Quantifying effects of accidents by fuzzy-logic- and simulation-based analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangyoub Lee ◽  
Daniel W Halpin ◽  
Hoon Chang
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Safety Factors ◽  
Logic Simulation ◽  
Training And Supervision ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Productive Time

This study quantifies the effects of accidents by defining one of the indirect costs, the productive time lost owing to accidents in utility trenching operations. The probability of accidents, estimated by fuzzy-logic-based analysis of the performance of the factors (training, supervision, and preplanning) affecting safety in utility trenching operations, was used to quantify, based on simulation analysis, the productivity loss due to process delays resulting from accidents during excavation and pipe installation. It was determined that the productivity loss resulting from accidents during excavation is greater than that resulting from accidents during pipe installation. During excavation, the "very poor" condition of preplanning is most critical to productivity loss due to accidents, whereas during pipe installation, the condition of training and supervision affects the productivity loss more than that of preplanning. This paper provides insights into the relationship between the condition of the safety factors and the possible productivity loss by concomitant probability of accidents to quantify the effects of the accidents.Key words: effect of accidents, probability of accidents, productivity, fuzzy logic, simulation.

scholarly journals Productivity loss and indirect costs in the year following acute coronary events in Switzerland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Mach ◽  
Philippe Lyrer ◽  
Roger Hullin ◽  
Bernadetted Dwan ◽  
Cindy Wanger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sick Leave ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
First Year ◽  
Productivity Cost ◽  
Initial Hospitalisation ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Events ◽  
Lost Work Time ◽  
Productive Time

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is highly prevalent in Switzerland and a leading cause of death. Associated productivity loss and indirect costs have rarely been studied. We investigated these factors in the first year after ACS in 24 Swiss patients (mean (SD) age 56 (8) years, 79% male). Data on patient productivity loss, absenteeism, presenteeism and caregiver assistance, were collected with the Productivity Cost Questionnaire during a routine cardiologist visit 3 to 12 months after hospitalisation for ACS and at least 4 weeks after patients returned to work. To estimate costs, lost hours were converted into 8-hour workdays, pro-rated to 1 year, combined with time off work due to initial hospitalisation and sick leave, and valued at Swiss labour costs. Additional data came from medical records. ACS patients lost on average (SD, range) 79 (81, 0.3–294) workdays; 38 (36, 0.3–153) days due to the initial hospitalisation and sick leave, 37 (75, 0–243) due to absenteeism after patients returned to work, and 4 (11, 0–41) due to presenteeism. Caregivers lost 10 (23, 0–90) additional workdays. The total indirect costs amounted to CHF 43,205 (44,026, 122–148,648); including CHF 18,514 (17,507, 122-74,619) for initial hospitalisation and sick leave and CHF 17,988 (36,394, 122–143,277) and CHF 1,849 (5181, 0–20,158) for absenteeism and presenteeism after patients returned to work, respectively. Costs of caregiver assistance amounted to CHF 4,855 (11,015, 0–43,843). This study showed that ACS patients lost on average 36% of their annual productive time. Caregivers lost an additional 5%. Lost work time was associated with substantial indirect costs that exceeded estimates of direct costs for ACS during 1 year. This suggests that costs and burden could be reduced through better risk reduction management.

scholarly journals Indirect Costs of Rheumatoid Arthritis Depending on Type of Treatment—A Systematic Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Batko ◽  
Rolska-Wójcik ◽  
Władysiuk
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Biological Dmards ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

The economic burden of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on society is high. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are the cornerstone of therapy. Biological DMARDs are reported to prevent disability and improve quality of life, thus reducing indirect RA costs. We systematically reviewed studies on the relationship between RA and indirect costs comparing biological treatment with standard care. Studies, economic analyses, and systematic reviews published until October 2018 through a MEDLINE search were included. A total of 153 non-duplicate citations were identified, 92 (60%) were excluded as they did not meet pre-defined inclusion criteria. Sixty-one articles were included, 17 of them (28%) were reviews. After full-text review, 28 articles were included, 11 of them were reviews. Costs associated with productivity loss are substantial; in several cases, they may represent over 50% of the total. The most common method of estimation is the Human Capital method. However, certain heterogeneity is observed in the method of estimating, as well as in the resultant figures. Data from included trials indicate that biological therapy is associated with improved labor force participation despite an illness, in which the natural course of disease is defined by progressive work impairment. Use of biological DMARDs may lead to significant indirect cost benefits to society.

scholarly journals Burden of fire injuries in Finland: lost productivity and benefits

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Haikonen ◽  
Pirjo M. Lillsunde
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Productivity Losses ◽  
Annual Productivity ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
Study Process ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Productive Time

<em>Background</em>: The aim of this study was to assess the economic burden of fire-related injury from two perspectives: post-injury social security compensations and also productivity losses due to the lost productive time from a societal perspective induced by the injury. <br /><em>Design and methods</em>: A cohort of 1503 inpatients who sustained firerelated injury during the period 2001–2005 was retrospectively followed up for 5-10 years until the end of 2010, using linkages between several administrative registers. The study process was started in 2015 and finalized on March 2016. <br /><em>Results</em>: Annual productivity loss was on average EUR 5.72 million, giving a total for the five-year study period of EUR 28.6 million, with a mean value of EUR 19,070 per person. Mean/median disability time for those who received benefits was 572/63 days, ranging from 3 days to 36.5 years. Total average cost of benefits to the injured annually during the study period was EUR 1.03 million. This equates to EUR 3430 per patient for the whole cohort or EUR 14,860 for those who received benefits. <br /><em>Conclusions</em>: The burden of fire-related injuries in terms of payment transfers and lost productivity due to periods of disability as indirect costs is high; in a population of 5.4 million, the annual loss exceeded EUR 5.7 million. The results could be used in planning preventive measures and therefore yield savings

scholarly journals Modeling the seam strength of denim garments by using fuzzy expert system

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 155892502198897
Author(s):  
Joy Sarkar ◽  
Md Abdullah Al Faruque ◽  
Moni Sankar Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Linear Density ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Sewing Thread ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Expert System ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sufficient Strength

The main purpose of this study is to predict and develop a model for forecasting the Seam Strength (SS) of denim garments with respect to the thread linear density (tex) and Stitches Per Inch (SPI) by using a Fuzzy Logic Expert System (FLES). The seam strength is an important factor for the serviceability of any garments. As seams bound the fabric pieces together in a garment, the seams must have sufficient strength to execute this property even in the unexpected severe conditions where the garments are subjected to loads or any additional internal or external forces. Sewing thread linear density and number of stitches in a unit length of the seam are the two of the most important factors that affect the seam strength of any garments. But the relationship among these two specific variables and the seam strength is complex and non-linear. As a result, a fuzzy logic based model has been developed to demonstrate the relationship among these parameters and the developed model has been validated by the experimental trial. The coefficient of determination ( R2) was found to be 0.98. The mean relative error also lies withing acceptable limit. The results have suggested a very good performance of the model in the case of the prediction of the seam strength of the denim garments.

Influence Parameters Analysis of Forming Quality and System Dynamics Simulation of Vertical Steel Bar Benting

2013 ◽  
Vol 483 ◽  
pp. 280-284
Author(s):  
Xi Jian Zheng ◽  
Xin Zhuo Wang ◽  
Jin Meng Zhang ◽  
Yu Fei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Forming Quality ◽  
Steel Bar ◽  
New Process ◽  
Cutting Length ◽  
Bending Radius ◽  
The Relationship

The vertical steel bar bending forming is a kind of new process of bending method. The bending speed, bending radius and clamping length H which is the parameters of vertical steel bar bending machine , is directly affect the quality of bending forming parts. This paper calculated the length of reinforcement before being incised and the springback angle of bending steel bar which obtained the reasonable cutting length and bending Angle; Then based on rigid-flexible virtual prototype technology to build the dynamics model of vertical steel bar bending system. Through simulation analysis ,it obtained the relationship between bending speed, bending radius , clamping length H and forming quality of bending steel bar. In this paper, the analysis method have reference value to the design of similar steel bar bending machines.

PRESIDENT OF YALE ASSAILS AS ‘EXCESSIVE’ US REGULATIONS ON RESEARCH

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. A54-A54
Author(s):  
J. F. L.
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Federal Funds ◽  
Government Grants ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Science Magazine

A. Bartlett Giamatti, the president of Yale University has deplored the "mounting wave of regulation" and "requirements for massive amounts of paperwork" that he said Federal agencies heaped upon researchers supported by Government grants. Echoing a strong note of discontent voiced by many active in university-based scientific research, Mr Giamatti said "excessive or unthinking regulation" had damaged the relationship between government and universities. "There is a powerful resentment on all sides, and distrust," he told 500 people at the opening dinner of the annual Association of Yale Alumni assembly. "A radical skepticism bordering on open contempt for our centers of learning surfaces again." Researchers at universities across the country have been protesting strongly against a government regulation, put into effect three months ago, that requires them to complete detailed "personnel activity reports" before they are reimbursed for "indirect costs"–overhead expenses–incurred during their work. Of $68 million Yale received in federal funds last year, Mr Giamatti said, $21 mfflion was for "indirect costs." Under the new rule, researchers at Stanford University say they will have to complete 80,000 reports instead of the present 3,000, at a cost of between $250,000 and $300,000, Mr. Giamatti told the assembly, quoting from an article in Science magazine. Critics also point to a 1968 Bureau of the Budget report evaluating time and effort reports when the original A-21 regulation, written in 1958, was revised in 1967 to include these reports. "Time or effort reports now required of faculty members are meaningless and a waste of time," the 1968 report says.

scholarly journals Dynamic Simulation and Control of a New Parallel Hybrid Power System

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5467
Author(s):  
Po-Tuan Chen ◽  
Cheng-Jung Yang ◽  
Kuohsiu David Huang
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Power System ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Controller ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Power Sources

To avoid unnecessary power loss during switching between the various power sources of a composite electric vehicle while achieving smooth operation, this study focuses on the development and dynamic simulation analysis of a control system for the power of a parallel composite vehicle. This system includes a power integration and distribution mechanism, which enables the two power sources of the internal combustion engine and electric motor to operate independently or in coordination to meet the different power-output requirements. The integration of the electric motor and battery-charging engine reduces the system complexity. To verify the working efficiency of the energy control strategy for the power system, the NEDC2000 cycle is used for the vehicle driving test, a fuzzy logic controller is established using Matlab/Simulink, and the speed and torque analysis of the components related to power system performance are conducted. Through a dynamic simulation, it is revealed that this fuzzy logic controller can adjust the two power sources (the motor and internal combustion engine) appropriately. The internal combustion engine can be maintained in the optimal operating region with low, medium, and high driving speeds.

Calibration of reliability-based safety factors for sand boiling in excavations

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 742-753
Author(s):  
Ignatius Tommy Pratama ◽  
Chang-Yu Ou ◽  
Jianye Ching
Keyword(s):  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Probability Of Failure ◽  
Reliability Theory ◽  
Design Codes ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Safety Factors ◽  
Target Probability ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Actual Factor ◽  
The Relationship

This study calibrated the required factors of safety of five analysis methods for sand boiling using reliability theory. The factors of safety computed by the five analysis methods were compared with the results of a series of sand boiling model tests. The comparison shows that rigorous methods (Terzaghi’s and Harza’s methods) were more accurate in predicting the factors of safety compared to the simplified methods (Harr’s, simplified Terzaghi’s, and simplified Harza’s methods). The statistics of the model factor for each method, defined as the actual factor of safety divided by the computed one, was calibrated by the model test results. These statistics were then used to establish the relationship between the target probability of failure and the required factor of safety by reliability theory. Verification using a full-scale sand boiling case history shows that the required factor of safety calibrated by the reliability theory was more reasonable than the required factors of safety in references and design codes.

scholarly journals Fuzzy logic simulation of oat yield after using hydrogel and nitrogen biopolymer management

2020 ◽  
pp. 1319-1327
Author(s):  
Osmar Bruneslau Scremin ◽  
José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
Ângela Teresinha Woschinski De Mamann ◽  
Odenis Alessi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Logic Simulation ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Maximum Air Temperature

The fuzzy logic is an efficient tool for simulation and validation of new technologies in agriculture. The objective of the study is to adapt the fuzzy logic model for simulation of biomass and oat grain yield by nitrogen involving the nonlinearity of the maximum air temperature in the conditions of use of the biopolymer hydrogel, considering high succession systems and low release of residual N. The study was conducted in 2014 and 2015, in a randomized block design with four replicates in a 5 x 5 factorial. Five hydrogel doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) were added in the groove next to the seed; and 5 doses of N-fertilizer (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) applied at the fourth expanded leaf stage, respectively. The cultivar was URS Corona. The pertinence functions and the linguistic values established in the input and output variables to simulate the biomass yield and oat grains in the succession systems are adequate observed productivity. The fuzzy model makes it possible to estimate the biomass and oat grains productivity efficiently under the conditions of use of the hydrogel as a function of the nitrogen doses and maximum air temperature, adding to the existing models of simulation.

scholarly journals Algorithm and Simulation of Association Rules of Drug Relationship Based on Network Model

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Hui Teng ◽  
Yukun Ma ◽  
Di Teng
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Association Rules ◽  
Association Rule ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Pharmaceutical Research ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Studying drug relationships can provide deeper information for the construction and maintenance of biomedical databases and provide more important references for disease treatment and drug development. The research model has expanded from the previous focus on a certain drug to the systematic analysis of the pharmaceutical network formed between drugs. Network model is suitable for the study of the nonlinear relationship of the pharmaceutical relationship by modeling the data learning. Association rule mining is used to find the potential correlations between the various sets of massive data. Therefore, based on the network model, this research proposed an algorithm for drug interaction under improved association rules, which achieved accurate analysis and decision-making of drug relationship. Meanwhile, this research applied the established association rule algorithm to discuss the relationship between Chinese medicine and mental illness medicine and conducted the algorithm research and simulation analysis of the association relationship. The results showed the association rule algorithm based on the network model constructed was better than other association algorithms. It had reliability and superiority in decision-making in improving the drug-drug relationship. It also promoted the rational use of medicines and played a guiding role in pharmaceutical research. This provides scientific research personnel with research basis and research ideas for disease-related diagnosis.

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