Intercomponent Momentum Transport and Electrical Conductivity of Collisionless Plasma

Based on the Lenard–Balescu equation, the interaction integral for the intercomponent momentum transfer in a two-component, collisionless plasma is evaluated in closed form. The distribution functions of the electrons and ions are represented in the form of nonisothermal, displaced Max wellians corresponding to the 5-moment approximation. As an application, the transport of electrical current in an electric field is discussed for infrasonic up to sonic electron–ion drift velocities.

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STUDY ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE INTERACTION OF ACTIVE-MATRIX THIN FILM TRANSISTORS

10.18173/2354-1059.2020-0044 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (10) ◽

pp. 24-28

Author(s):

Thuy Nguyen Thi ◽

Ngoc Tran Minh ◽

Tu Vu Minh ◽

Dung Pham Thi

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Electric Field ◽

Resonance Frequency ◽

Electric Conductivity ◽

Thin Film Transistors ◽

Electromagnetic Waves ◽

Wave Interaction ◽

Electrical Current ◽

Active Matrix

Active-matrix thin film transistors (TFTs) on glass substrates with a metal backplane, that are applied for flat panel displays, can be considered as a metamaterial absorber. In this study, TFT structures using doped silicon at source, drain, and channel terminals are investigated. These terminals are unchanged in size of 75 µm square and thickness of 5.3 µm. The electric conductivity is varied at the channel. The simulation results show that the structures with 500 S\m electric conductivity channels absorb incident electromagnetic waves with appropriately 100% at 758 GHz and a wide bandwidth of 20 GHz. As the electrical conductivity increases, the absorption and bandwidth are smaller at the main resonance peak. As the electrical conductivity decreases, the absorption falls at the resonance frequency, but the bandwidth is broadened. In addition, the electric field in the channel may influence the electron in the semiconductor and the electrical current between the source and drain terminals. By observing the electric field at the resonance frequency, we found that it is focused on the sides of channel terminals.

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Some aspects of double layer formation in a plasma constrained by a magnetic mirror

Laser and Particle Beams ◽

10.1017/s0263034600002792 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 315-324 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

W. Lennartsson

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Electric Fields ◽

Double Layer ◽

Large Scale ◽

Scale Effects ◽

Distribution Functions ◽

Electrons And Ions ◽

Auroral Electrons ◽

Complex Electric Field ◽

Necessary And Sufficient

The discussion of parallel electric fields in the earth's magnetosphere has undergone a notable shift of emphasis in recent years, away from wave-generated anomalous resistivity towards the more large-scale effects of magnetic confinement of current carrying plasmas. This shift has been inspired in large part by the more extensive data on auroral particle distribution functions that have been made available, data that may often seem consistent with a dissipation-free acceleration of auroral electrons over an extended altitude range.Efforts to interpret these data have brought new vigor to the concept that a smooth and static electric field can be self-consistently generated by suitable pitch-angle anisotropies among the high-altitude particle populations, different for electrons and ions, and that such an electric field is both necessary and sufficient to maintain the plasma in a quasi-neutral steady state. This paper reviews and criticizes certain aspects of this concept, both from a general theoretical standpoint and from the standpoint of what we know about the magnetospheric environment. It is argued that this concept has flaws and that the actual physical problem is considerably more complicated, requiring a more complex electric field, possibly including double layer structures.

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THE STATIC POTENTIAL ATTAINED BY AN INFINITE CYLINDER IMMERSED IN A MOVING AND LOW DENSITY PLASMA OF INFINITE EXTENT

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/p63-012 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 132-142

Author(s):

Dipak L. Sengupta

Keyword(s):

Drift Velocity ◽

Collisionless Plasma ◽

Distribution Functions ◽

Infinite Cylinder ◽

Low Density ◽

Static Potential ◽

Electrical Neutrality ◽

Specific Direction ◽

Electrons And Ions ◽

Infinite Extent

The static potential acquired by an infinite cylinder immersed in a low density collisionless plasma is discussed in detail. It is assumed that the plasma is uniform at large distances from the cylinder and of infinite extent and has a constant drift velocity in one specific direction. Approximate expressions for the distribution functions of the electrons and ions in the presence of the conducting cylinder are derived from the collisionless Boltzmann equation. Expression for the static potential of the cylinder is derived from the condition that the electrical neutrality of the plasma is maintained at large distances from the cylinder. Simplified expressions for the static potential are given for various physical situations. The case of stationary plasma is obtained as a special case of the former when the drift velocity equals zero. Numerical values are given for some cases.

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Investigating flexible textile-based coils for wireless charging wearable electronics

Journal of Industrial Textiles ◽

10.1177/1528083719831086 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 333-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Danmei Sun ◽

Meixuan Chen ◽

Symon Podilchak ◽

Apostolos Georgiadis ◽

Qassim S Abdullahi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Electric Field ◽

Dimensional Stability ◽

Screen Printing ◽

Wearable Electronics ◽

Wireless Charging ◽

The Magnetic Field ◽

Screen Printed

Smart and interactive textiles have been attracted great attention in recent years. This research explored three different techniques and processes in developing textile-based conductive coils that are able to embed in a garment layer. Coils made through embroidery and screen printing have good dimensional stability, although the resistance of screen printed coil is too high due to the low conductivity of the print ink. Laser cut coil provided the best electrical conductivity; however, the disadvantage of this method is that it is very difficult to keep the completed coil to the predetermined shape and dimension. The tested results show that an electromagnetic field has been generated between the textile-based conductive coil and an external coil that is directly powered by electricity. The magnetic field and electric field worked simultaneously to complete the wireless charging process.

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Electrical Conductivity in p-Type InSb Under Strong Electric Field

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan ◽

10.1143/jpsj.13.1065 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 1065-1066 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yasuo Kanai

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Electric Field ◽

Strong Electric Field ◽

P Type

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Improvement of the electrical conductivity of carbon fiber reinforced polymer by incorporation of nanofillers and the resulting thermal and mechanical behavior

Journal of Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0021998317726588 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (11) ◽

pp. 1495-1503 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

K Hamdi ◽

Z Aboura ◽

W Harizi ◽

K Khellil

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Carbon Fiber ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Electrical Current ◽

Polyamide 6 ◽

Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Reinforced Polymer ◽

Carbon Fiber Reinforced

This work tends to characterize the effect of carbon black nanofillers on the properties of the woven carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic polymers. First of all, composites from nanofilled Polyamide 6 resin reinforced by carbon fibers were fabricated. Scanning electron microscopy observations were performed to localize the nanoparticles and showed that particles penetrated the fiber zone. In fact, by reaching this zone, the carbon black nanofillers create a connectivity's network between fibers, which produces an easy pathway for the electrical current. It explains the noticed improvement of the electrical conductivity of the carbon black nanofilled composites. Electrical conductivity of neat matrix composite passed from 20 to 80 S/cm by adding 8 wt% of carbon black and to 140 S/cm by adding 16 wt% of the same nanofiller. The addition of nanofillers modifies the heating and cooling laws of carbon fiber reinforced polymer: the nanofilled carbon fiber reinforced polymer with 16 wt% is the most conductive so it heats less. Based on these results, the use of the composite itself as an indicator of this mechanical state might be possible. In fact, the study of the influence of a mechanical loading on the electrical properties of the composite by recording the variance of an electrical set is possible.

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A multi-satellite study of accelerated ionospheric ion beams above the polar cap

Annales Geophysicae ◽

10.5194/angeo-24-1665-2006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 1665-1684 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

R. Maggiolo ◽

J. A. Sauvaud ◽

D. Fontaine ◽

A. Teste ◽

E. Grigorenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Potential Drop ◽

Auroral Zone ◽

Ion Beams ◽

Distribution Functions ◽

Convection Velocity ◽

Polar Cap ◽

Ion Energy ◽

Polar Cusp ◽

Oxygen Ions

Abstract. This paper presents a study of nearly field-aligned outflowing ion beams observed on the Cluster satellites over the polar cap. Data are taken at geocentric radial distances of the order of 5–9 RE. The distinction is made between ion beams originating from the polar cusp/cleft and beams accelerated almost along the magnetic field line passing by the spacecraft. Polar cusp beams are characterized by nearly field-aligned proton and oxygen ions with an energy ratio EO+ / EH+, of the order of 3 to 4, due to the ion energy repartition inside the source and to the latitudinal extension of the source. Rapid variations in the outflowing ion energy are linked with pulses/modifications of the convection electric field. Cluster data allow one to show that these perturbations of the convection velocity and the associated ion structures propagate at the convection velocity. In contrast, polar cap local ion beams are characterized by field-aligned proton and oxygen ions with similar energies. These beams show the typical inverted V structures usually observed in the auroral zone and are associated with a quasi-static converging electric field indicative of a field-aligned electric field. The field-aligned potential drop fits well the ion energy profile. The simultaneous observation of precipitating electrons and upflowing ions of similar energies at the Cluster orbit indicates that the spacecraft are crossing the mid-altitude part of the acceleration region. In the polar cap, the parallel electric field can thus extend to altitudes higher than 5 Earth radii. A detailed analysis of the distribution functions shows that the ions are heated during their parallel acceleration and that energy is exchanged between H+ and O+. Furthermore, intense electrostatic waves are observed simultaneously. These observations could be due to an ion-ion two-stream instability.

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