Phospholipids of Cladosporium resinae cultured on glucose and on n-alkanes

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1205-1210
Author(s):  
Claudia M. L. Kan ◽  
J. J. Cooney
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Growth Substrate

Cladosporium resinae was grown on glucose, on n-dodecane, and on n-hexadecane. Total lipid was greatest in dodecane-grown cells and least in hexadecane-grown cells, while glucose-grown cells contained the most phospholipid and hexadecane-grown cells contained the least. Cells from all three media contained phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine as their major phospholipids, with lesser amounts of phosphatidylserine and traces of a cardiolipin-like compound. The major fatty acids associated with each phospholipid were palmitic acid and one or more 18-carbon unsaturated fatty acids. There was no correlation between n-alkane growth substrate and fatty acyl components of cellular phospholipids.

scholarly journals The Effect of Salinity and Irrigation Regimes on the Level of Fatty Acids in Olive Flesh Oil

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Ali Asghar Ghaemi ◽  
Ali Dindarlou ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Golmakani ◽  
Fatemeh Razzaghi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Irrigation Levels

<p>Olive trees have the capability of growing under semi-arid regions, where drought and salinity are the major concerns. Two years field experiments were carried out to investigate the interaction effects of natural saline well water and irrigation levels on the quantity and quality of fatty acids in the olive flesh fruits (“Roghani” cultivar). A factorial layout within a randomized complete blocks design with three replications of five irrigation levels (I<sub>1</sub> to I<sub>5</sub> as 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 and 1.25 ET<sub>c</sub>) and three saline water levels  (S<sub>1</sub> to S<sub>3</sub> as 100%WW, 50%WW+50%FW and 100%FW) were considered. The fresh and brackish irrigation water were withdrawn from two different natural wells (fresh water (FW) and saline water wells (WW)). <em>Results revealed that <strong>increasing salinity and decreasing irrigation water levels caused significant increment in the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids, palmitic acid to the percentage of oil and oil percentage in olive flesh fruit</strong></em>. It is found that as water<em> </em>salinity increased from lowest to the highest level, the oleic acid trends to its highest value of 23.68% in I<sub>1</sub>S<sub>1</sub>. Mean values of palmitic acid in 2013 were 27.52% and decreased to 19% in 2014. <em>It is concluded that highest percentage of oleic, linoleic, linolenic and palmitic acids obtained under high saline and less applied irrigation treatment (S<sub>1</sub>I<sub>2</sub>) yielding to improve the olive oil quality.</em></p>

Solvent Extraction and GC-MS Analysis of Sesame Seeds for Determination of Bioactive Antioxidant Fatty Acid/Fatty Oil Components

Drug Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (06) ◽  
pp. 344-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Qadir ◽  
Athar Ali ◽  
Muhammad Arif ◽  
Abdulmohsen Al-Rohaimi ◽  
Satya Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Fatty Oil ◽  
Oleoyl Chloride

AbstractThe seed kernels of Sesamum indicum L. (family: Pedaliaceae) were extracted with ethanol and yield of components determined by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The free radical scavenging activities of ethanolic extract against1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were determined by UV spectrophotometer at 517 nm. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of numerous bioactive compounds including steroids, phenolic, terpenoids, fatty acids and different types of ester compounds. The ethanolic extract was purified and analyzed by GC MS.The prevailing compounds found in ethanolic extract were Carvacrol (0.04%),Sesamol (0.11%), 4-Allyl-2-methoxy-phenol(0.04%),Palmitic acid (1.08%), cis-9-Hexadecenal (85.40%), Lineoleoyl chloride (0.52%), Palmitic acid β-monoglyceride (0.40%), Dihydro-aplotaxene (0.61%), Oleoyl chloride (1.11%), (+)-Sesamin (4.73%), 1,3-Benzodioxole, 5-[4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)tetrahydro-1 H,3 H-furo [3,4-c]furan-1-yl], [1 S-(1,3,4,6α.), (2.01%)], 6-Nitrocholest-5-en-3-yl acetate (0.22%), Ergost-5-en-3β-ol (2.35%) and 24-Propylidenecholesterol (0.16%). The presence ofsaturated and unsaturated fatty acids in ethanolicextract justifies the use of this plant to treat many ailments in folk and traditional medicine. Ethanolic extract have shown significant antioxidant activity(IC50120.38±2.8 µg/ml). The presence of phenolic (Sesamol), lignin (Sesamin) compounds and unsaturated fatty acids are reported as possible contributor for antioxidantactivity of seed extract.

scholarly journals Antagonism Between Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids in ROS Mediated Lipotoxicity in Rat Insulin-Producing Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 852-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiebke Gehrmann ◽  
Wiebke Würdemann ◽  
Thomas Plötz ◽  
Anne Jörns ◽  
Sigurd Lenzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Insulin Producing Cells ◽  
H2o2 Formation

Background/Aims: Elevated levels of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) are under suspicion to mediate β-cell dysfunction and β-cell loss in type 2 diabetes, a phenomenon known as lipotoxicity. Whereas saturated fatty acids show a strong cytotoxic effect upon insulin-producing cells, unsaturated fatty acids are not toxic and can even prevent toxicity. Experimental evidence suggests that oxidative stress mediates lipotoxicity and there is evidence that the subcellular site of ROS formation is the peroxisome. However, the interaction between unsaturated and saturated NEFAs in this process is unclear. Methods: Toxicity of rat insulin-producing cells after NEFA incubation was measured by MTT and caspase assays. NEFA induced H2O2 formation was quantified by organelle specific expression of the H2O2 specific fluorescence sensor protein HyPer. Results: The saturated NEFA palmitic acid had a significant toxic effect on the viability of rat insulin-producing cells. Unsaturated NEFAs with carbon chain lengths >14 showed, irrespective of the number of double bonds, a pronounced protection against palmitic acid induced toxicity. Palmitic acid induced H2O2 formation in the peroxisomes of insulin-producing cells. Oleic acid incubation led to lipid droplet formation, but in contrast to palmitic acid induced neither an ER stress response nor peroxisomal H2O2 generation. Furthermore, oleic acid prevented palmitic acid induced H2O2 production in the peroxisomes. Conclusion: Thus unsaturated NEFAs prevent deleterious hydrogen peroxide generation during peroxisomal β-oxidation of long-chain saturated NEFAs in rat insulin-producing cells.

scholarly journals S-acylation modulates the function of the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter in human cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (14) ◽  
pp. 4488-4497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander L. Ticho ◽  
Pooja Malhotra ◽  
Christopher R. Manzella ◽  
Pradeep K. Dudeja ◽  
Seema Saksena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Hek293 Cells ◽  
Metabolic Labeling ◽  
Sodium Dependent ◽  
Bile Acid Transporter ◽  
Acid Transporter

The ileal apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) is crucial for the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. ASBT function is rapidly regulated by several posttranslational modifications. One reversible posttranslational modification is S-acylation, involving the covalent attachment of fatty acids to cysteine residues in proteins. However, whether S-acylation affects ASBT function and membrane expression has not been determined. Using the acyl resin-assisted capture method, we found that the majority of ASBT (∼80%) was S-acylated in ileal brush border membrane vesicles from human organ donors, as well as in HEK293 cells stably transfected with ASBT (2BT cells). Metabolic labeling with alkyne–palmitic acid (100 μm for 15 h) also showed that ASBT is S-acylated in 2BT cells. Incubation with the acyltransferase inhibitor 2-bromopalmitate (25 μm for 15 h) significantly reduced ASBT S-acylation, function, and levels on the plasma membrane. Treatment of 2BT cells with saturated palmitic acid (100 μm for 15 h) increased ASBT function, whereas treatment with unsaturated oleic acid significantly reduced ASBT function. Metabolic labeling with alkyne–oleic acid (100 μm for 15 h) revealed that oleic acid attaches to ASBT, suggesting that unsaturated fatty acids may decrease ASBT's function via a direct covalent interaction with ASBT. We also identified Cys-314 as a potential S-acylation site. In conclusion, these results provide evidence that S-acylation is involved in the modulation of ASBT function. These findings underscore the potential for unsaturated fatty acids to reduce ASBT function, which may be useful in disorders in which bile acid toxicity is implicated.

EFFECTS OF SATURATED FAT IN RATS FED RAPESEED OIL

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 605-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
J. A. Campbell ◽  
C. G. Youngs ◽  
B. M. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Similar Content

The effects of increasing the saturated fatty acids in a dietary vegetable oil composed mostly of unsaturated fatty acids were studied in rats. A mixture of palm oil and Swedish rapeseed oil fed for 4 weeks as 20% of a purified diet promoted weight gains which exceeded those obtained with Polish rapeseed oil of a similar content of erucic acid, and altered the proportion of saturated fatty acids in the tissues to reflect that of the diet. When methyl esters of saturated fatty acids were added to Swedish rapeseed oil, similar effects on weight gain were not observed, but methyl esters of fatty acids from corn oil and rapeseed oil were shown to be of less nutritional value than the original glycerides. From fatty acids of olive oil, glycerides containing 3% palmitic acid were prepared, and produced weight gains which did not differ significantly from those of rats fed Polish rapeseed oil with a similar content of palmitic acid and 20% erucic acid. The characteristic effects of rapeseed oil are, therefore, attributed to its low content of saturated fatty acids as well as its high content of erucic acid.

scholarly journals Fatty Acids and Frailty: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3539
Author(s):  
Yasutake Tomata ◽  
Yunzhang Wang ◽  
Sara Hägg ◽  
Juulia Jylhävä
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid

Background: Observational studies have suggested that fatty acids such as higher levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may prevent frailty. By using Mendelian randomization analysis, we examined the relationship between fatty acids and frailty. Methods: We used summary statistics data for single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with plasma levels of saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid, stearic acid), mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) (palmitoleic acid, oleic acid), n-6 PUFAs (linoleic acid, arachidonic acid), and n-3 PUFAs (alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid), and the corresponding data for frailty index (FI) in 356,432 individuals in the UK Biobank. Results: Although there were no robust associations on the MUFAs or the PUFAs, genetically predicted higher plasma stearic acid level (one of saturated fatty acids) was statistically significantly associated with higher FI (β = 0.178; 95% confidence interval = −0.050 to 0.307; p = 0.007). Such a relationship was also observed in a multivariate MR (β = 0.361; 95% confidence interval = 0.155 to 0.567; p = 0.001). Genetically predicted higher palmitic acid was also significantly associated with higher FI (β = 0.288; 95% confidence interval = 0.128 to 0.447; p < 0.001) in the multivariate MR analysis. Conclusions: The present MR study implies that saturated fatty acids, especially stearic acid, is a risk factor of frailty.

scholarly journals Changes of the fatty acid composition of sprouts during germination

2010 ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Melinda-Rita Márton ◽  
Sándor Szép ◽  
Zsolt Mándoki ◽  
Melinda Tamás ◽  
Salamon Rozália Veronika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fat Content

During our research we studied the fat content and fatty acid composition during the germination and sprouting periods of the most important sprouts: wheat, lentil, alfalfa, radish and sunflower seed. In this article we present our research results during this sprouting study. The concentration of the saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid, stearic acid) decreased, the concentration of the unsaturated fatty acids increased during germination, but the tendency was not so high than was published in the literature.

scholarly journals Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Associated with Fatty Acid Content of Watermelon Seed

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Meru ◽  
Cecilia McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Watermelon Seed

Seed oil percentage (SOP) and fatty acid composition of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seeds are important traits in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia where the seeds provide a significant source of nutrition and income. Oil yield from watermelon seed exceeds 50% (w/w) and is high in unsaturated fatty acids, a profile comparable to that of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and soybean (Glycine max) oil. As a result of novel non-food uses of plant-derived oils, there is an increasing need for more sources of vegetable oil. To improve the nutritive value of watermelon seed and position watermelon as a potential oil crop, it is critical to understand the genetic factors associated with SOP and fatty acid composition. Although the fatty acid composition of watermelon seed is well documented, the underlying genetic basis has not yet been studied. Therefore, the current study aimed to elucidate the quality of watermelon seed oil and identify genomic regions and candidate genes associated with fatty acid composition. Seed from an F2 population developed from a cross between an egusi type (PI 560023), known for its high SOP, and Strain II (PI 279261) was phenotyped for palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), oleic acid (18:1), and linoleic acid (18:2). Significant (P < 0.05) correlations were found between palmitic and oleic acid (0.24), palmitic and linoleic acid (–0.37), stearic and linoleic acid (–0.21), and oleic and linoleic acid (–0.92). A total of eight quantitative trait loci (QTL) were associated with fatty acid composition with a QTL for oleic and linoleic acid colocalizing on chromosome (Chr) 6. Eighty genes involved in fatty biosynthesis including those modulating the ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were identified from the functionally annotated genes on the watermelon draft genome. Several fatty acid biosynthesis genes were found within and in close proximity to the QTL identified in this study. A gene (Cla013264) homolog to fatty acid elongase (FAE) was found within the 1.5-likelihood-odds (LOD) interval of the QTL for palmitic acid (R2 = 7.6%) on Chr 2, whereas Cla008157, a homolog to omega-3-fatty acid desaturase and Cla008263, a homolog to FAE, were identified within the 1.5-LOD interval of the QTL for palmitic acid (R2 = 24.7%) on Chr 3. In addition, the QTL for palmitic acid on Chr 3 was located ≈0.60 Mbp from Cla002633, a gene homolog to fatty acyl- [acyl carrier protein (ACP)] thioesterase B. A gene (Cla009335) homolog to ACP was found within the flanking markers of the QTL for oleic acid (R2 = 17.9%) and linoleic acid (R2 = 21.5%) on Chr 6, whereas Cla010780, a gene homolog to acyl-ACP desaturase was located within the QTL for stearic acid (R2 = 10.2%) on Chr 7. On Chr 8, another gene (Cla013862) homolog to acyl-ACP desaturase was found within the 1.5-LOD interval of the QTL for oleic acid (R2 = 13.5%). The genes identified in this study are possible candidates for the development of functional markers for application in marker-assisted selection for fatty acid composition in watermelon seed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that aimed to elucidate genetic control of the fatty acid composition of watermelon seed.

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