Studies on the action of interleukin-1 on term human fetal membranes and decidua

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Alnaif ◽  
R. J. Benzie ◽  
W. Gibb
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Human Amnion ◽  
Chorion Laeve ◽  
Interleukin 1Α ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Dispersed Cells

Recent studies have indicated the possible importance of cytokines in the onset of term and preterm labor. To examine this further, the effect of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-1α (IL-1α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) on prostaglandin output by dispersed cells from human amnion, chorion laeve, and decidua obtained at term (38–40 weeks gestation) was examined. During the first or second 24 h of culture no significant effect of these interleukins on prostaglandin output was observed. The reason for this apparent refractoriness was further investigated by studying the distribution of IL-1 receptors in frozen sections of undisrupted fetal membranes and decidua at term. Whole-tissue autoradiography indicated that receptors were present in chorion–decidua but not in amnion. By using emulsion autoradiography, IL-1 receptors were found in high concentrations in chorion laeve and were absent in amnion and at low levels in the decidua. These studies indicate that under normal circumstances in human pregnancy at term IL-1 did not stimulate prostaglandin production by dispersed cells. In the case of amnion, this may be due to the absence of receptors, and therefore it would appear that the IL-1 receptor must first be induced in this tissue before it can respond to this cytokine. Furthermore, although chorion laeve expresses the IL-1 receptor, dispersed cells from this tissue did not respond to the cytokine by increasing prostaglandin output.Key words: labor, prostaglandins, interleukin-1, interleukin-1 receptor, fetal membranes, decidua.

Localization and regulation of IL-1α in rat myometrium during late pregnancy and the postpartum period

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (3) ◽  
pp. R879-R888 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Andres Melendez ◽  
James M. Vinci ◽  
John J. Jeffrey ◽  
Brian D. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Interstitial Collagenase

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been implicated as a participant in preterm labor that is induced by bacterial infection. Previously, we showed that serotonin-induced production of IL-1α by myometrial smooth muscle cells in vitro is also essential for the synthesis of interstitial collagenase. It is therefore likely that IL-1α production in uterine tissues has implications for both the normal physiology of involution and for the pathophysiological mechanisms of preterm labor. The objective of this study was to characterize the serotonin-induced production of IL-1α by myometrial cultures in vitro and to assess the production of IL-1α and its relationship to collagenase production in vivo during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated IL-1α protein in the nuclei and cytoplasm of serotonin-treated myometrial cells. IL-1α levels were decreased by treatment with progesterone or IL-1-receptor antagonist but were unaffected by lipopolysaccharide. Western analysis of myometrium from pregnant rats showed low levels of IL-1α during midpregnancy with increased concentrations at days 21 and 22 and postpartum. IL-1α mRNA levels also increased from days 15to 22. Levels of mRNA for IL-1β also increased, although to a lesser degree than IL-1α. Both mRNAs decreased postpartum. Conversely, mRNA for interstitial collagenase was barely detectable at term but increased postpartum. Together, these data show that serotonin stimulates IL-1α production in vitro and indicate that normal myometrium from pregnant rats is an identifiable source of IL-1 during late pregnancy. The findings are consistent with the possibility that myometrial IL-1α participates in normal labor as well as the postpartum production of interstitial collagenase.

Trihalomethane Formation Potential and Disinfection

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
C.R. Erland Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Formation Potential ◽  
Trihalomethane Formation Potential ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Operational Data ◽  
Surface Water Supply

Abstract The UVOX process was developed to reduce the high concentrations of trihalomethanes, a potentially hazardous disinfection by-product found in a surface water supply for a community in northeastern Saskatchewan. Pilot plant tests were conducted at a throughput of 1.25 l/s utilizing UV to produce hydroxyl radicals from photolysis of H2O2 with air cooled UV units. These tests continued through 1985 andl986 to provide operational data for all seasons of the year. Test results indicated that the UVOX process was effective in reducing trihalomethane formation potential to very low levels. Recent concerns have also centred on the biocidal effectivenesss of disinfectants, particularly when applied to inactivation of resistant species of microogranisms, such as the cysts of Giardia lamblia. The UVOX process in a single pass configuration slightly enhanced the ability of UV to inactivate Giardia cysts.

Growth responses of periphyton and chironomids exposed to biologically treated bleached kraft pulp mill effluent

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Dubé ◽  
J. M. Culp
Keyword(s):  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Pulp Mill Effluent ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Wood Extractives ◽  
Kraft Pulp Mill ◽  
Bleached Kraft Pulp ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Concentrations

Experiments were conducted in artificial streams to determine the effects of increasing concentrations of biologically treated bleached kraft pulp mill effluent (BKPME) on periphyton and chironomid growth in the Thompson River, British Columbia. Periphyton growth, as determined by increases in chlorophyll a, was significantly stimulated at all effluent concentrations tested (0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0% and, 10.0%). Chironomid growth (individual weight) was also significantly stimulated at low effluent concentrations (≤1.0%). At higher concentrations (5.0% and 10.0%), chironomid growth was inhibited relative to the 1.0% treatment streams. Increases in growth were attributed to the effects of nutrient and organic enrichment from BKPME. The effluent contained high concentrations of phosphorus and appears to be an important source of carbon for benthic insects grazing on the biofilm. In high concentration effluent streams, chironomid growth decreased despite low levels of typical pulp mill contaminants. This suggests that other compounds in the effluent, such as wood extractives, may be inhibiting chironomid growth. These results support findings of field monitoring studies conducted in the Thompson River where changes in periphyton and chironomid abundance occurred downstream of the bleached kraft pulp mill.

Polymorphisms in the interleukin-1 gene influence the stratum corneum interleukin-1α concentration in uninvolved skin of patients with chronic irritant contact dermatitis

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy M. de Jongh ◽  
Liubov Khrenova ◽  
Sanja Kezic ◽  
Thomas Rustemeyer ◽  
Maarten M. Verberk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Irritant Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Uninvolved Skin ◽  
Interleukin 1Α

Protective effect of Astragali radix extract on interleukin 1?-induced in?ammation in human amnion

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1016-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Hee Shon ◽  
Kyung-Soo Nam
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Human Amnion ◽  
Astragali Radix

scholarly journals Expression of interleukin-1α and interleukin-1 receptor type I genes in murine brown adipose tissue

FEBS Letters ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 334 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Burýs̆ek ◽  
Petr Tvrdí ◽  
Josef Hous̆tĕk
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Receptor Type ◽  
Type I ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Interleukin 1Α

scholarly journals Summertime PM<sub>2.5</sub> ionic species in four major cities of China: nitrate formation in an ammonia-deficient atmosphere

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1711-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Pathak ◽  
W. S. Wu ◽  
T. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Gas Phase Reaction ◽  
Particulate Pollution ◽  
Aerosol Acidity ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract. Strong atmospheric photochemistry in summer can produce a significant amount of secondary aerosols, which may have a large impact on regional air quality and visibility. In the study reported herein, we analyzed sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium in PM2.5 samples collected using a 24-h filter system at suburban and rural sites near four major cities in China (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Lanzhou). Overall, the PM2.5 mass concentrations were high (with a mean value of 55–68 gμgm−3), which reflects the long-known particulate pollution in China's large urban centers. We observed very high concentrations of sulfate and nitrate at the Beijing and Shanghai sites, and, in particular, abnormally high levels of nitrate (24-h average concentration up to 42 gμgm−3 and contributing up to 25% of the PM2.5 mass) in the ammonium-poor samples. The Beijing and Shanghai aerosols were characterized by high levels of aerosol acidity (~220–390 nmol m−3) and low levels of in-situ pH (−0.77 to −0.52). In these samples, the formation of the observed high concentrations of particulate nitrate cannot be explained by homogeneous gas-phase reaction between ammonia and nitric acid. Examination of the relation of nitrate to relative humidity and aerosol loading suggests that the nitrate was most probably formed via the heterogeneous hydrolysis of N2O5 on the surface of the moist and acidic aerosols in Beijing and Shanghai. In comparison, the samples collected in Lanzhou and Guangzhou were ammonium-rich with low levels of aerosol acidity (~65–70 nmol m−3), and the formation of ammonium nitrate via the homogeneous gas-phase reaction was favored, which is similar to many previous studies. An empirical fit has been derived to relate fine nitrate to aerosol acidity, aerosol water content, aerosol surface area, and the precursor of nitrate for the data from Beijing and Shanghai.

scholarly journals Association between an insertion/deletion polymorphism in the interleukin-1α gene and the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qizhao Ma ◽  
Zhigang Mao ◽  
Jipei Du ◽  
Shiping Liao ◽  
Yanjiang Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Deletion Polymorphism ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Interleukin 1Α ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Insertion Allele

Background: Previous studies have reported that polymorphisms in the interleukin-1 gene may be involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Aim: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether an insertion/deletion polymorphism, rs3783553, located in the miR-122 target gene interleukin-1α, was associated with the risk of colorectal cancer. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood of 382 patients with colorectal cancer and 433 controls, and the polymorphism was genotyped using a polymerase chain reaction assay. Results: Significantly decreased colorectal cancer risk was observed to be associated with the interleukin-1α rs3783553 insertion/insertion genotype ( P=0.0001; OR=0.41; 95% CI 0.26, 0.65) and the insertion allele ( P<0.001; OR=0.68; 95% CI 0.55, 0.83). Stratification analysis based on clinical and pathological features also revealed that the “TTCA” insertion allele of rs3783553 contributes to slow the progression of colorectal cancer. Conclusion: These results suggest that the rs3783553 polymorphism could be a useful genetic marker to predict the size/extent of colorectal cancer.

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