scholarly journals Incentivizing stewardship in a biodiversity hot spot: land managers in the grasslands

FACETS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1307-1322
Author(s):  
Raphael Anammasiya Ayambire ◽  
Jeremy Pittman ◽  
Andrea Olive
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Species At Risk ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
The Government ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Crown Lands

Federal and provincial governments of Canada recently signed onto a Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation. The approach is based on collaboration among jurisdictions and stakeholders to enhance multiple species and ecosystem-based conservation in selected biodiversity hot spots. In this review paper, we focus on one of the biodiversity hot spots—the South of the Divide area in the province of Saskatchewan—to propose appropriate mechanisms to incentivize stewardship on agricultural Crown lands. Through a focused review and synthesis of empirical studies, we propose a range of policy instruments and incentives that can help deliver multi-species at risk conservation on Crown agricultural lands in Saskatchewan. We outline a range of policy instruments and incentives that are relevant to conservation on Crown agricultural lands and argue that a portfolio of options will have the greatest social acceptability. More germane is the need to foster collaboration between the government of Saskatchewan, other provincial/territorial governments, and the federal government, nongovernmental organizations, and land managers. Such collaboration is critical for enhanced decision-making and institutional change that reflects the urgent call for creating awareness of species at risk policies, building trust, and leveraging the local knowledge of land managers for conservation.

An Ancient Retrovirus-like Element Contains Hot Spots for SINE Insertion

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 769-777
Author(s):  
Michael A Cantrell ◽  
Brian J Filanoski ◽  
Angela R Ingermann ◽  
Katherine Olsson ◽  
Nicole DiLuglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spots ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Common Ancestry ◽  
Specific Element ◽  
Sine Insertion ◽  
Specific Locus ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Character ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Vertebrate retrotransposons have been used extensively for phylogenetic analyses and studies of molecular evolution. Information can be obtained from specific inserts either by comparing sequence differences that have accumulated over time in orthologous copies of that insert or by determining the presence or absence of that specific element at a particular site. The presence of specific copies has been deemed to be an essentially homoplasy-free phylogenetic character because the probability of multiple independent insertions into any one site has been believed to be nil. Mys elements are a type of LTR-containing retrotransposon present in Sigmodontine rodents. In this study we have shown that one particular insert, mys-9, is an extremely old insert present in multiple species of the genus Peromyscus. We have found that different copies of this insert show a surprising range of sizes, due primarily to a continuing series of SINE (short interspersed element) insertions into this locus. We have identified two hot spots for SINE insertion within mys-9 and at each hot spot have found that two independent SINE insertions have occurred at identical sites. These results have major repercussions for phylogenetic analyses based on SINE insertions, indicating the need for caution when one concludes that the existence of a SINE at a specific locus in multiple individuals is indicative of common ancestry. Although independent insertions at the same locus may be rare, SINE insertions are not homoplasy-free phylogenetic markers.

scholarly journals UM ESTUDO EMPÍRICO DOS CICLOS POLÍTICO-ECONÔMICOS NO BRASIL

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
Athos Prates da Silveira Preussler ◽  
Marcelo Savino Portugal
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
The Political ◽  
Business Cycle Theory ◽  
Vote Decision ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
Econometric Tests ◽  
The Government

The political business cycle theory suggests that economic fluctuations can be explained by the electoral calendar. Knowing that economic performance has great influence in the electorate vote decision, the incumbent may try to manipulate the economy policy in order to maximize the chances of victory of the government candidate. Empirical studies that aimed to test this hypothesis have found evidence of political opportunism as much on macroeconomic variables as on the political economy instruments. The present paper has the objective to test the hypothesis of political opportunism on macroeconomic variables, on fiscal policy instruments and interest rates in Brazil between 1980 and 2000. The econometric tests we will use autoregressive integrated moved average models (ARIMA) with intercept dummy variables in the months that precede the elections. The results confirm the hypothesis of political opportunism in the inflation rate and in the total expenditure of the federal government.

Prioritizing Beneficial Management Practices for Species at Risk in Agricultural Lands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Blouin ◽  
John F. Wilmshurst ◽  
Jeff Harder ◽  
Robin Bloom ◽  
David W. Johns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Species At Risk ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Beneficial Management Practices

scholarly journals Models for government-nonprofits partnerships: a comparative analysis of policies for AIDS, social assistance and culture in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 802-820
Author(s):  
Patrícia Maria Emerenciano de Mendonça ◽  
Anny Karine de Medeiros ◽  
Edgilson Tavares de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Nonprofit Sector ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Policy Instruments ◽  
Partnership Models

Abstract This study contributes to the research on partnership models by comparing different policy areas, testing the existing typologies and developing new forms of analysis for the Brazilian context. The literature on partnerships regarding the nonprofit sector is focused on the great diversity of these organizations and the types of relationship they establish with the government to provide services. Most empirical studies on this issue seek to establish categories for the partnerships analyzed, usually comparing countries or policy areas on a macro level. This study observes how partnership models help to understand the differences among policy areas, observing cases in the areas of AIDS, social assistance, and culture in Brazil. The research introduced field level variables and organizational variables to establish clearer differences among the models, and to identify where they overlap. Differences among the models helped to test relational variables and use the partnership models to analyze the public policy areas on the interaction design with nonprofits. As for political implications, this study provides recommendations to advance in a governmental agenda on partnerships that can combine general guidelines with particularities related to each policy area. Finally, the study indicates that partnerships should be considered public policy instruments.

scholarly journals Modelos para parcerias entre governos e organizações da sociedade civil: análise comparativa de políticas de AIDS, assistência social e cultura no Brasil

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 802-820
Author(s):  
Patrícia Maria Emerenciano de Mendonça ◽  
Anny Karine de Medeiros ◽  
Edgilson Tavares de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Nonprofit Sector ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Organizational Variables ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Policy Instruments ◽  
Partnership Models

Abstract This study contributes to the research on partnership models by comparing different policy areas, testing the existing typologies and developing new forms of analysis for the Brazilian context. The literature on partnerships regarding the nonprofit sector is focused on the great diversity of these organizations and the types of relationship they establish with the government to provide services. Most empirical studies on this issue seek to establish categories for the partnerships analyzed, usually comparing countries or policy areas on a macro level. This study observes how partnership models help to understand the differences among policy areas, observing cases in the areas of AIDS, social assistance, and culture in Brazil. The research introduced field level variables and organizational variables to establish clearer differences among the models, and to identify where they overlap. Differences among the models helped to test relational variables and use the partnership models to analyze the public policy areas on the interaction design with nonprofits. As for political implications, this study provides recommendations to advance in a governmental agenda on partnerships that can combine general guidelines with particularities related to each policy area. Finally, the study indicates that partnerships should be considered public policy instruments.

Spatial Hotspot Analysis of Bucharest’s Urban Heat Island (UHI) Using Modis Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgiana Grigoraș ◽  
Bogdan Urițescu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Hotspot Analysis ◽  
The City

Abstract The aim of the study is to find the relationship between the land surface temperature and air temperature and to determine the hot spots in the urban area of Bucharest, the capital of Romania. The analysis was based on images from both moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS), located on both Terra and Aqua platforms, as well as on data recorded by the four automatic weather stations existing in the endowment of The National Air Quality Monitoring Network, from the summer of 2017. Correlation coefficients between land surface temperature and air temperature were higher at night (0.8-0.87) and slightly lower during the day (0.71-0.77). After the validation of satellite data with in-situ temperature measurements, the hot spots in the metropolitan area of Bucharest were identified using Getis-Ord spatial statistics analysis. It has been achieved that the “very hot” areas are grouped in the center of the city and along the main traffic streets and dense residential areas. During the day the "very hot spots” represent 33.2% of the city's surface, and during the night 31.6%. The area where the mentioned spots persist, falls into the "very hot spot" category both day and night, it represents 27.1% of the city’s surface and it is mainly represented by the city center.

The family Orthotrichaceae (Bryophyta) in flora of Russia: results of revision and biogeographical review

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. E. Fedosov
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spots ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Longitudinal Gradient ◽  
Biogeographic Pattern ◽  
The Family ◽  
North Pacific Region

Recent studies on Orthotrichoid mosses in Russia are summarized genus by genus. Orthotrichum furcatum Otnyukova is synonymized with Nyholmiella obtusifolia. Orthotrichum vittii is excluded from the Russian moss flora. Description of O. dagestanicum is amended. Fifty four currently recognized species from 9 genera of the Orthotrichaceae are presently known to occur in Russia; list of species with common synonyms and brief review of distribution in Russia is presented. Numerous problematic specimens with unresolved taxonomy were omitted for future. Revealed taxonomical inconsistencies in the genera Zygodon, Ulota, Lewinskya, Nyholmiella, Orthotrichum are briefly discussed. Main regularities of spatial differentiation of the family Orthotrichaceae in Russia are considered. Recently presented novelties contribute to the certain biogeographic pattern, indicating three different centers of diversity of the family, changing along longitudinal gradient. Unlike European one, continental Asian diversity of Orthotrichaceae is still poorly known, the Siberian specimens which were previously referred to European species in most cases were found to represent other, poorly known or undescribed species. North Pacific Region houses peculiar and poorly understood hot spot of diversity of Orthotrichoid mosses. Thus, these hot spots are obligatory to be sampled in course of revisions of particular groups, since they likely comprise under-recorded cryptic- or semi-cryptic species. Latitudinal gradient also contributes to the spatial differentiation of the revealed taxonomic composition of Orthotrichaceae.

scholarly journals Family Practices and Temporality at Breakfast: Hot Spots, Convenience and Care

Sociology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 003803852110155
Author(s):  
Daniela Pirani ◽  
Vicki Harman ◽  
Benedetta Cappellini
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spots ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Family Meals ◽  
Personal Integrity ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Family Time ◽  
Dominant Feature ◽  
Family Practices ◽  
Cold Spots

Drawing on 34 semi-structured interviews, this study investigates the temporality of family practices taking place in the hot spot. It does so by looking at how breakfast is inserted in the economy of family time in Italy. Our data show that breakfast, contrary to other meals, allows the adoption of more individualised and asynchronous practices, hinged on the consumption of convenience products. These time-saving strategies are normalised as part of doing family. Although the existing literature suggests that convenience and care are in opposition, and consumers of convenience products can experience anxiety and a lack of personal integrity, such features were not a dominant feature of our participants’ accounts. These findings suggest that the dichotomies of hot/cold spots and care/convenience are not always experienced in opposition when embedded within family practices. Hence, this study furthers understandings of family meals, temporality and the distinction between hot and cold spots.

Global population trends in shorebirds: migratory behaviour makes species at risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Koleček ◽  
Jiří Reif ◽  
Miroslav Šálek ◽  
Jan Hanzelka ◽  
Camille Sottas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Species At Risk ◽  
Migratory Behaviour ◽  
Global Population
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