Lipid composition off tissue and plasma in two mediterranean fishes, the gilt-head sea bream (Chrysophyrys auratus) and the European seabass (Dicentratchus labrx)

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant McClelland ◽  
Jean-Michel Weber ◽  
Georges Zwingelstein ◽  
Gérard Brichon
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
White Muscle ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Fa Composition ◽  
European Seabass ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Wet Weight

The fatty acid (FA) composition of phospholipid (PL), triacylglycerol (TAG), and total lipid (TL) fractions was determined for liver, adipose tissue, white muscle, and plasma of European seabass (Dicentaratchus labrax) and gilt-head sea bream (Chrysophyrys auratus) fed on the same diet. FA composition of plasma nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and TAG as well as tissue TAG and TL correlates with that of the diet. FA composition of PL in tissues and plasma was different from that of the diet and different in the two species. Contribution to tissue wet weight of the different lipid fractions showed that both species store lipid primarily outside of muscle (only 3% in both species) as TAG in adipose tissue (about 80% lipid∙wet weight−1). Seabass store 33% wet weight of lipid in liver, while sea bream store only 5% wet weight. The plasma concentration of NEFA and TAG is 2223 and 12 260 nmol∙mL−1 for seabass and 2790 and 9670 nmol∙mL−1 for sea bream. The data show that these two fishes with similar lifestyle store lipid in the same fashion and that dietary FA composition affects the FA composition of TL and TAG fractions but not PL in tissue and plasma.

No effect of acute normobaric hypoxia on plasma triglyceride levels in fasting healthy men

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 727-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimit Mahat ◽  
Étienne Chassé ◽  
Clare Lindon ◽  
Jean-François Mauger ◽  
Pascal Imbeault
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Normobaric Hypoxia ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Adipose Tissue Lipolysis

Circulating fatty acids are a major systemic energy source in the fasting state as well as a determinant of hepatic triglycerides (TG)-rich very-low-density lipoprotein production. Upon acute hypoxia, sympathetic arousal induces adipose tissue lipolysis, resulting in an increase in circulating nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). Animal studies suggest that TG clearance may also be strongly reduced under hypoxia, though this effect has been shown to be dependent on temperature. Whether the hypoxia-induced rise in blood fatty acid concentrations affects fasting TG levels in humans under thermoneutral conditions remains unknown. TG, NEFA, and glycerol levels were measured in fasted healthy young men (n = 10) exposed for 6 h to either normoxia (ambient air) or acute hypoxia (fraction of inspired oxygen = 0.12) in a randomized, crossover design. Participants were casually clothed and rested in front of a fan in an environmental chamber maintained at 28 °C during each trial. Under hypoxia, a significantly greater increase in NEFA occurred (condition × time interaction, p = 0.049) and glycerol levels tended to be higher (condition × time, p = 0.104), suggesting an increase in adipose tissue lipolysis. However, plasma TG levels did not change over time and did not differ between the normoxia and hypoxia conditions. In conclusion, acute exposure to normobaric hypoxia under thermoneutral condition in healthy men during fasting state increased lipolysis without affecting circulating TG.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, breed and dietary vitamin E on the fatty acids of lamb muscle, liver and adipose tissue

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Demirel ◽  
A. M. Wachira ◽  
L. A. Sinclair ◽  
R. G. Wilkinson ◽  
J. D. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Lipid Fractions

The effect of feeding n-3 PUFA on the fatty acid composition of muscle, adipose tissue and liver of lambs was investigated. Groups of eight ram lambs per breed, Suffolk×Lleyn (24kg live weight) and Scottish Blackface (18kg live weight), were each fed one of six diets containing one of three fat sources (50g fatty acids/kg DM; Megalac® (calcium soap of palm fatty acid distillate; Volac Ltd, Royston, Herts., UK) and formaldehyde-treated whole linseed (Trouw Nutrition UK, Northwich, Ches., UK) either alone or with fish oil (1:1, w/w) and either 100 or 500mg α-tocopheryl acetate/kg DM. Feed was offered ad libitum until slaughter at approximately half breed mature live weight. The type of dietary fat had no effect on intake, growth rate or feed conversion ratio. The 3·0-fold higher concentration of 18:3n-3 in the linseed compared with the Megalac® diet approximately doubled (P<0·001) the concentration in the neutral and polar lipid fractions of musculus semimembranosus and liver, and in adipose tissue it increased 2·5-fold. Feeding protected linseed also increased (P<0·001) concentrations of 20:5n-3 and 22:5n-3 in muscle polar lipids and both lipid fractions of liver. The linseed–fish oil raised the 20:5n-3 concentrations above those for the linseed diet and also increased 22:6n-3. Scottish Blackface lambs had lower concentrations of 18:3n-3 in all lipids compared with Suffolk x Lleyn lambs, but more 20:5n-3 in the polar lipids of muscle and liver. High levels of dietary vitamin E were associated with small decreases in the concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids and increases in PUFA. Linseed raised the PUFA:saturated fatty acid ratios in liver and adipose tissue but not in muscle, and improved the n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio, as did the linseed–fish oil. Different combinations of dietary fatty acids and better protection against rumen biohydrogenation are required to improve muscle PUFA:saturated fatty acids ratios.

scholarly journals Femoral Adipose Tissue May Accumulate the Fat That Has Been Recycled as VLDL and Nonesterified Fatty Acids

Diabetes ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 2465-2473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhán E. McQuaid ◽  
Sandy M. Humphreys ◽  
Leanne Hodson ◽  
Barbara A. Fielding ◽  
Fredrik Karpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Circulating and Adipose Tissue Fatty Acid Composition in Black South African Women with Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1619
Author(s):  
Pamela A. Nono Nankam ◽  
Paul J. van Jaarsveld ◽  
Elin Chorell ◽  
Melony C. Fortuin-de Smidt ◽  
Kevin Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
South African ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
African Women ◽  
Black South African ◽  
Fa Composition ◽  
South African Women

Background and Aims: During positive energy balance, excess lipid storage in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is associated with increased lipolysis. Elevated circulating fatty acid (FA) concentrations from both SAT lipolysis and dietary fat intake may result in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation, impairment of glucose metabolism, altogether increasing obesity-associated metabolic risks. We aimed to test the hypothesis that FA composition of red blood cell total phospholipids (RBC-TPL) and SAT is associated with body fat centralisation (VAT/SAT ratio) and insulin sensitivity (SI) in black South African women with obesity. Methods: Participants’ (n = 41) body fat composition and distribution, SI, and RBC-TPL, abdominal and gluteal SAT (gSAT) FA composition (gas-liquid chromatography) were measured. Results: RBC-TPL contained higher proportions of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) than SAT (p < 0.001), which were associated with lower SI (p < 0.05). Mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1)-16 were lower, while poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and delta-5 and delta-6 desaturase indices were higher in RBC-TPL than SAT (p < 0.001). Interestingly, FA profiles differed between SAT depots with higher SFAs and lower MUFAs, SCD1-16 and SCD1-18 indices in abdominal compared to gluteal SAT (p < 0.01). In both SAT depots, higher SFAs and lower PUFAs (n-3 and n-6) correlated with lower VAT/SAT ratio; and lower PUFAs (n-3 and n-6) and higher total MUFA correlated with higher SI. Conclusion: Our findings confirm the relationships between the FA composition of RBC-TPL and SAT and metabolic risk in black women with obesity, which are dependent on both the FA class, and the tissue type/blood compartment in which they are distributed.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Composition and Contents of Fish of Genus Salvelinus from Natural Ecosystems and Aquaculture

Biomolecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Michail I. Gladyshev ◽  
Alexander A. Makhrov ◽  
Ilia V. Baydarov ◽  
Stanislava S. Safonova ◽  
Viktor M. Golod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Fa Composition ◽  
Label Information ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acids

Fatty acids (FA) of muscle tissue of Salvelinus species and its forms, S. alpinus, S. boganidae, S. drjagini, and S. fontinalis, from six Russian lakes and two aquacultures, were analyzed. Considerable variations in FA compositions and contents were found, including contents of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA and DHA), which are important indicators of fish nutritive value for humans. As found, contents of EPA+DHA (mg·g−1 wet weight) in muscle tissue of Salvelinus species and forms varied more than tenfold. These differences were supposed to be primarily determined by phylogenetic factors, rather than ecological factors, including food. Two species, S. boganidae and S. drjagini, had the highest EPA+DHA contents in their biomass and thereby could be recommended as promising species for aquaculture to obtain production with especially high nutritive value. Basing on revealed differences in FA composition of wild and farmed fish, levels of 15-17-BFA (branched fatty acids), 18:2NMI (non-methylene interrupted), 20:2NMI, 20:4n-3, and 22:4n-3 fatty acids were recommended for verifying trade label information of fish products on shelves, as the biomarkers to differentiate wild and farmed charr.

scholarly journals Role of adipokines and nonesterified fatty acids in the development of insulin resistance

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Tanyanskiy ◽  
E M. Firova ◽  
L. V. Shatilina ◽  
A. D. Denisenko
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Homa Index ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids

The purpose of the study was to reveal a possible role of adipokines, biologically active adipose tissue proteins (leptin and adiponectin) and nonesterified fatty acids in generating insulin resistance (IR). One hundred and fifty-seven patients (90 females and 67 males) aged 57.5±9.2 years were enrolled in the study. According to the HOMA index for IR, the patients were divided into 3 equal groups. The examinees with a high HOMA index were found to have elevated levels of fatty acids, leptin and decreased concentrations of adiponectin. At the same time according to the linear regression analysis, all these indices are its independent determinants. However, analysis of the data in the groups of patients with different body weight revealed that the increased concentrations of fatty acids and leptin may play a role in the development of IR in subjects with obesity while the higher level of fatty acids and lower adiponectin may be involved in patients without noticeable obesity. Thus, it may be assumed that leptin, adiponectin and nonesterified fatty acids may affect the development of IR; however, their contribution depends on the degree of adiposity.

EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE AND DIETARY COPPER ON GROWTH AND LIPID METABOLISM IN PIGS. II. FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF ADIPOSE TISSUE LIPIDS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. MYRES ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Lipid Extract ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Lipid Fractions

Pigs were fed diets with and without 250 ppm supplemental copper and kept outside during winter with unheated colony houses for shelter, or in a heated barn. Lipids were extracted from the outer backfat and pure triglycerides were prepared by thin-layer chromatography. Fatty acid analysis indicated only minor changes in fatty acid composition of the triglycerides due to either dietary copper or environmental temperature. Fatty acid analysis of the total lipid extract, however, indicated that there were differences between the two methods of evaluation. The lipid extract analysis gave a more unsaturated fatty acid pattern than that of the pure triglycerides. Although the fatty acid composition was not altered significantly by type of rearing (outside vs. inside), there was an increased proportion (P < 0.05) of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) due to dietary copper when the fatty acid composition was determined on the lipid extract. This suggests that lipid fractions other than triglycerides were enriched in UFA and that the effect of dietary copper on the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue lipid is due to changes in the composition of other lipid fractions, possibly free fatty acids. This may be related to a disturbance in the balance between lipolysis and reesterification of fatty acids.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document