Trends in physical activity research in Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katya M. Herman ◽  
Chris I. Ardern ◽  
Caitlin Mason ◽  
Susan E. Brien ◽  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Research Productivity ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Manual Sorting ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of this study was to assess Canada’s physical activity research productivity by (i) assessing Canada’s contribution to global physical activity research, (ii) determining trends in Canadian physical activity research over time, and (iii) identifying research areas of greater or lesser representation. A Medline search was performed to identify physical activity research published between 1990 and 2005 from Canadian institutions or using Canadian data. Trends over time were plotted and compared with global physical activity research patterns. Original and review articles were sorted based on subject characteristics, nature of physical activity contribution, province and institution of origin, and research area or “pillar”. A total of 5302 Canadian physical activity articles were identified for the period 1990–2005, representing 4.9% of global physical activity research. After manual sorting of abstracts, 3829 relevant articles were included for further analysis. A majority of Canada’s physical activity research has come from Ontario (49%), followed by Quebec (21%), Alberta (10%), and British Columbia (10%). Where physical activity was the primary research focus, the biomedical and clinical pillars each accounted for 39% of Canadian research, with lesser contributions from population health (14%) and health services (2%). Physical activity research productivity in Canada has paralleled global trends over the last 15 years. There is currently less physical activity research being conducted in population health and health services than in the biomedical and clinical areas; however, these areas play an important role in the development of public health policy and programs targeted at reducing the burden of physical inactivity and obesity in Canada.

scholarly journals Global, regional, and national trends and patterns in physical activity research since 1950: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Ramírez Varela ◽  
Gloria Isabel Nino Cruz ◽  
Pedro Hallal ◽  
Cauane Blumenberg ◽  
Shana Ginar da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Research Productivity ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Publication Rate ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background National, regional and global scientific production and research capacity for physical activity - PA may contribute to improving public health PA policies and programs. There is an uneven distribution of research productivity by region and country income group, where countries with the highest burden of non-communicable diseases attributable to physical inactivity having low research productivity. A first step towards improving global research capacity is to objectively quantify patterns, trends, and gaps in PA research. This study describes national, regional and global trends and patterns of PA research from 1950 to 2019. Methods A systematic review using searches in PubMed, SCOPUS and ISI Web of Knowledge databases was conducted in August 2017 and updated between January and May 2020. The review was registered at the PROSPERO database number CRD42017070153. PA publications per 100,000 inhabitants per country was the main variable of interest. Descriptive and time-trend analyses were conducted in STATA version 16.0. Results The search retrieved 555,468 articles of which 75,756 were duplicates, leaving 479,712 eligible articles. After reviewing inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23,860 were eligible for data extraction. Eighty-one percent of countries (n = 176) had at least one PA publication. The overall worldwide publication rate in the PA field was 0.46 articles per 100,000 inhabitants. Europe had the highest rate (1.44 articles per 100,000 inhabitants) and South East Asia had the lowest (0.04 articles per 100,000 inhabitants). A more than a 50-fold difference in publications per 100,000 inhabitants was identified between high and low-income countries. The least productive and poorest regions have rates resembling previous decades of the most productive and the richest. Conclusion This study showed an increasing number of publications over the last 60 years with a growing number of disciplines and research methods over time. However, striking inequities were revealed and the knowledge gap across geographic regions and by country income groups was substantial over time. The need for regular global surveillance of PA research, particularly in countries with the largest data gaps is clear. A focus on the public health impact and global equity of research will be an important contribution to making the world more active.

scholarly journals Network Brokerage: An Integrative Review and Future Research Agenda

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1092-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok-Woo Kwon ◽  
Emanuela Rondi ◽  
Daniel Z. Levin ◽  
Alfredo De Massis ◽  
Daniel J. Brass
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Over Time

Network brokerage research has grown rapidly in recent decades, spanning the boundaries of multiple social science disciplines as well as diverse research areas within management. Accordingly, we take stock of the literature on network brokerage and provide guidance on ways to move this burgeoning research area forward. We provide a comprehensive review of this literature, including crucial dimensions of the concept itself in terms of brokerage structure and behavior, a set of key categories of factors surrounding the brokerage concept (antecedents, outcomes, and moderators), and an overview of brokerage dynamics over time. We use these dimensions and categories to depict network brokerage’s theoretical and empirical underpinnings as well as evaluate prior research efforts. In so doing, we offer a means to summarize and synthesize this large, interdisciplinary literature, identify important research gaps, and offer promising directions for future research.

scholarly journals Scientific Reviews in Web of Science Core Collection Data Base

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
A. V. Glushanovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Core Collection ◽  
Citation Rate ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Average Citation ◽  
The World ◽  
Over Time

Scientific reviews are a publications type, which is very important for the world scientific community. This article considers reviews positions in the world publication flow (within the database «Wed of Science Core Collection» (WoS CC) array) for six natural sciences research areas (physics, chemistry, mathematics, geology, biology, computer science) during the period 2010–2019 for the leading countries of the world and Russia. The article considers additionally this type documents citation specialties depending on the research area.By means of the WoS CC database, bibliometric parameters of publication flows of scientific reviews for the six mentioned research natural sciences areas were determined: the number of records, it’s percentage in the total publication flow, the place of Russian reviews in the world flow, the average citation rate, the proportion of not cited records, the period of active citation. The dynamics of changes for these parameters over time (2010–2019) is considered.The article establishes the following features of scientific reviews, as a specific publication type:the percentage of reviews in both the world and Russian information flow is relatively small, it significantly depends on the research area, but over time it increases for all research areas;the trends of changes for the Russian reviews flow over time and in all research areas, follows world trends;Russian reviews occupy places, in terms of quantity, from 6–9 to a place in the fifth ten in the world array of WoS CC documents (depending on the year and research area), but they show a large spread in average citation terms. Sometimes, Russian reviews average citation is approaching and even exceeds the world average citation for some years and some research areas (and sometimes significantly);the non-cited reviews publications share is significantly lower than even for articles (the most cited type of publications);the reviews active citation period reaches 9–10 years and is significantly longer than (from some publications opinion) for scientific publications in general.

Overview and initial results of the National Center for Health Statistics’ Research and Development Survey1

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199-1211
Author(s):  
Jennifer Parker ◽  
Kristen Miller ◽  
Yulei He ◽  
Paul Scanlon ◽  
Bill Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Mode Effects ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Statistical Agencies ◽  
Initial Results

The National Center for Health Statistics is assessing the usefulness of recruited web panels in multiple research areas. One research area examines the use of close-ended probe questions and split-panel experiments for evaluating question-response patterns. Another research area is the development of statistical methodology to leverage the strength of national survey data to evaluate, and possibly improve, health estimates from recruited panels. Recruited web panels, with their lower cost and faster production cycle, in combination with established population health surveys, may be useful for some purposes for statistical agencies. Our initial results indicate that web survey data from a recruited panel can be used for question evaluation studies without affecting other survey content. However, the success of these data to provide estimates that align with those from large national surveys will depend on many factors, including further understanding of design features of the recruited panel (e.g. coverage and mode effects), the statistical methods and covariates used to obtain the original and adjusted weights, and the health outcomes of interest.

KORESPONDENSI BUNYI BAHASA LAMPUNG DIALEK TULANGBAWANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Roveneldo Roveneldo
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Data Collecting ◽  
Morphological Differences

This research discusses the differences of vowel correspondences, vowel, and  consonant variations of Tulangbawang dialect of Lampung language in six research areas. The data collecting technique was conducted by applying  dialectology method. Moreover, this research used the list of questions  that  listed in Swadesh’s basic vocabularies. The result showed that there are  differences in the linguistic elements in Lampung language which include  the  differences in phonology, morphology, and lexicon. In the phonological differences, it was found that there are one vowel correspondence, eleven vowel variations, and twenty three consonant variations. In general, vowel correspondence lies in the end of words, and the tendency of occurring is found  in the research area 1, 3, 4, and 5. All research areas always have similarities  but there are various changes for each correspondence in research area number  six. In the morphological differences, there are differences in the form of suffixes namely correspondences. Besides, there are some lexical differences found in the six research areas.Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas perbedaan korespondensi vokal, variasi vokal, dan variasi konsonan dalam bahasa Lampung dialek Tulangbawang di 6 titik pengamatan. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode dialektologi. Selain itu, penelitian ini menggunakan daftar pertanyaan yang digunakan pada 200 kosakata dasar swadesh. Ditemukan perbedaan unsur-unsur kebahasaan dalam bahasa Lampung yang meliputi perbedaan; fonologi, morfologi, dan leksikon. Perbedaan fonologi ditemukan satu korespondensi vokal, sebelas variasi vokal, dan dua puluh tiga variasi konsonan. Umumnya korespondensi vokal posisi akhir kata, ada kecendrungan pada daerah titik pengamatan 1, 3, 4, dan 5. Kesemua itu selalu memiliki kesamaan walaupun pada enam daerah titik pengamatan memiliki perubahan yang berbeda-beda untuk setiap korespondensi yang ditemukan. Dalam perbedaan morfologi terdapat perbedaan bentuk sufiks yang berupa korespondensi. Selain itu, perbedaan leksikon cukup banyak ditemukan pada enam titik daerah pengamatan.

Freedom of Research Area

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Weatherson
Keyword(s):  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Academic Departments ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Disciplinary Boundaries ◽  
Freedom Of Research ◽  
Continued Employment ◽  
Over Time

Some writers have said that academic freedom should extend to giving academics complete freedom over what they choose to research. I argue against this: it is consistent with academic freedom for universities to hire people to research particular subjects, and to make continued employment conditional on at least some of the academic’s research being in the areas they were hired to work in. In practice, many academics think that their fellow academics should be free to choose to work on anything that’s within the disciplinary boundaries of the department they were hired into. I argue that’s both too narrow and too broad. Academic freedom implies that researchers should be allowed to have their research focus drift over time. But the boundaries of permissible drift do not correspond to anything like the boundaries of contemporary academic departments.

scholarly journals Research Creativity and Productivity in Political Science: A Research Agenda for Understanding Alternative Career Paths and Attitudes Toward Professional Work in the Profession

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Kim Quaile Hill
Keyword(s):  
Research Productivity ◽  
Career Paths ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientific Career ◽  
Scientific Careers ◽  
Publication Success ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACTA growing body of research investigates the factors that enhance the research productivity and creativity of political scientists. This work provides a foundation for future research, but it has not addressed some of the most promising causal hypotheses in the general scientific literature on this topic. This article explicates the latter hypotheses, a typology of scientific career paths that distinguishes how scientific careers vary over time with respect to creative ambitions and achievements, and a research agenda based on the preceding components for investigation of the publication success of political scientists.

scholarly journals Clinical and psychosocial stress factors are associated with decline in physical activity over time in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liane D. Heale ◽  
Kristin M. Houghton ◽  
Elham Rezaei ◽  
Adam D. G. Baxter-Jones ◽  
Susan M. Tupper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Juvenile Arthritis ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Physical activity (PA) patterns in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) over time are not well described. The aim of this study was to describe associations of physical activity (PA) with disease activity, function, pain, and psychosocial stress in the 2 years following diagnosis in an inception cohort of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods In 82 children with newly diagnosed JIA, PA levels, prospectively determined at enrollment, 12 and 24 months using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) and Adolescents (PAQ-A) raw scores, were evaluated in relation to disease activity as reflected by arthritis activity (Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS-71)), function, pain, and psychosocial stresses using a linear mixed model approach. Results in the JIA cohort were compared to normative Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study data derived from healthy children using z-scores. Results At enrollment, PA z-score levels of study participants were lower than those in the normative population (median z-score − 0.356; p = 0.005). At enrollment, PA raw scores were negatively associated with the psychosocial domain of the Juvenile Arthritis Quality of Life Questionnaire (r = − 0.251; p = 0.023). There was a significant decline in PAQ-C/A raw scores from baseline (median and IQR: 2.6, 1.4–3.1) to 24 months (median and IQR: 2.1, 1.4–2.7; p = 0.003). The linear mixed-effect model showed that PAQ-C/A raw scores in children with JIA decreased as age, disease duration, and ESR increased. The PAQ-C/A raw scores of the participants was also negatively influenced by an increase in disease activity as measured by the JADAS-71 (p <  0.001). Conclusion Canadian children with newly diagnosed JIA have lower PA levels than healthy children. The decline in PA levels over time was associated with disease activity and higher disease-specific psychosocial stress.

scholarly journals Levels of physical activity in four domains and affective wellbeing before and during the Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane S. Engels ◽  
Michael Mutz ◽  
Yolanda Demetriou ◽  
Anne K. Reimers
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
German Population ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Sport And Exercise ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Background Latest studies indicated that the general mental health level is low during the pandemic. Probably, this deterioration of the mental health situation is partly due to declines in physical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in and the association between affective wellbeing and levels of different domains of physical activity at three time points before and during the pandemic. Method We used a nationwide online panel with a trend data design encompassing a total sample of N = 3517, representing the German population (> 14 years). Four different activity domains (sport and exercise, light outdoor activity, housework/gardening, active travel) and affective wellbeing (positive and negative affect) were assessed at three time points before and during the Covid-19 pandemic (October 2019, March 2020, October 2020). Results Multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) indicate differences regarding affective wellbeing over the three time points with the lowest values at the second time point. Levels of activity in the four domains differed significantly over time with the strongest decrease for sport and exercise from the first to the second time point. Partial correlations indicated that the relationships between sport and exercise and positive affect were most consistent over time. Conclusions Overall, our findings suggest that physical activity plays a particularly important role in the pandemic period as a protective factor against poor mental health. Especially sports and exercise seem to be supportive and should be encouraged, e.g. by providing additional support in finding adequate outdoor, home-based or digital substitutes.

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