Monitoring heart rate and body temperature in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes)

Twenty-four captive-raised red foxes were surgically implanted with radios that transmitted both heart rate and body temperature. Successive fox pairs were placed in a 4.1-ha observation pen for 2 weeks and behavior was video recorded. The radio signal was recorded on the audio portion of the video tape for computer decoding. Heart rate and body temperature were measured for six behavior categories: sleeping, awake, hunting, feeding, running, and being chased. The heart rate for each of these categories was significantly different from any other (P = 0.0001). All body temperature categories were different from each other except for running and being chased (P = 0.0001). Both heart rate and body temperature increased with level of activity. The only significant difference in heart rate and body temperature between sexes was for the sleeping heart rate category, where females had higher values than males (P = 0.04). There was also a significant time of day effect showing that body temperature while awake was highest at night (P = 0.0005). Sleeping foxes displayed a pronounced sinus arrhythmia which disappeared when they became active.

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Seasonal and daily activity patterns in a Canadian population of the prairie rattlesnake, Crotalus viridus viridis

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z85-016 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 86-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

V. P. J. Gannon ◽

D. M. Secoy

Keyword(s):

Daily Activity ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

High Energy ◽

Time Of Day ◽

Energy Demands ◽

Level Of Activity ◽

Canadian Population ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Gravid Females ◽

Daily Activity Patterns

The seasonal and daily activity patterns of a Saskatchewan population of Crotalus viridus viridis is presented. Snakes emerged from hibernation in late April and migrated into the surrounding river valley and upland regions in early May. Adult migration preceded that of immature age-classes. Several gravid females occupied a rookery near the hibernaculum during the summer months and remained there until parturition. Females did not occupy this site in successive years and may have a biennial or greater reproductive cycle. Snakes returned to the hibernaculum in early September and remained active until early October. The behaviour of snakes in a field enclosure in response to time of day and body temperature (Tb) was recorded during the spring, summer, and fall. Significant differences in the Tb values of sunning, movement, and shading behaviours were noted. Gravid females were significantly more active in all seasons. However, no significant difference in mean Tb was found between males and females in the field, enclosure study, or laboratory thermal gradient. The observed greater level of activity may reflect the high energy demands of gravid females.

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Effects of diazepam, ketamine HCl and sevoflurane anesthesia on vital and recovery values of nine long legged buzzards (Buteo rufinus) upon wing amputation

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society ◽

10.12681/jhvms.18877 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (3) ◽

pp. 1071

Author(s):

C. T. İŞLER ◽

M. E. ALTUĞ ◽

Z. YURTAL ◽

M. Z.Y. DEVECI

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Sevoflurane Anesthesia ◽

Preoperative Period ◽

Time Effects ◽

Vital Functions ◽

Significant Difference ◽

First Time ◽

Ketamine Hcl ◽

Vital Parameters

In this clinical study, effects of diazepam + ketamine HCl + sevoflurane anesthesia on vital functions and recovery duration and qualityofnine long legged buzzards were evaluated upon wing amputation. Operation was decided for long legged buzzards and heartand breathingrate, body temperature, and reflexes of long legged buzzards were evaluated before, during and after the anesthesia. Diazepam and ketamine HCl injection increased the heart rate whereas it was decreased by sevoflurane. Respiratory rate decreased upon sevoflurane application. Body temperature decreased during anesthesia. Recovery began in the 3rd minute after cessation of sevoflurane administration with return of eye reflexes and completedin the 35th minute. It was observed that although birdsrecovered from anesthesia, danger of hypothermia persisted for a long time.There was a significant difference between the respiratory and heart rates during the ketamine HCl and sevofluraneanesthesia from those in the preoperative period. However, there was no statistically significant difference between pre and post operative periods in terms of vital parameters. For the first time, effects of diazepam + ketamine HCl + sevoflurane anesthesia combination on vital parameters are evaluated in long legged buzzards in Turkey.

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Role of the hypothalamic PVN in the reflex reduction in mesenteric blood flow elicited by hyperthermia

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.90384.2008 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 295 (6) ◽

pp. R1874-R1881 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Feng Chen ◽

Melissa Dworak ◽

Yuliang Wang ◽

Joo Lee Cham ◽

Emilio Badoer

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Core Body Temperature ◽

Separate Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Mesenteric Blood Flow ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Core Body

The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is an important integrative center in the brain. In the present study, we investigated whether the PVN is a key region in the mesenteric vasoconstriction that normally accompanies an increase in core body temperature. Anesthetized rats were monitored for blood pressure, heart rate, mesenteric blood flow, and vascular conductance. In control rats, elevation of core body temperature to 41°C had no significant effect on blood pressure, increased heart rate, and reduced mesenteric blood flow by 21%. In a separate group of rats, muscimol was microinjected bilaterally (1 nmol/side) into the PVN. Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in the blood pressure and heart rate responses elicited by the increase in core body temperature. In contrast to control animals, however, mesenteric blood flow did not fall in the muscimol-treated rats in response to the elevation in core body temperature. In a separate group, in which muscimol was microinjected into regions outside the PVN, elevating core body temperature elicited the normal reduction in mesenteric blood flow. The results suggest that the PVN may play a key role in the reflex decrease in mesenteric blood flow elicited by hyperthermia.

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Time-frequency analysis of heart rate variability reveals cardiolocomotor coupling during dynamic cycling exercise in humans

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00881.2008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 296 (5) ◽

pp. H1651-H1659 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Grégory Blain ◽

Olivier Meste ◽

Alexandre Blain ◽

Stéphane Bermon

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Power Output ◽

Maximal Power ◽

Maximal Power Output ◽

Sinus Arrhythmia ◽

Cycling Exercise ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cardiolocomotor Coupling ◽

Pedaling Frequency

To test the hypothesis that cycling exercise modulates heart rate variability (HRV), we applied a short-time Fourier transform on the electrocardiogram of subjects performing a maximal graded cycling test. A pedaling frequency component (PFC) in HRV was continuously observed over the time course of the exercise test and extracted from R-R interval series obtained from 15 healthy subjects with a heterogeneous physical fitness, exercising at three different pedaling frequency ( n = 5): 70, 80, and 90 rpm. From 30 to 50% of the maximal power output (Pmax), in the 90 rpm group, spectral aliasing caused PFC to overlap with the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) band, significantly overestimating the PFC amplitude ( APFC). In the meantime, APFC did not increase significantly from its minimal values in the 70 rpm (∼1.26 ms) and 80 rpm (∼1.20 ms) groups. Then, from 60 to 100% maximal power output (Pmax), workload increase caused a significant ∼2.8-, ∼3.3-, and ∼3.4-fold increase in APFC in the 70, 80, and 90 rpm groups, respectively, with no significant difference between groups. At peak exercise, APFC accounted for ∼43, ∼39, and ∼49% of the total HRV in the 70, 80, and 90 rpm groups, respectively. Our findings indicate that cycling continuously modulates the cardiac chronotropic response to exercise, inducing a new component in HRV, and that workload increase during intense exercise further accentuates this cardiolocomotor coupling. Moreover, because PFC and RSA overlapped at low workloads, methodological care should be taken in future studies aiming to quantify RSA as an index of parasympathetic activity.

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The effects of age, sex, body temperature, heart rate, and time of day on the perception of time in life

Time & Society ◽

10.1177/0961463x13479187 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 195-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

PA Hancock ◽

GM Hancock

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Time Of Day ◽

Perception Of Time

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Mice lacking melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 demonstrate increased heart rate associated with altered autonomic activity

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00134.2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 287 (4) ◽

pp. R749-R758 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Annika Åstrand ◽

Mohammad Bohlooly-Y ◽

Sara Larsdotter ◽

Margit Mahlapuu ◽

Harriet Andersén ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Nervous System ◽

Autonomic Nervous System ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Dark Phase ◽

Wild Type ◽

Autonomic Nervous ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Melanin Concentrating Hormone

Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) plays an important role in energy balance. The current studies were carried out on a new line of mice lacking the rodent MCH receptor (MCHR1−/− mice). These mice confirmed the previously reported lean phenotype characterized by increased energy expenditure and modestly increased caloric intake. Because MCH is expressed in the lateral hypothalamic area, which also has an important role in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system, heart rate and blood pressure were measured by a telemetric method to investigate whether the increased energy expenditure in these mice might be due to altered autonomic nervous system activity. Male MCHR1−/− mice demonstrated a significantly increased heart rate [24-h period: wild type 495 ± 4 vs. MCHR1−/− 561 ± 8 beats/min ( P < 0.001); dark phase: wild type 506 ± 8 vs. MCHR1−/− 582 ± 9 beats/min ( P < 0.001); light phase: wild type 484 ± 13 vs. MCHR1−/− 539 ± 9 beats/min ( P < 0.005)] with no significant difference in mean arterial pressure [wild type 110 ± 0.3 vs. MCHR1−/− 113 ± 0.4 mmHg ( P > 0.05)]. Locomotor activity and core body temperature were higher in the MCHR1−/− mice during the dark phase only and thus temporally dissociated from heart rate differences. On fasting, wild-type animals rapidly downregulated body temperature and heart rate. MCHR1−/− mice displayed a distinct delay in the onset of this downregulation. To investigate the mechanism underlying these differences, autonomic blockade experiments were carried out. Administration of the adrenergic antagonist metoprolol completely reversed the tachycardia seen in MCHR1−/− mice, suggesting an increased sympathetic tone.

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Effect of Short-Term Mobile Phone Base Station Exposure on Cognitive Performance, Body Temperature, Heart Rate and Blood Pressure of Malaysians

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/srep13206 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

F. Malek ◽

K. A. Rani ◽

H. A. Rahim ◽

M. H. Omar

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Base Station ◽

Physiological Parameters ◽

Short Term ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Individuals who report their sensitivity to electromagnetic fields often undergo cognitive impairments that they believe are due to the exposure of mobile phone technology. The aim of this study is to clarify whether short-term exposure at 1 V/m to the typical Global System for Mobile Communication and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) affects cognitive performance and physiological parameters (body temperature, blood pressure and heart rate). This study applies counterbalanced randomizing single blind tests to determine if sensitive individuals experience more negative health effects when they are exposed to base station signals compared with sham (control) individuals. The sample size is 200 subjects with 50.0% Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (IEI-EMF) also known as sensitive and 50.0% (non-IEI-EMF). The computer-administered Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB eclipse TM) is used to examine cognitive performance. Four tests are chosen to evaluate Cognitive performance in CANTAB: Reaction Time (RTI), Rapid Visual Processing (RVP), Paired Associates Learning (PAL) and Spatial Span (SSP). Paired sample t-test on the other hand, is used to examine the physiological parameters. Generally, in both groups, there is no statistical significant difference between the exposure and sham exposure towards cognitive performance and physiological effects (P’s > 0.05).

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