences virtually all aspects of fish biology. Barramundi, Lates calcarifer Bloch, 1790, is a catadromous fish that undergoes several migrations in its life cycle, necessitating locomotion under various thermal conditions. The present study examined the effects of varying thermal regimes on performance in juvenile L. calcarifer by determining the effects of rearing and ambient temperature on burst (Umax) and sustained (Ucrit) swimming ability. Fish were incubated at three set temperatures, 26°C (cool), 29°C (control) and 31°C (warm), from egg fertilisation until first feeding before some of the larvae were allocated to different temperatures to differentiate the effects of incubation temperature v. rearing temperature on subsequent swimming performance. Individuals incubated and reared at the cool (26°C) temperature showed significantly faster burst speeds at the 26°C test temperature than fish from any other treatment group. This indicates the ability of L. calcarifer to thermally acclimate burst swimming. However, there was no evidence that incubation temperature (as opposed to rearing temperature) affected burst or sustained swimming ability. Swimming ability was significantly affected by the test temperature, with the Umax of fish highest at the 29°C test temperature. Lower test temperatures depressed both burst and sustained swimming ability. Juvenile L. calcarifer can acclimate Umax, but swimming ability was unaffected by incubation thermal history.

scholarly journals The coral Platygyra verweyi exhibits local adaptation to long-term thermal stress through host-specific physiological and enzymatic response

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jih-Terng Wang ◽  
Yi-Ting Wang ◽  
Shashank Keshavmurthy ◽  
Pei-Jei Meng ◽  
Chaolun Allen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Thermal Adaptation ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Temperature Perturbation ◽  
Algal Symbionts ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
A Site

Abstract Climate change threatens coral survival by causing coral bleaching, which occurs when the coral’s symbiotic relationship with algal symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) breaks down. Studies on thermal adaptation focus on symbionts because they are accessible both in vitro and in hospite. However, there is little known about the physiological and biochemical response of adult corals (without Symbiodiniaceae) to thermal stress. Here we show acclimatization and/or adaptation potential of menthol-bleached aposymbiotic coral Platygyra verweyi in terms of respiration breakdown temperature (RBT) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) enzyme activity in samples collected from two reef sites with contrasting temperature regimes: a site near a nuclear power plant outlet (NPP-OL, with long-term temperature perturbation) and Wanlitong (WLT) in southern Taiwan. Aposymbiotic P. verweyi from the NPP-OL site had a 3.1 °C higher threshold RBT than those from WLT. In addition, MDH activity in P. verweyi from NPP-OL showed higher thermal resistance than those from WLT by higher optimum temperatures and the activation energy required for inactivating the enzyme by heat. The MDH from NPP-OL also had two times higher residual activity than that from WLT after incubation at 50 °C for 1 h. The results of RBT and thermal properties of MDH in P. verweyi demonstrate potential physiological and enzymatic response to a long-term and regular thermal stress, independent of their Symbiodiniaceae partner.

scholarly journals Coral cover surveys corroborate predictions on reef adaptive potential to thermal stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Selmoni ◽  
Gaël Lecellier ◽  
Laurent Vigliola ◽  
Véronique Berteaux-Lecellier ◽  
Stéphane Joost
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Thermal Adaptation ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Adaptive Potential

AbstractAs anomalous heat waves are causing the widespread decline of coral reefs worldwide, there is an urgent need to identify coral populations tolerant to thermal stress. Heat stress adaptive potential is the degree of tolerance expected from evolutionary processes and, for a given reef, depends on the arrival of propagules from reefs exposed to recurrent thermal stress. For this reason, assessing spatial patterns of thermal adaptation and reef connectivity is of paramount importance to inform conservation strategies. In this work, we applied a seascape genomics framework to characterize the spatial patterns of thermal adaptation and connectivity for coral reefs of New Caledonia (Southern Pacific). In this approach, remote sensing of seascape conditions was combined with genomic data from three coral species. For every reef of the region, we computed a probability of heat stress adaptation, and two indices forecasting inbound and outbound connectivity. We then compared our indicators to field survey data, and observed that decrease of coral cover after heat stress was lower at reefs predicted with high probability of adaptation and inbound connectivity. Last, we discussed how these indicators can be used to inform local conservation strategies and preserve the adaptive potential of New Caledonian reefs.

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