Establishing derailment profiles by position for corridor shipments of dangerous goods

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. F. Saccomanno ◽  
S. M. El-Hage
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Dangerous Goods

The position of railcars carrying dangerous goods in a train can affect their involvement in a derailment. A model is presented, which minimizes the number of cars carrying dangerous goods derailing for different marshalling strategies and rail corridor conditions. An application of the model to the Sarnia–Toronto rail corridor is presented. The results of this analysis suggest that marshalling strategies for cars carrying dangerous goods need to be sensitive to corridor conditions that affect the causes of train derailments. Current Canadian Transport Commission directives governing the placement of cars carrying dangerous goods along a train were found to be ineffective in reducing their derailment probability when compared to a low-cost unregulated option. Effective marshalling strategies can substitute for speed controls on the shipment of dangerous goods, resulting in a similar or improved derailment profiles and lower operating costs. Key words: dangerous goods, derailment, rail, marshalling, railcars.

scholarly journals Air Asia: From Regional to Global

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dr. Khaliq Ahmad Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Low Cost Carrier ◽  
Strategic Options ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality Industry ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality

In February 2009, Tony Fernandez, the founder of AirAsia was not bothered by the company’s mass order of 175 new aircraft for its AirAsia-X long-haul services. He could not resist the concern over the aircraft deferment to Thailand and Indonesia in 2011 because of the relocation of the low-cost carrier terminal in Sepang before AirAsia was forced to move to KLIA2. Such a situation would surely increase its operating costs exponentially. He also knew he was facing an economic downturn and the high competition, particularly for his AirAsia-X business. Major rivals of AirAsia-X in the region were Singapore Tiger Airways, Cebu Pacific Air of the Philippines and a global competitor was EasyJet in Europe had just launched aggressive campaigns and promotions which would affect its long-haul business. He was certain that the company would achieve his dream to spread its wings all over the world. However, he realized that the company’s operating costs and competition with other airliners that joined the club of no-frills airlines based on a national and international level presently had escalated. He knew he had to act now. If you were Tony Fernandez, what would you do in this scenario was a question that needs an answer? This is an issue of strategic choice of divesting or integration as the strategic options are limited in the short as well as long run. The AirAsia case study has the main objective of sharing impact of the covid-19 pandemic devastating impact on the airliners. It is a significant study in terms of impact on economy, tourism and hospitality industry in general and Malaysia in particular.

Cheap and Fast 2-1/2D Rapid Prototyping via Laser Engravers

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Nye
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Planar Geometry ◽  
Small Machine ◽  
Initial Support ◽  
Student Projects ◽  
Simple Assembly

Mechanical Engineering curriculum has been changing to increase the amount of design taught to students. Ideally students would manufacture and test their designs, as this process validates the quality of the design and gives invaluable feedback. Designs may not be constructed, however, where there are limitations on time students have for the building phase, where limited shop facilities are available, or where students don’t have the manufacturing skills necessary. Rapid prototyping machines can mitigate these issues, but their initial, support and consumable costs, along with their low productivity, make them inaccessible for most student projects. Even traditional shop construction of designs is of limited feedback value, since a non-functioning design could be the result of faulty design or of poor quality manufacture. This paper will explore the use of a laser engraver machine as a vehicle for low-cost 2D and 2-1/2D rapid prototyping of mechanical designs. Laser engraver machines have low initial (c.$10–20K) and operating costs. They are capable of cutting 2D parts from materials such as paper matte and illustration boards at cutting rates of one meter per minute or more, allowing high throughput of parts cut. Machines typically attach to computers through a printer driver, so operation is as simple as printing a drawing from CAD software. While individual parts are constrained to planar geometry, simple assembly materials (such as glue and small machine screws) allow designs with moving parts to be constructed and tested.

scholarly journals KAJIAN MITIGASI BENCANA TANAH LONGSOR DI KABUPATEN BANJARNEGARA

GEMA PUBLICA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Amni Zarkasyi Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Evacuation Route

All disasters experienced by Indonesia in the last years has developed anawareness of the fragility and vulnerability. At this time, the disastermanagement is currently insufficient anymore. The disaster management gain anew dimension with UU 24/ 2007 and followed some related regulations.Mitigation program implemented by BPBD Banjarnegara includes Structuraland Non Structural Mitigation has been completed well. For example, disasterdatabase, installation of Early Warning System (EWS), information andsocialization, training and disaster simulation.In the future, mitigation will be focused on public education. Thegovernment should implement the hazard maps, environmental improvement,evacuation route, installation of low-cost EWS at all location, and relocation. inadditon, whole villages must become village disaster response (desa tanggapbencana).Key words : landslides; structural mitigation; non structural mitigation.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE FOR COLLECTION OF EXPIRED CO2 IN STUDIES USING NATURALLY LABELLED 13C IN CALVES

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. CHEVALIER ◽  
G. PELLETIER ◽  
M. GAGNON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrates ◽  
Isotopic Labelling ◽  
Sampling Device ◽  
Breath Sampling ◽  
Expired Gas ◽  
Sample Purification

Natural isotopic labelling of animal metabolic processes presents great advantages over the use of artificially enriched compounds. These advantages include the use of natural diets, low cost and easiness of handling, sampling and disposal. Changes in the 13C/12C ratio of expired CO2 after ingestion of a test meal containing a variable proportion of C3 and/or C4 plant-derived products permits measurements of the immediate oxidation of dietary carbohydrates. A breathing device for collection of expired CO2 and purification techniques are described. The breath-sampling device is composed of a polypropylene enclosure and a rubber bag. The rubber bag is blown up by the animal and a sample of the expired gas is transferred to a sampling glass holder in which a vacuum had been previously achieved. Sample purification of expired CO2 is done by differential freezing. Key words: Breath device, carbon 13, calf

scholarly journals Strategi Pengendalian Biaya sebagai Alat Perencana Laba

Media Wisata ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Operations Management ◽  
Cost Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Intended Purpose ◽  
The Cost

Controlling costs is one of the most important elements in the management of profit. Controlling costs is an act that was carried out continuously to control the costs to be able to generate revenue and profits in accordance with the intended purpose of management. Cost control is good and not always at a low cost. In general the company’s operations, management is always trying to achieve low cost, but it is not entirely correct. In some situations, increased costs may be the best action to improve profits. Management may take a few steps to cost control strategies to manage the company in achieving profits, as follow: control by increasing sales; controlling the cost of goods sold and gross profit; evaluate the operating costs and focus on the management of profit centres of activity

scholarly journals Low-cost strategija u zračnom prijevozu putnika

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Krajnović ◽  
Berislav Bolfek ◽  
Nikolina Nekić
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Aerospace Industry ◽  
Air Transportation ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Air Carriers ◽  
Reduction Of Costs

In recent years, in almost all of the markets, low cost airlines dedicated to the air transportation of passengers were established, presenting different business strategies if compared to the classical, national airlines. The term low-cost company is used in the aerospace industry indicating airlines that operate with lower operating costs, unlike their competitors. The success of low-cost airlines can be attributed to the low-cost dominantly positioned strategy adopted by the airlines. The main goal of this paper is focused on the analysis of selected cases of low-cost airlines and their comparison to traditional air carriers. Additionally, the purpose of this paper is to analyze low-cost airlines, comparing their characteristics with other segments of air traffic, identify their strategies, and identify the activities of the value chain that affect the most the reduction of costs

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE LOW-COST AIRLINE OPERATING COSTS: LESSONS FOR KAZAKHSTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (326) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Bayanslu Markhayeva ◽  
◽  
Yulia Cherenyova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operating Costs

Naftalan healing oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (08) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Günel Gündüz qızı Əmirova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Biological Effect ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
The World ◽  
Oil Fractions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Naphthenic Hydrocarbons

Naphthalan oil is a unique therapeutic factor that has no analogues in the whole world. The healing properties of naphthalan, a special type of oil, have been known to medicine for over 600 years, and are successfully used in the treatment of various diseases. The uniqueness of naphthalan is manifested in its biological effect on the body. Today there are two naphthalan deposits in the world, on which resorts are built - Naftalan in Azerbaijan and Naftalan in Croatia, founded in 1989. The spectrum of use of this therapeutic oil is so wide that it is rightly considered a medical phenolmenon in the field of modification naftalan oil is an anti-inflammatory, folliculin-like, pain-reducing, softening, easy-to-use and low-cost drug. Naftalan oil is a unique natural medicine for its biological qualities, it is not a fuel, it is not found anywhere in the world with such characteristics. Key words: therapeutic naphthalene oil, fractions, naphthenic hydrocarbons, distillation

CCVD: Low-Cost Vapor-Deposition of Thin Films in Open Atmosphere

1998 ◽  
Vol 555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome J. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Open Atmosphere ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Process ◽  
Continuous Production Line

AbstractThe new, patented Combustion Chemical Vapor Deposition (CCVD) process holds promise for low cost, high throughput manufacturing of thin film ceramic coatings with composition and microstructure tailored for specific applications in electronic, optic, anti-corrosion and anti-wear applications. The flame-based CCVD process is an open-air, non-vacuum, environmentally friendly process with the ability to produce coatings of equal or superior quality to those produced by conventional vacuum-based methods. Capital and operating costs for CCVD coating systems are significantly lower than, for example, conventional CVD and PVD technologies. As an open-atmosphere process, ccvD can be easily implemented in a continuous production line environment, avoiding the need for vacuum load-locks. MicroCoating Technologies has used CCVD to deposit over 60 different inorganic materials onto a variety of substrates ranging from metals and polymers to ceramics. Multi-layered films of complex composition have been achieved with excellent stoichiometric control. We review the CCVD process and characteristics of representative coatings

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