Economic Factors in Catch Fluctuations

1955 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
H. Scott Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Pacific Halibut ◽  
Correlation Methods ◽  
Commercial Species

Correlation methods were employed in a statistical analysis of the relation between catch fluctuations and economic factors for the principal Canadian commercial species of the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. The results indicate that the major part of catch fluctuations are ascribable to economic factors in the cases of Atlantic herring, "sardines", and cod (tentative), and Pacific herring. Economic factors appear to have had no significant effect on the catches of Atlanta lobsters and Pacific halibut and salmon.

scholarly journals Adult body growth and reproductive investment vary markedly within and across Atlantic and Pacific herring: a meta-analysis and review of 26 stocks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thassya C. dos Santos Schmidt ◽  
Doug E. Hay ◽  
Svein Sundby ◽  
Jennifer A. Devine ◽  
Guðmundur J. Óskarsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Investment In Reproduction

AbstractLife-history traits of Pacific (Clupea pallasii) and Atlantic (Clupea harengus) herring, comprising both local and oceanic stocks subdivided into summer-autumn and spring spawners, were extensively reviewed. The main parameters investigated were body growth, condition, and reproductive investment. Body size of Pacific herring increased with increasing latitude. This pattern was inconsistent for Atlantic herring. Pacific and local Norwegian herring showed comparable body conditions, whereas oceanic Atlantic herring generally appeared stouter. Among Atlantic herring, summer and autumn spawners produced many small eggs compared to spring spawners, which had fewer but larger eggs—findings agreeing with statements given several decades ago. The 26 herring stocks we analysed, when combined across distant waters, showed clear evidence of a trade-off between fecundity and egg size. The size-specific individual variation, often ignored, was substantial. Additional information on biometrics clarified that oceanic stocks were generally larger and had longer life spans than local herring stocks, probably related to their longer feeding migrations. Body condition was only weakly, positively related to assumingly in situ annual temperatures (0–30 m depth). Contrarily, body growth (cm × y−1), taken as an integrator of ambient environmental conditions, closely reflected the extent of investment in reproduction. Overall, Pacific and local Norwegian herring tended to cluster based on morphometric and reproductive features, whereas oceanic Atlantic herring clustered separately. Our work underlines that herring stocks are uniquely adapted to their habitats in terms of trade-offs between fecundity and egg size whereas reproductive investment mimics the productivity of the water in question.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT INVESTASI DI DAERAH : STUDY KASUS DI KABUPATEN JEMBER JAWA TIMUR

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-20
Author(s):  
Anifatul Hanim ◽  
Ragimun Ragimun
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Economic Stabilization

The trend of economic growth in Jember region is tremendously sophisticated. It needs more resources support especially from potential investors either government or private sector. Investigation on the partner's environments is normally been conducted before coming to the field. The perceptions of this potential investor will derive their expectation and contribute significantly to investment climate in Jember. The aims of this research are: (1) to determine the economic and non economic potential factors in Jember region and to attract the investors (2) to test the reliability and validity of the potential factors. Besides twenty two economic and non economic factors, there are six variables produced by EFA method. These variables are potentially influence the investors' attractiveness. There are economic stabilization, administration, government policy, institutional, and securities. Reliability and validity test imply that the factors are able for further statistical analysis.

scholarly journals Explaining Attitudes Towards Immigration: The Role of Economic Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa María García-Muñoz ◽  
Juliette Milgram-Baleix
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Multilevel Model ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables

In this article, we investigate the determinants of individuals’ opinions concerning the economic impact of immigrants. Unlike most previous studies, we use a large sample of 61 countries (Joint WVS/EVS 2017–2020 dataset) that are either net receivers or net emitters of migrants. Using a multilevel model, we test the effect of individuals’ characteristics and of several macroeconomic variables on the assessment of immigrants’ impact on development. We highlight that natives’ evaluation of the economic consequences of immigration is more influenced by age, trust, education, and income than by contextual variables such as growth, inflation, inequalities, income level, or number of immigrants in the country. Our results match with the hypothesis that immigrants are considered substitutes for low- and medium-skilled workers in capital-abundant countries. However, neither labour-market nor welfare-state considerations can be considered as the main drivers of the appraisals made about the economic impact of immigration. Our results tend to confirm the prediction that greater contact with immigrants reduces anti-immigrant opinions, in particular for skilled people. In contrast, immigrant inflows lead low- and medium-skilled people to make worse judgments concerning the economic consequences of immigration. All in all, our results validate the view that education comprises a major part of the cognitive assessment of the role played by immigrants in the economy, at least in high-income countries.

The study of variability in some wool traits in a coarse wool breed of sheep

1973 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Guirgis
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Main Contributor ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Staple Length

SummaryWool samples from 47 Barki yearlings were taken from five positions during two years to study the variability in the fleece, the cause of variability and associations between different fleece traits. Statistical analysis has indicated the following significant points.An antero-posterior gradient occurred in the different traits under study. When medullation was discarded, though it was of a low magnitude (3·9%), a reduction of 5·89% in the mean fibre diameter and of 18·33% in its standard deviation occurred.The position most representative of the whole fleece varied with the trait. It is recommended to take three sampling positions forming a triangle, withers, mid-side and hip, to represent the Barki fleece.The animals contributed the major part in the variability of mean fibre diameter (1), the standard deviation of fibre diameter (S.D.1), percentage medullation, mean fibre diameter after discarding the medullated fibres (2), the standard deviation of fibre diameter after discarding the medullated fibres (S.D.2), the contribution of medullation to the total variability, percentage fine fibres and percentage coarse fibres. The positions were the main contributor to the variability of percentage kemp fibres, staple length, medullation index and to a certain extent to that of the kemp score. The year played a significant part in the variability except for 2 and S.D.2.The highest correlations with the standard deviation of fibre diameter were those of percentage medullation and kemp score. These three variables when considered separately accounted for 0·47, 0·35 and 0·31 respectively of the variability in S.D.Equations were obtained to predict the standard deviation from both the mean fibre diameter and the percentage medullation and to predict the mean fibre diameter from the staple length and the kemp score. The coefficient of determination of the first set of equations ranged from 0·47 to 0·56 while that of the second set ranged between 0·07 and 0·51 for different positions.

Genetic Comparison Between Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasi) and a Norwegian Fjord Stock of Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus)

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (S1) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Jørstad ◽  
G. Dahle ◽  
O. I. Paulsen
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Clupea Pallasi ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Divergence ◽  
Norwegian Fjord ◽  
Spawning Behaviour

Genetic studies on populations of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus L.) in Norwegian seawaters have revealed a number of genetically distinct fjord populations. One population in Balsfjord in northern Norway was nearly fixed for several alleles that were very rare in the Atlanto-Scandian herring stock. A comparison with a sample of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) from British Columbia demonstrated that these alleles were identical to the more common alleles in this species. Genetic distance estimates based on six polymorphic loci demonstrated that Balsfjord herring were more similar to Pacific herring. Balsfjord and Pacific herring were also similar in vertebrae number and spawning behaviour. Restriction fragment analyses of mitochondrial DNA using five restriction enzymes revealed distinct clones that separated different herring groups. Nucleotide sequence divergence among groups was small.

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