A Model of Oxygen Transport Capacity Changes for Independently Living Older Men and Women

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Cunningham ◽  
Donald H. Paterson ◽  
John J Koval ◽  
Claudette M. St. Croix
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Key Words Aging ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Age Related

The purpose of the present investigation was to describe, for a subset of a large random survey of men and women, restricted to the ages of 55 to 85 years, the physiological decay pattern for aerobic fitness and contributing factors of cardiovascular and pulmonary function. The time course of the age-related changes in maximal oxygen uptake [Formula: see text] ventilatory threshold (TVE), maximal ventilation [Formula: see text] maximal heart rate (HRmax), and O2 pulse [Formula: see text] were examined by fitting the data to a decaying exponential model by use of a least-squares parameter estimation technique. The time constant (τ) was used to describe the rate of decline. The women showed a much slower decline in [Formula: see text] (τ = 47.4 years) and τVE (τ = 83.3 years) than the men (τ = 20.8 and 15.4 years, respectively). There was a significant age-related decrease in body weight (0.45 kg yr−1) in the men, whereas the women showed no change. Pulmonary function did not limit performance based on the very slow decline in [Formula: see text] and the normal FEV1.0. The decay in HRmax was better described by a linear model, resulting in an extremely slow τ. Maximal O2 pulse clearly exhibited an exponential decay, with a shorter τ (τmen = 13,5 years; τwomen = 28.5 years) than any other variable. Key words: aging, exercise, maximal oxygen uptake, ventilatory threshold

scholarly journals Confirming Maximal Oxygen Uptake: Is Heart Rate the Answer?

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (03) ◽  
pp. 198-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Keiller ◽  
Dan Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Age Related

AbstractThis study investigates heart rate (HR), in 11 young adults (22.4±3.21yr), at V̇O2max, to ascertain whether measured maximal heart rate (HRmax), as determined by a plateau in HR (HRplat), can reliably confirm V̇O2max. V̇O2max and HRplat were determined, using the parameters of a V̇O2≤50 ml•min−1 and a ∆HR≤2b•min−1, respectively, over the final 60 s of sampling. V̇O2 was also independently determined using a verification phase protocol. A HRplat was achieved by 91% of participants (∆HR=1.3±1b•min−1) and critically the time at which HRmax was reached coincided with that at which V̇O2max was achieved. Moreover RER and ΔRER criteria were reached significantly earlier (p<0.05) than V̇O2max, whilst age-related heart rate maximums (HRage), were not achieved by many participants. The results suggest that a HRplat ≤2 b•min−1 is a more accurate method, within the group tested, to determine whether a ‘true’ V̇O2max has been achieved, than other secondary criteria and potentially avoids the requirement for an additional verification phase.

scholarly journals How to Be 80 Year Old and Have a VO2maxof a 35 Year Old

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trine Karlsen ◽  
Ingeborg Megård Leinan ◽  
Fredrik Hjulstad Bækkerud ◽  
Kari Margrethe Lundgren ◽  
Atefe Tari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Filling ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Fitness ◽  
Systolic And Diastolic Function ◽  
High Level ◽  
Ventricular Filling

Background. To discuss the cardiovascular and pulmonary physiology and common risk factors of an 80-year-old man with a world record maximal oxygen uptake of 50 mL·kg−1·min−1.Methods. Case report.Results. His maximal oxygen uptake of 3.31 L·min−1, maximal heart rate of 175 beats·min−1, and maximal oxygen pulse of 19 mL·beats−1are high. He is lean (66.6 kg) and muscular (49% skeletal muscle mass). His echo parameters of mitral flow (left ventricular filling,E= 82 cm·s−1andE/A= 1.2) were normal for 40- to 60-year-old men. Systolic and diastolic function increased adequately during exercise, with no increase in left ventricular filling pressure. He has excellent pulmonary function (FVC = 4.31 L, FEV1 = 3.41, FEV1/FVC = 0.79, and DLCO = 12.0 Si1) and normal FMD and blood volumes (5.8 L). He has a high level of daily activity (10,900 steps·day−1and 2:51 hours·day−1of physical activity) and a lifelong history of physical activity.Conclusion. The man is in excellent cardiopulmonary fitness and is highly physically active. His cardiac and pulmonary functions are above expectations for his age, and his VO2maxis comparable to that of an inactive 25-year-old and of a normal, active 35-year-old Norwegian man.

Maximal oxygen uptake, ventilatory threshold and fat oxidation after an incremental exercise test in triathletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 176 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanapi M. Johari ◽  
Brinnell A. Caszo ◽  
Victor F. Knight ◽  
Steven A. Lumley ◽  
Aminuddin K. Abdul Hamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Incremental Exercise ◽  
Incremental Exercise Test

Long-lasting exercise involvement protects against decline in V̇O2max and V̇O2 kinetics in moderately active women

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Damir Zubac ◽  
Vladimir Ivančev ◽  
Zoran Valić ◽  
Boštjan Šimunič
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Pulmonary Oxygen Uptake

We studied the effects of age on different physiological parameters, including those derived from (i) maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), (ii) moderate-intensity step transitions, and (iii) tensiomyography (TMG)-derived variables in moderately active women. Twenty-eight women (age, 19 to 53 years), completed 3 laboratory visits, including baseline data collection, TMG assessment, maximal oxygen uptake test via CPET, and a step-transition test from 20 W to a moderate-intensity cycling power output (PO), corresponding to oxygen uptake at 90% gas exchange threshold. During the step transitions, breath-by-breath pulmonary oxygen uptake, near infrared spectroscopy derived muscle deoxygenation (ΔHHb), and beat-by-beat cardiovascular response were continuously monitored. There were no differences observed between the young and middle-aged women in their maximal oxygen uptake and peak PO, while the maximal heart rate (HR) was 12 bpm lower in middle-aged compared with young (p = 0.016) women. Also, no differences were observed between the age groups in τ pulmonary oxygen uptake, ΔHHb, and τHR during on-transients. The first regression model showed that age did not attenuate the maximal CPET capacity in the studied population (p = 0.638), while in the second model a faster τ pulmonary oxygen uptake, combined with shorter TMG-derived contraction time (Tc) of the vastus lateralis (VL), were associated with a higher maximal oxygen uptake (∼30% of explained variance, p = 0.039). In conclusion, long lasting exercise involvement protects against a maximal oxygen uptake and τpulmonary oxygen uptake deterioration in moderately active women. Novelty: Faster τ pulmonary oxygen uptake and shorter Tc of the VL explain 33% of the variance in superior maximal oxygen uptake attainment. No differences between age groups were found in τ pulmonary oxygen uptake, τΔHHb, and τHR during on-transients.

Lower reference limit for maximal oxygen uptake in men and women

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 332-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Davis ◽  
Thomas W. Storer ◽  
Vincent J. Caiozzo ◽  
Patrick H. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Reference Limit

Relationship of Cardiac Size to Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Body Size in Men and Women

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hutchinson ◽  
K. Cureton ◽  
H. Outz ◽  
G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Relationship Of

scholarly journals Performance Profile among Age Categories in Young Cyclists

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1196
Author(s):  
Cristian Marín-Pagán ◽  
Stéphane Dufour ◽  
Tomás T. Freitas ◽  
Pedro E. Alcaraz
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Threshold Power ◽  
Youth Group ◽  
Physiological Profile ◽  
Functional Parameters ◽  
Major Interest

Endurance profile assessment is of major interest to evaluate the cyclist’s performance potential. In this regard, maximal oxygen uptake and functional threshold power are useful functional parameters to determine metabolic training zones (ventilatory threshold). The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the physiological profile of different road cyclist age categories (Youth, Junior, and Under-23) to obtain the performance requirements. Sixty-one competitive road cyclists (15–22 years) performed a maximal incremental test on a bike in order to determine functional parameters (maximal fat oxidation zone, ventilatory thresholds, maximal oxygen uptake, and functional threshold power) and metabolic training zones. The results suggest major differences, with the Youth group showing clear changes in all metabolic zones except in fat oxidation. The main differences between Under-23 vs. Junior groups were observed in maximal relative power output (Under-23: 6.70 W·Kg−1; Junior: 6.17 W·Kg−1) and relative functional threshold power (Under-23: 4.91 W·Kg−1; Junior: 4.48 W·Kg−1). The Youth group physiological profile is clearly different to the other age categories. Some parameters normalized to body weight (maximal oxygen consumption, load and functional threshold power) could be interesting to predict a sporting career during the Junior and Under-23 stages.

scholarly journals The time course of adaptations in thermoneutral maximal oxygen consumption following heat acclimation

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (10) ◽  
pp. 2391-2399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Waldron ◽  
O. Jeffries ◽  
J. Tallent ◽  
S. Patterson ◽  
V. Nevola
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Heat Acclimation ◽  
Non Linear

Abstract Purpose This study investigated the effects of a 10-day heat acclimation (HA) programme on the time course of changes in thermoneutral maximal oxygen uptake ($$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2max) during and up to 10 days post-HA. Methods Twenty-two male cyclists were assigned to a HA or control (Con) training group following baseline ramp tests of thermoneutral $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2max. Ten days of fixed-intensity (50% baseline $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2max) indoor cycling was performed in either ~ 38.0 °C (HA) or ~ 20 °C (Con). $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2max was re-tested on HA days 5, 10 and post-HA days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10. Results $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2max initially declined across time in both groups during training (P < 0.05), before increasing in the post-HA period in both groups (P < 0.05). However, $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2max was higher than control by post-HA day 4 in the HA group (P = 0.046). Conclusions The non-linear time course of $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2max adaptation suggests that post-testing should be performed 96-h post-training to identify the maximal change for most individuals. In preparation for training or testing, athletes can augment their aerobic power in thermoneutral environments by performing 10 days HA, but the full effects will manifest at varying stages of the post-HA period.

scholarly journals Cardiopulmonary Response to Exercise in COPD and Overweight Patients: Relationship between Unloaded Cycling and Maximal Oxygen Uptake Profiles

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Abdoulaye Ba ◽  
Fabienne Brégeon ◽  
Stéphane Delliaux ◽  
Fallou Cissé ◽  
Abdoulaye Samb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Exercise Rehabilitation ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Overweight Subjects

Cardiopulmonary response to unloaded cycling may be related to higher workloads. This was assessed in male subjects: 18 healthy sedentary subjects (controls), 14 hypoxemic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and 31 overweight individuals (twelve were hypoxemic). They underwent an incremental exercise up to the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), preceded by a 2 min unloaded cycling period. Oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate (HR), minute ventilation (VE), and respiratory frequency (fR) were averaged every 10 s. At the end of unloaded cycling period, HR increase was significantly accentuated in COPD and hypoxemic overweight subjects (resp.,+14±2and+13±1.5 min−1, compared to+7.5±1.5 min−1in normoxemic overweight subjects and+8±1.8 min−1in controls). The fR increase was accentuated in all overweight subjects (hypoxemic:+4.5±0.8; normoxemic:+3.9±0.7 min−1) compared to controls (+2.5±0.8 min−1) and COPDs (+2.0±0.7 min−1). The plateau VE increase during unloaded cycling was positively correlated with VE values measured at the ventilatory threshold and VO2max. Measurement of ventilation during unloaded cycling may serve to predict the ventilatory performance of COPD patients and overweight subjects during an exercise rehabilitation program.

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