Radiation-induced oxidation of alcohols by TI(III) in acid aqueous solution

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (16) ◽  
pp. 2466-2473 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Burchill ◽  
G. G. Hickling
Keyword(s):  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Perchloric Acid Solution ◽  
Oxidation Of Alcohols ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Acid Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Perchloric Acid ◽  
Γ Ray

In deaerated aqueous perchloric acid solution TI(III) is reduced and 2-propanol oxidized to acetone in essentially equivalent yields by a γ-ray induced chain reaction. The yields increase linearly with increasing alcohol concentration in the range (1–8) × 10−2 M, are independent of TI(III) concentration in the range (1–4) × 10−3 M and vary inversely with the square root of the dose rate over the range 1.6 × 1017 to 1.8 × 1019 eV l−1 s−1. A mechanism is proposed to account for the observed stoichiometry and kinetic parameters.The same mechanism is found to apply to the reduction of TI(III) by methanol and ethanol. t-Butyl alcohol gives a much lower yield of TI(III) reduction and alcohol fragmentation products: acetone, methane, and ethane.

KINETICS OF THE OXIDATION OF URANIUM(IV) BY MOLECULAR OXYGEN IN AQUEOUS PERCHLORIC ACID SOLUTION

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1419-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Halpern ◽  
J. G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Perchloric Acid Solution ◽  
Aqueous Perchloric Acid ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Considerable Range

The kinetics of the oxidation of uranium(IV) by molecular oxygen in aqueous perchloric acid solution were studied. Over a considerable range of conditions, the results are fitted approximately by the rate law:−d[UIV]/dt = k[UIV] [O2]/[H+], where k ≈ 2 × 1014 exp[−22,000/RT]sec.−1. The reaction is catalyzed by Cu++ and inhibited by small amounts of Ag+ and Cl−. The results are interpreted in terms of a chain reaction mechanism involving UO2+ and HO2 as chain carriers.

The photochemistry of aqueous solutions of Tl(III) perchlorate

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (19) ◽  
pp. 2955-2959 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Burchill ◽  
W. H. Wolodarsky
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Flash Photolysis ◽  
Primary Process ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Perchloric Acid Solution ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Aqueous Perchloric Acid ◽  
A Chain ◽  
A Charge

In deaerated aqueous perchloric acid solution Tl(III) is reduced and 2-propanol oxidized to acetone in equivalent yields via a chain reaction initiated by light of 2537 Å. Initiation is attributed to a charge-transfer-to-metal excitation followed by dissociation[Formula: see text]The formation of Tl(II) in the primary process is demonstrated by flash photolysis. An upper limit of 0.36 ± 0.07 is estimated for the primary quantum yield.

Effect of tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine and tertiary butyl alcohol on the performance of convection polymerase chain reaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 639-645
Author(s):  
Tae-Hoon Kim ◽  
Kyungyoung Song ◽  
Hyun Jin Hwang ◽  
Jeong Hee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Tertiary Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Tertiary Butyl ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of DL-α-alanine by permanganate ion in acid perchlorate media

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2018-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Refat M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Perchloric Acid Solution ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Aqueous Perchloric Acid ◽  
Mechanism Of Oxidation ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of permanganate oxidation of DL-α-alanine in aqueous perchloric acid solution at a constant ionic strength of 2.0 mol dm−3 has been investigated spectrophotometrically. The reaction was found to show second-order kinetics overall with respect to each of the reactants in the slow initial stage; the second-order kinetics are not, however, maintained throughout the relatively fast final stage of reaction. The added salts lead to the prediction that Mn(III) and (or) Mn(IV) play a very important role in the reaction kinetics. A tentative mechanism consistent with the kinetics is discussed. Key words: kinetics, oxidation, reduction, amino acids, permanganate.

Melatonin attenuates radiation-induced cortical bone-derived stem cells injury and enhances bone repair in postradiation femoral defect model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Hu ◽  
Jiawu Liang ◽  
Song Liao ◽  
Zhidong Zhao ◽  
Yuxing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Genomic Stability ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Γ Ray

Abstract Background Ionizing radiation poses a challenge to the healing of bone defects. Radiation therapy and accidental exposure to gamma-ray (γ-ray) radiation inhibit bone formation and increase the risk of fractures. Cortical bone-derived stem cells (CBSCs) are essential for osteogenic lineages, bone maintenance, and repair. This study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin on postradiation CBSCs and bone defects. Methods CBSCs were extracted from C57/BL6 mice and were identified by flow cytometry. The effects of exogenous melatonin on the self-renewal and osteogenic capacity of postradiation CBSCs were detected in vitro. The underlying mechanisms in terms of genomic stability, apoptosis and oxidative stress-related signaling were further analyzed by western blotting, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Finally, the effects of melatonin on healing in postradiation bone defects were evaluated in vivo by micro-CT and immunohistochemical analysis. Results The radiation-induced reduced self-renewal and osteogenic capacity were partially reversed in postradiation CBSCs treated with melatonin. Melatonin maintained the genomic stability and apoptosis of postradiation CBSCs, and intracellular oxidative stress was decreased significantly while antioxidant-related enzymes were enhanced. Western blotting verified the anti-inflammatory effect of melatonin by downregulating the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α via extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) signaling, distinct from its antioxidant effect via NRF2 signaling. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the newly formed bone in the melatonin plus Matrigel group had higher trabecular bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) and bone mineral density (BMD) values, and lower levels of IL-6 and TNF-α than those in the irradiation and the Matrigel groups. Conclusions This study suggested the potential of melatonin to protect CBSCs against γ-ray radiation and to assist the healing of postradiation bone defects.

scholarly journals γ-ray Radiation Induced Synthesis and Characterization of α-Cobalt Hydroxide Nanoparticles

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 910-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Wook Kim ◽  
Bob-Jin Kwon ◽  
Jeong-Hoon Park ◽  
Min-Goo Hur ◽  
Seung-Dae Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Cobalt Hydroxide ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Γ Ray

Dinuclear complexes of tetravalent cerium in an aqueous perchloric acid solution

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (24) ◽  
pp. 7190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Ikeda-Ohno ◽  
Satoru Tsushima ◽  
Christoph Hennig ◽  
Tsuyoshi Yaita ◽  
Gert Bernhard
Keyword(s):  
Acid Solution ◽  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Dinuclear Complexes ◽  
Perchloric Acid Solution ◽  
Aqueous Perchloric Acid ◽  
Tetravalent Cerium

The mechanism of 60Co γ-ray radiation induced interfacial redox reaction in inverse emulsion and its application in the synthesis of polymer microcapsules

Polymer ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linyong Song ◽  
Mozhen Wang ◽  
Yuanhua Cong ◽  
Weijun Liu ◽  
Xuewu Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox Reaction ◽  
Inverse Emulsion ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Γ Ray
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