THE BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF 3,6-EPIDITHIADIKETO-PIPERAZINES. DEGRADATION OF GLIOTOXIN-B BY BACILLUS SUBTIL IS (HLX 373)

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1577-1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brewer ◽  
A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Disulfide Group ◽  
Number Of Cells

Like sporidesmin, gliotoxin catalyzes the decomposition of azide in the presence of iodine, and this catalysis can be used for its estimation. The presence of respiring cells of Bacillus subtilis does not interfere with the estimation. Thus it was possible to show that the concentration of gliotoxin decreased when solutions of the antibiotic were incubated with respiring cells. The rate of the decomposition was independent of the gliotoxin concentration in the range 2–25 μg/ml, but was dependent on the number of cells, the pH, and the available nitrogen in the suspending medium. Loss of gliotoxin was most rapid at pH 5.5 and continued when the supernatant was reincubated after centrifugal removal of the cells. No loss of gliotoxin occurred when solutions were incubated in the absence of cells at pH 5.5. By contrast, chemical degradation at pH 8.0 was inhibited in the presence of cells. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that B. subtilis secretes an enzyme which degrades the disulfide group in gliotoxin.

scholarly journals Impact of sewage water irrigation on agricultural soil

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-148
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flooded Field

The rapidly increasing population growth and the steady increase in water requirements for agricultural and industrial development have placed severe stress on the water resources available and the long term use of sewage water for irrigation highly affects soil properties. In this study soil samples were collected from a cauliflower field prior and after sewage water irrigation, and the impact of sewage water irrigation on physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil was compared. For this, tested were pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Organic Carbon, available Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, Iron, Copper, Manganese, and microbial activity. Soil microbial biomass carbon, basal soil respiration, total viable count of bacteria, coliform population, Pseudomonas species, and Azotobacter significantly increased after sewage water irrigation as compared to prior to irrigation. Nevertheless, the bulk density and Rhizobium species of the soil flooded with sewage water was decreased relative to the same characteristics prior to irrigation. Cauliflower yield was significantly increased when sewage water flooded field as compared to the tube well water flooded field (i.e., water delivered via an iron pipe). Escherichia coli contamination was greater in sewage water and groundwater that can pose health risks for the nearby communities, to farmers and consumer of farm products. Hence, the efficient use of sewage and municipal wastewater successfully increase water resource for irrigation and may help in expanding agricultural production. But excessive use of sewage water may also affect the soil flora and fertility.

scholarly journals CULTURAL MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS STRAINS

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
V. S. Rusaleyev ◽  
О. V. Pruntova ◽  
D. A. Vasilyev
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Species Characteristics ◽  
One Year

A decrease in therapeutic effect of some live lacto- and bifdobacteria-based drugs for veterinary use has been observed for the last 20 years that urges scientists to search for new microorganisms possessing probiotic properties. Many studies in this feld are focused onBacillus subtilisthat is widespread in the environment and non-pathogenic for animals and humans. Results of tests ofBacillus subtilisfor its biological properties and antagonistic activity aimed at optimization of methodical approaches for detection of strain with the highest antagonistic effect on some opportunistic microorganisms and their further use as probiotics are described. Cultural morphological and biochemical characteristics of the tested strains conformed to the species characteristics ofBacillus subtilis.Tested strains were nonpathogenic for white mice. Tests showed that spore biomass could be prepared both in liquid and on solid nutrient media. Methodically, spore biomass preparation in liquid nutrient medium is preferable. The tests showed that spores emerged from anabiosis non-uniformly and it depended on original seed spore storage period. Spore cultures stored less than one year emerged from anabiosis more quickly. It was found that the spores formed more readily when the cultures were aerated with oxygen as well as that lag-phase culture medium had a stimulating effect onBacillus subtilisspore germination.Bacillus subtilisstrains were found to have antagonistic effect onEscherichia coli, SalmonellaandStaphylococcus. Area of growth inhibition of the said bacteria was 15–20 mm. TestedBacillus subtilisstrains could be proposed for use as probiotics.

scholarly journals Effects of root pruning on physico-chemical characteristics and biological properties of winter jujube rhizosphere soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Yang ◽  
Z.Y. Du ◽  
Y. Yu ◽  
Z.L. Zhang ◽  
X.Y. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Root Pruning ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Pesticides Residues ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Zizyphus Jujuba

The root system of six-year-old winter jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill. cv. Zhanhua) trees were manually pruned at 3, 5 or 7 times trunk diameter distance along both inter-row sides, to study the effects of root pruning on physico-chemical characteristics and biological properties of winter jujube rhizosphere soil. The results showed that the root pruning of 3 and 5 times trunk diameter distance increased the available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium<sup><sup>[</sup></sup>concentrations and pH values in the rhizosphere soil and decreased organic matter concentrations, the contents of amino acids, organic acids and total sugars in the root exudates, the populations of bacteria, actinomyces and fungi, and inhibited the activities of catalase, invertase and urease enzymes in contrast to the control in early stage when root pruning was applied. The determined indexes presented a reverse trend as those in early stage after new roots appeared. Compared to the control, the trees by root pruning had higher pesticides residues of the rhizosphere soil in the whole experiment. No differences were noticed between 7 times trunk diameter distance and the control. It is proposed that root pruning had greater impacts on physico-chemical characteristics and biological properties of the rhizosphere soil depending on root pruning intensity. <br clear="all" /> &nbsp;

Rhizocticin A, an antifungal phosphono-oligopeptide of Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633: biological properties

1990 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kugler ◽  
Wolfgang Loeffler ◽  
Claudius Rapp ◽  
Armin Kern ◽  
G�nther Jung
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Subtilis Atcc ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis Atcc

Phenotypic and biological properties of two antagonist Bacillus subtilis strains

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2179-2181 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. X. Zhang ◽  
X. Zhao ◽  
Y. X. Jing ◽  
T. Chida ◽  
H. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Biological Properties

scholarly journals Physico-chemical and biological properties of slag from blast furnaces after iron-nickel ore smelting

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-233
Author(s):  
J. Buczek ◽  
K. Czerwińska
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Dust Layer ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Alkaline Reaction ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Iron Nickel ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Excess

The slag from examined waste damps contains small amounts of macroelements, relatively high quantities of available iron, nickel and chromium, exhibits and alkaline reaction and low water capacity. Biological analyses demonstrated that symbiotic and asymbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, as well as some papilionaceous species (<i>Pisum sativum</i> L., <i>Lupinus luteus</i> L., <i>Sarothamnus scoparius</i> L.) and some grasses (<i>Bromus sterilis</i> L., nad <i>Bromus inermis</i> Leyss.), find favorable conditions for development on this slag. The experiments indicate that the main factors delimiting plants growth and development on the slag are: lack of available nitrogen, excess of iron, nickel and chromium, and the dry dust layer forming on the slag surface.

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