Factors affecting germination of Myricagale seeds

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1105-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa R. Schwintzer ◽  
Andrea Ostrofsky
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
Wet Storage ◽  
Absolute Requirement ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Extended Exposure

Several factors affecting seed germination were investigated in Myricagale L., a nitrogen fixing shrub common on wet soils. Light was essential: seeds failed to germinate in the dark and required four 16-h photoperiods (one per day) for maximum germination. There was no absolute requirement for prechilling, but prechilling increased germination by 75% in 2-month-old seeds and by 164% in 4.5 year-old seeds. Leaching did not affect germination and 500 ppm gibberellic acid enhanced germination only 20%. The seeds were long-lived: there was no decrease in percent germination during 6 years of dry storage at 5 °C and germination remained high after 1 year of wet storage at 5 °C. Because M. gale seeds often germinate on water-worked substrates, the requirement for extended exposure to light for germination may serve as a mechanism to prevent unsuccessful germination of seeds that are reburied after brief exposure to light as sediments are worked by water.

scholarly journals Environmental and Genotypic Regulation of Alstroemeria Seed Germination

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1607-1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. King ◽  
Mark P. Bridgen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Cold Environment ◽  
Environmental Regime ◽  
Environmental Regimes ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Percent Germination

Presowing treatments and temperature regimes were tested to improve germination of Alstroemeria hybrids 3 to 12 months following harvest. In addition, seeds from 20 intraspecific F1 hybrids of five selections were also tested 3 to 7 or 8 to 12 weeks following harvest. Seeds were pretreated by chipping the seedcoat above the embryo, general abrasion of the entire seedcoat, or soaking 12 hours in distilled water, GA, (0.029, 0.29, 2.9 mm), or KNO3 (0.5 and 1.0 m). Pretreatments were evaluated under three environmental regimes: 8 weeks at a constant 18-25C (warm), 4 weeks at 18-25C followed by 4 weeks at 7C (warm-cold), or 4 weeks at 7C followed by 4 weeks at 18-25C (cold-warm). There was an interaction between pretreatment and environmental regime for percent germination. Germination percentages for the water soak and GA, at 0.29 or 2.9 mm were significantly higher than for the other pretreatments, but were not significantly different from one another. The warm-cold environment yielded higher germination percentages than the other environments. The time to germination was longest for the cold-warm regime. This response depended on the genotype and the age of the seed. Chemical name used: gibberellic acid (GA3).

scholarly journals Gibberellic Acid and Presowing Chilling Increase Seed Germination of Indiangrass [Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash.]

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 849-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon I. Watkinson ◽  
Wallace G. Pill
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Sorghastrum Nutans ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Dry Storage

Following dry storage for 5 or 11 months (new and old seeds, respectively) at 5 °C, less than 10% of the seeds of Indiangrass germinated as determined by a standard germination test. We attempted to increase germination by subjecting seeds to dormancy-breaking treatments, including sodium hypochlorite soak (5.25% v/v NaOCl; 20 or 60 min), prechilling (5 °C for 2 weeks), gibberellic acid during germination (GA3, 1000 mg·L-1), and combinations thereof. Treatment with NaOCl increased the germination of non-prechilled seeds only when they were germinated in GA3; a 60-min soak in NaOCl increased germination to 53% and 65% in new and old seeds, respectively. Prechilling increased germination to 65% and 47% in new and old seeds, respectively. Germination of new, prechilled seeds was increased further to 86% by either a 20-min soak in NaOCl or germination in GA3. Germination of old, prechilled seeds was not promoted further by treatment with NaOCl, but was increased to 67% by germination in GA3. Since NaOCl treatment alone failed to promote germination, we examined the effects on seedling emergence and growth of providing GA3 at 1000 mg·L-1 during the 2-week prechilling period. While prechilling alone increased emergence to an average 34% for new and old seeds, prechilling with GA3 increased emergence to 75% and 50% for new and old seeds, respectively. These treatments did not influence seedling shoot dry mass. Seed exposure to GA3 during rather than after prechilling was more effective in promoting Indiangrass establishment.

Factors affecting seed germination, seedling emergence, and survival of texasweed (Caperonia palustris)

Weed Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford H. Koger ◽  
Krishna N. Reddy ◽  
Daniel H. Poston
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Edaphic Conditions ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Constant Dark

Field, laboratory, and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the seed production potential and effect of environmental factors on germination, emergence, and survival of texasweed. Texasweed produced an average of 893 seed per plant, and 90% were viable. Seed exhibited dormancy, and prechilling did not release dormancy. Percent germination ranged from 56% for seed subjected to no prechilling to 1% for seed prechilled at 5 C for 140 d. Seed remained viable during extended prechilling conditions, with 80% of seed viable after 140 d of prechilling. Texasweed seed germinated over a range of 20 to 40 C, with optimum germination (54%) occurring with a fluctuating 40/30 C temperature regime. Seed germinated with fluctuating 12-h light/dark and constant dark conditions. Texasweed seed germinated over a broad range of pH, osmotic potential, and salt concentrations. Seed germination was 31 to 62% over a pH range from 4 to 10. Germination of texasweed ranged from 9 to 56% as osmotic potential decreased from − 0.8 MPa to 0 (distilled water). Germination was greater than 52% at less than 40 mM NaCl concentrations and lowest (27%) at 160 mM NaCl. Texasweed seedlings emerged from soil depths as deep as 7.5 cm (7% emergence), but emergence was > 67% for seed placed on the soil surface or at a 1-cm depth. Texasweed seed did not germinate under saturated or flooded conditions, but seed survived flooding and germinated (23 to 25%) after flood removal. Texasweed seedlings 2.5 to 15 cm tall were not affected by emersion in 10-cm-deep flood for up to 14 d. These results suggest that texasweed seed is capable of germinating and surviving in a variety of climatic and edaphic conditions, and that flooding is not a viable management option for emerged plants of texasweed.

scholarly journals Seed Germination of Cyeas revoluta

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Frett
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Cycas Revoluta

Cycas revoluta seeds commonly take from a few months to a year or more to germinate and germination percentages are normally quite low. In an effort to improve germination, several seed treatments were tested. Seeds germinated better in dark than in the light. Removal of the pulp from seeds increased percent germination as compared to seeds with the pulp intact. Treatment of seeds or 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2 hr with concentrated sulfuric acid increased seed germination. The application of gibberellic acid at concentrations of 500, 1000 or 5000 ppm did not affect germination as compared to controls. Seeds stored at room temperature for 6 months germinated more readily than seeds planted immediately. It is suggested that seeds stored at room temperature and scarified with concentrated sulfuric acid for 1 hr will exhibit improved germination.

scholarly journals GERMINATION OF VERBENA SEED IN RESPONSE TO PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1156c-1156
Author(s):  
Gamil A. Kabbabe ◽  
William J. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
Gradual Loss ◽  
Acetone Treatment ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Peg 8000

Verbena seed when harvested, has a natural dormancy that gradually dissipates during a 5 to 8 month period of dry storage. In this study, the gradual loss of the dormancy causing factor was correlated with germination percentage. Acetone treatment of verbena seeds was found to cause a slight, but non-significant, reduction in total germination. However, the infusion of gibberellic acid (GA4/7) and kinetin (KIN) with the acetone at various concentrations improved germination. The traditional method of seed osmoconditioning using Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 8000) at -1.0 MPa caused a non-significant reduction in percent germination, similar to that with acetone. When growth regulators were mixed with the osmoconditioning solution, at the concentrations used with acetone, a definite and significant improvement in terms of rate and percent of germination was observed.

Seed afterripening and germination photoinhibition in the genusCrocus(Iridaceae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia Skourti ◽  
Costas A. Thanos
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Continuous Darkness ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Germination Experiments ◽  
First Time

AbstractMediterranean characteristics are attributed to the genusCrocus, which is inadequately studied in terms of seed germination. An afterripening requirement is very common in environments with warm and dry periods, and photoinhibition has been detected in many angiosperms inhabiting dry and open areas. The effects of afterripening and light on seed germination were investigated for the first time in 23 native GreekCrocustaxa, collected from various localities with either a Mediterranean or a temperate climate. Germination experiments were conducted in continuous darkness and in light at the optimal temperature for each taxon, with both freshly collected and afterripened seeds; warm stratification (20°C, darkness) was also examined in 22 taxa. A number of selected taxa were additionally investigated with respect to afterripening outdoors, afterripening and warm stratification at higher temperatures (35 and 25°C, respectively), stratification at 20/10°C, dry storage at low temperatures, response to gibberellic acid and phenology of embryo growth. It was postulated that an afterripening requirement is a characteristic of the genusCrocus, and we found that it can be fulfilled in nature during the Mediterranean dry summer. Also, for the vast majority of the taxa, warm stratification and stratification at 20/10°C can both meet the afterripening requirement. Embryos of the taxa studied are underdeveloped and have to grow prior to germination. Intrageneric differences of seed germination were observed only towards light, with photoinhibition being predominant in taxa from drier environments.

scholarly journals 032 EFFECT OF STRATIFICATION AND GIBBERELLIC ACID ON SEED GERMINATION OF NATIVE PLANTS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 432c-432
Author(s):  
Julia L. Bohnen ◽  
Anne M. Hanchek
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Spartina Pectinata ◽  
Seed Industry ◽  
Prairie Cordgrass ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Germination Requirements

The Legislative Commission on Minnesota's Resources funded a two year research project to promote expansion of the native wildflower and grass seed industry in Minnesota. Production of seeds and plants for landscaping and restoration is a growing sector of the horticultural industry, yet documentation of production techniques is sketchy due in part to the large number of species. The species Lilium philadelphicum (wood lily), Phlox pilosa (prairie phlox), and Spartina pectinata (prairie cordgrass) were selected for further analysis of germination requirements. These species were noted by producers as having poor and/or unreliable germination. Cold moist stratification and gibberellic acid (GA) treatments were applied Total percent germination and mean days to germination were calculated and analyzed after 30 days under greenhouse growing conditions. Stratification improved total percent and mean days to germination in L. philadelphicum. P. pilosa responded to treatment by both stratification and GA. Four weeks of stratification may be the best method for decreasing mean days to germination while obtaining adequate total percent germination for S. pectinata.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING SEED GERMINATION OF COMMON TEASEL (Dipsacus fullonum)

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F.F. DADDARIO ◽  
D.J. BENTIVEGNA ◽  
G. TUCAT ◽  
O.A. FERNÁNDEZ
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
Native Grasslands ◽  
Germination Parameters

ABSTRACT Common teasel is a widespread, invasive species that has been introduced in Buenos Aires province, Argentina, where it alters the species composition of protected areas and native grasslands. A better understanding of seed germination behavior is essential for predicting its invasion potential in new areas and would be useful for developing effective management strategies. This research, conducted under laboratory conditions, evaluated the influence of several environmental factors such as pH, constant temperature, osmotic stress, salt stress and dry storage, on germination and rate of germination of common teasel seed. Between-year variation in germination responses was also examined. Seed germination was not affected by different pH levels. Although common teasel seeds germinated over a range of temperatures from 6 to 36 oC, the optimum temperature was 22 oC. Common teasel seed germination showed moderate tolerance to osmotic stress and a relatively high tolerance to salt stress. No seed germination was observed at - 1 MPa and 640 mM of osmotic potential and salt concentration, respectively. Seed germination remained high (> 90%) after all the dry storage treatments. Besides, the response of seeds to germination parameters showed between-year variation. It was shown that common teasel is able to germinate over a broad range of environmental conditions. This capacity would explain, at least partially, why this species is so widely distributed and its great potential to invade new areas.

scholarly journals 301 Gibberellic Acid (GA3) and Light Affect Germination of Echinacea angustifolia Seeds

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 443D-443
Author(s):  
Keun Ho Cho ◽  
Chiwon W. Lee ◽  
Kyu-Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Echinacea Angustifolia ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Related Compounds

The narrow-leaved purple coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia) produces echinacin and related compounds in the root, which are known to have immune and curative properties against viral, fungal, and bacterial infections. In recent years, cultivation of this species has increased in response to growing market demand for natural medicinal remedies. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of gibberellic acid and light on the germination of E. angustifolia seeds. Seeds soaked for 24 h in 0, 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 250, 500 or 1000 mg/L GA3 solution were germinated on Whatman #1 filter paper inside petri dishes at 22 °C with or without light (80 μmol·m-2·s-1) for 21 days. The seeds germinated poorly in dark with the final percent germination range from 10% (GA3 1000 mg/L) to 36% (GA3 250 mg/L). Under light, seed germination showed a quadratic response (r = 0.84) to GA3 concentration. Percent germination exceeded 90% at 10, 50, and 100 mg/L GA3 with the mean time (T50) to germinate varying at 10.5, 11.7, and 13.3 days, respectively, under light. Seed germination under light was <10% when treated with 500 and 1000 mg/L GA3. In general, seed germination was best when treated with 10 or 50 mg/L GA3 under light. Results of this research may well be used in enhancing seed germination during field establishment of E. angustifolia.

scholarly journals Effects of Light, Scarification, and Gibberellic Acid on Seed Germination of Eight Pedicularis Species from Yunnan, China

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1259-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Rong Li ◽  
Kai-Yun Guan ◽  
Robin J. Probert
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Northwestern Yunnan

Seeds of most Pedicularis species do not germinate easily and uniformly, which hinders the process of seeking solutions for successful cultivation of these taxa. In an attempt to determine optimal conditions and effective methods for uniform, rapid, and high-percent germination, the effects of light, scarification, and gibberellic acid (GA3) were tested on seed germination of eight Pedicularis species from nine sites in the northwestern Yunnan Province of China. There were some differences in germination characteristics among the tested species. Seed germination of some species was promoted by light, but not in others. Wet-habitat species generally had positive photoblastic responses. For many species, scarification was effective to promote seed germination, but neither 100 nor 500 mg·L−1 GA3 had consistent promoting effects.

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