scholarly journals Effects of diazepam, ketamine HCl and sevoflurane anesthesia on vital and recovery values of nine long legged buzzards (Buteo rufinus) upon wing amputation

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1071
Author(s):  
C. T. İŞLER ◽  
M. E. ALTUĞ ◽  
Z. YURTAL ◽  
M. Z.Y. DEVECI
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Sevoflurane Anesthesia ◽  
Preoperative Period ◽  
Time Effects ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ketamine Hcl ◽  
Vital Parameters

In this clinical study, effects of diazepam + ketamine HCl + sevoflurane anesthesia on vital functions and recovery duration and qualityofnine long legged buzzards were evaluated upon wing amputation. Operation was decided for long legged buzzards and heartand breathingrate, body temperature, and reflexes of long legged buzzards were evaluated before, during and after the anesthesia. Diazepam and ketamine HCl injection increased the heart rate whereas it was decreased by sevoflurane. Respiratory rate decreased upon sevoflurane application. Body temperature decreased during anesthesia. Recovery began in the 3rd minute after cessation of sevoflurane administration with return of eye reflexes and completedin the 35th minute. It was observed that although birdsrecovered from anesthesia, danger of hypothermia persisted for a long time.There was a significant difference between the respiratory and heart rates during the ketamine HCl and sevofluraneanesthesia from those in the preoperative period. However, there was no statistically significant difference between pre and post operative periods in terms of vital parameters. For the first time, effects of diazepam + ketamine HCl + sevoflurane anesthesia combination on vital parameters are evaluated in long legged buzzards in Turkey.

scholarly journals Applications of a novel radiotelemetry method for the measurement of intrathoracic pressures and physiological rhythms in freely behaving mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 992-1005
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Foster ◽  
Jade P. Marrow ◽  
Melissa A. Allwood ◽  
Keith R. Brunt ◽  
Jeremy A. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Intrathoracic Pressure ◽  
Hypoxic Stress ◽  
Chronic Recording ◽  
Respiratory Parameters ◽  
Freely Behaving ◽  
First Time

We have demonstrated for the first time in mice that radiotelemetry is an effective tool for the continuous and chronic recording of intrathoracic pressure (ITP) to facilitate circadian rhythm analyses. We show that continuous 24-h hypoxic stress alters the circadian rhythms of heart rate, body temperature, activity, and respiratory parameters, acutely and perpetually, through normoxic recovery. Radiotelemetry of ITP can complement traditional methods for evaluating respiratory function and better our understanding of respiratory pathophysiology.

Role of the hypothalamic PVN in the reflex reduction in mesenteric blood flow elicited by hyperthermia

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (6) ◽  
pp. R1874-R1881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Chen ◽  
Melissa Dworak ◽  
Yuliang Wang ◽  
Joo Lee Cham ◽  
Emilio Badoer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Separate Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mesenteric Blood Flow ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Core Body

The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is an important integrative center in the brain. In the present study, we investigated whether the PVN is a key region in the mesenteric vasoconstriction that normally accompanies an increase in core body temperature. Anesthetized rats were monitored for blood pressure, heart rate, mesenteric blood flow, and vascular conductance. In control rats, elevation of core body temperature to 41°C had no significant effect on blood pressure, increased heart rate, and reduced mesenteric blood flow by 21%. In a separate group of rats, muscimol was microinjected bilaterally (1 nmol/side) into the PVN. Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in the blood pressure and heart rate responses elicited by the increase in core body temperature. In contrast to control animals, however, mesenteric blood flow did not fall in the muscimol-treated rats in response to the elevation in core body temperature. In a separate group, in which muscimol was microinjected into regions outside the PVN, elevating core body temperature elicited the normal reduction in mesenteric blood flow. The results suggest that the PVN may play a key role in the reflex decrease in mesenteric blood flow elicited by hyperthermia.

scholarly journals Changes of Vital Parameters after Administration of Butorphanol during Tiletamine-Zolazepam-Ketamine-Xylazine Anaesthesia for Joint Surgery in Miniature Pigs

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Raušer ◽  
L. Lexmaulová ◽  
R. Srnec ◽  
J. Lorenzová ◽  
H. Kecová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Miniature Pigs ◽  
Joint Surgery ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Vital Parameters

The study compares the effects of butorphanol in pigs undergoing joint surgery in tiletamine-zolazepam-ketamine-xylazine (TKX) anaesthesia. A total of 12 pigs were divided into 2 groups by 6 animals - BUT (anaesthetized with TKX combination and butorphanol) and CON (control group - anaesthetized with TKX combination only). All pigs were sedated with a mix of tiletamin-zolazepam-ketamin-xylazin, put into total anaesthesia using propofol, and connected to an anaesthesiology unit (O2-Air). For 40 min we logged the heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), haemoglobin saturation by oxygen (SpO2) and end-tidal CO2 concentration (ETCO2) values. Ten minutes after connecting to the devices, the pigs in the BUT group were intravenously administered butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg) in the total volume of 2 ml, or physiological saline in the same volume. The pigs in the BUT group had a lower (p < 0.05) HR in 5th, 10th and 25th min, and a lower RR in the 10th, 15th and 20th min. MAP, ETCO2 and SpO2 values did not differ substantially. Butorphanol can thus be identified as a suitable analgesic TKX supplement to anaesthesia of miniature pigs with minimum effect on vital functions.

Mice lacking melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 demonstrate increased heart rate associated with altered autonomic activity

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (4) ◽  
pp. R749-R758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Åstrand ◽  
Mohammad Bohlooly-Y ◽  
Sara Larsdotter ◽  
Margit Mahlapuu ◽  
Harriet Andersén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Melanin Concentrating Hormone

Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) plays an important role in energy balance. The current studies were carried out on a new line of mice lacking the rodent MCH receptor (MCHR1−/− mice). These mice confirmed the previously reported lean phenotype characterized by increased energy expenditure and modestly increased caloric intake. Because MCH is expressed in the lateral hypothalamic area, which also has an important role in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system, heart rate and blood pressure were measured by a telemetric method to investigate whether the increased energy expenditure in these mice might be due to altered autonomic nervous system activity. Male MCHR1−/− mice demonstrated a significantly increased heart rate [24-h period: wild type 495 ± 4 vs. MCHR1−/− 561 ± 8 beats/min ( P < 0.001); dark phase: wild type 506 ± 8 vs. MCHR1−/− 582 ± 9 beats/min ( P < 0.001); light phase: wild type 484 ± 13 vs. MCHR1−/− 539 ± 9 beats/min ( P < 0.005)] with no significant difference in mean arterial pressure [wild type 110 ± 0.3 vs. MCHR1−/− 113 ± 0.4 mmHg ( P > 0.05)]. Locomotor activity and core body temperature were higher in the MCHR1−/− mice during the dark phase only and thus temporally dissociated from heart rate differences. On fasting, wild-type animals rapidly downregulated body temperature and heart rate. MCHR1−/− mice displayed a distinct delay in the onset of this downregulation. To investigate the mechanism underlying these differences, autonomic blockade experiments were carried out. Administration of the adrenergic antagonist metoprolol completely reversed the tachycardia seen in MCHR1−/− mice, suggesting an increased sympathetic tone.

scholarly journals Effect of Short-Term Mobile Phone Base Station Exposure on Cognitive Performance, Body Temperature, Heart Rate and Blood Pressure of Malaysians

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Malek ◽  
K. A. Rani ◽  
H. A. Rahim ◽  
M. H. Omar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Individuals who report their sensitivity to electromagnetic fields often undergo cognitive impairments that they believe are due to the exposure of mobile phone technology. The aim of this study is to clarify whether short-term exposure at 1 V/m to the typical Global System for Mobile Communication and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) affects cognitive performance and physiological parameters (body temperature, blood pressure and heart rate). This study applies counterbalanced randomizing single blind tests to determine if sensitive individuals experience more negative health effects when they are exposed to base station signals compared with sham (control) individuals. The sample size is 200 subjects with 50.0% Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (IEI-EMF) also known as sensitive and 50.0% (non-IEI-EMF). The computer-administered Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB eclipse TM) is used to examine cognitive performance. Four tests are chosen to evaluate Cognitive performance in CANTAB: Reaction Time (RTI), Rapid Visual Processing (RVP), Paired Associates Learning (PAL) and Spatial Span (SSP). Paired sample t-test on the other hand, is used to examine the physiological parameters. Generally, in both groups, there is no statistical significant difference between the exposure and sham exposure towards cognitive performance and physiological effects (P’s > 0.05).

scholarly journals Repercussion of Academic Stress on Vital Parameters among Medical Students of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Kinza Sammar ◽  
Anwar Shahzad ◽  
Maheen Shah ◽  
Mohammad Ali ◽  
Tooba Jadoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Academic Stress ◽  
Mood Disturbance ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Total Mood Disturbance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vital Parameters

OBJECTIVES: An increased stress is a common cause of mental fatigue and physical consumption among medical students. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the effect of stress on vital parameters during students’ examination and to highlight the importance of personal well being among medical students. METHODOLOGY: The major aim of this study was to assess the effect of academic stress on vital parameters in medical students. This study was carried out in Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad in September to October 2018. The subjects selected for the study were final year MBBS students. Data was collected before and during the examinations. After taking their due consent, physical parameters such as blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic), heart rate were measured and psychological parameters like perceived stress and total mood disturbance were evaluated. Data was analyzed by using SPSS-22. RESULTS: Parameters like blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic) and total mood disturbance score   with a p-value of <.01 showed significant difference during examination. However other variables like age, height, weight, BMI, heart rate, and perceived stress score showed no significant difference. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that students during examinations were under pressure which resulted in anxiety and stress. Total Mood Disturbance is considered a more reliable and prominent factor in interpretation of a student's stressed and disturbed state. It is more closely related to the stress state of students than any other.  

Monitoring heart rate and body temperature in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes)

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2455-2458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry J. Kreeger ◽  
Daniel Monson ◽  
Valerian B. Kuechle ◽  
Ulysses S. Seal ◽  
John R. Tester
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Radio Signal ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Video Tape ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Behavior

Twenty-four captive-raised red foxes were surgically implanted with radios that transmitted both heart rate and body temperature. Successive fox pairs were placed in a 4.1-ha observation pen for 2 weeks and behavior was video recorded. The radio signal was recorded on the audio portion of the video tape for computer decoding. Heart rate and body temperature were measured for six behavior categories: sleeping, awake, hunting, feeding, running, and being chased. The heart rate for each of these categories was significantly different from any other (P = 0.0001). All body temperature categories were different from each other except for running and being chased (P = 0.0001). Both heart rate and body temperature increased with level of activity. The only significant difference in heart rate and body temperature between sexes was for the sleeping heart rate category, where females had higher values than males (P = 0.04). There was also a significant time of day effect showing that body temperature while awake was highest at night (P = 0.0005). Sleeping foxes displayed a pronounced sinus arrhythmia which disappeared when they became active.

scholarly journals Comparison of Clinical and Hemodynamic Effects of Isoflurane and Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Calves

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahime Yaygingul ◽  
Ali Belge ◽  
Ibrahim Akin ◽  
Cengiz Unsal ◽  
Osman Bulut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Sevoflurane Anesthesia ◽  
Inhalation Anesthesia ◽  
Sevoflurane Group ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
Isoflurane Group ◽  
Anesthetic Concentration ◽  
Standing Up

Background: Inhalation anesthesia is the preferred method for use on many animal species, including ruminants, due to its superiority over the injectable anesthetics. The most commonly used inhalation anesthetics are isoflurane and sevoflurane The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia on the cardiovascular system of calves.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 20 calves (11 male, 9 female) between 1 and 6 months in age and 50 to 85 kg in body weight were used. The calves were divided randomly into two groups of 10 each, with one group being administered isoflurane and the other sevoflurane. An intramuscular dosage of 0.1 mg/kg of xylazine was administered to the calves as premedication. Induction was performed 10 min after calves were given an intramuscular dosage of 4 mg/kg of ketamine. Inhalation anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane or sevoflurane in 100% oxygen saturation. Before anesthesia, after induction and at intervals of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, and 60 min of anesthesia, the body temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate of the calves were recorded. Additionally, before anesthesia, after induction and at intervals of 15, 30, 45, and 60 min of anesthesia, serum electrolyte (Na+, Ca++, K+, Mg++) and blood gases (pH, pCO2, pO2, HCO3-, TCO2, O2Sat, HCT) were evaluated from blood samples taken from both groups. The second derivation, durations and amplitudes of the P and T waves, the durations and amplitudes of the QRS complex, and the durations of PQ and QT intervals were evaluated on the ECGs recorded before anesthesia, after induction and during anesthesia. Following anesthesia termination, the extubation time and the time it took for straightening of the head and standing up were recorded. Decrease in heart rate and body temperature were found significant in two of the groups. Decrease in respiratory rate compared to initial values after premedication was statistically significant for both groups. However, during anesthesia, an increase occurred. This incresae in respiration rate was not statistically significant compared to initial values. The incease in the values of pCO2, pO2, HCO3 and the decrease in the values of pH and Hct comparing the initial values was found statistically significant in both groups.Discussion: In ruminants, isoflurane has an induction concentration of 3-5% and an anesthetic concentration of 1.5-3%, while sevoflurane has an induction concentration of 4-6% and an anesthetic concentration of 2.5-4%. In this study, the concentration of isoflurane was 2.3% (2-5) and the of sevoflurane was 4.07% (3-5) for surgery. In the isoflurane group, extubation, straightening of the head and standing up times were 12.40 ± 3.77 min, 20.4 ± 1.57 min, and 30.80 ± 1.89 min, respectively. In the sevoflurane group, extubation, straightening of the head and standing up times were 13.40 ± 4.99, 19.2 ± 1.49, and 28.0 ± 1.83 min, respectively. Although the calves in the isoflurane group were extubated earlier than those of the sevoflurane group, the time elapsed for straightening of the head and standing up were longer than that of the sevoflurane group. The anesthesia protocol provided a smooth anesthetic administration, general anesthesia and awakening. In conclusion, the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia on the cardiovascular and respiratory system were similar, and although the changes that emerged during anesthesia were statistically significant, it was nonetheless found that the changes were within the physiological limits.

scholarly journals Premedication with fentanyl-midazolam improves sevoflurane anesthesia for surgical intervention in laboratory mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 242 (12) ◽  
pp. 1287-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Lipiski ◽  
Margarete Arras ◽  
Paulin Jirkof ◽  
Nikola Cesarovic
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Sevoflurane Anesthesia ◽  
Basic Training ◽  
Laboratory Mice ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Food And Water Intake ◽  
Baseline Values

Balanced anesthesia allows for a reduced dosage of each component, while inducing general anesthesia of sufficient depth with potentially fewer side effects. Here, we compare two anesthetic protocols combining sevoflurane anesthesia with pre-medication (ketamine [K] or fentanyl-midazolam [FM]) to a sevoflurane monoanesthesia (S) concerning their ability to provide reliable anesthesia suitable for moderate surgery in laboratory mice. Twenty-one female C57BL/6J mice assigned randomly to one of three protocols underwent a 50-min anesthesia and a sham embryo transfer. Heart rate and core body temperature were continuously recorded by telemetry intra-operatively and for three days pre- and three days post-surgery. Intra-operative respiratory rate was determined by counting thorax movements. Body weight, food, and water intake were measured daily for three days pre- and three days post-surgery. The heart rate in the KS group remained at baseline level throughout the 50-min of anesthesia and surgery. FMS caused a lower heart rate and S alone caused a higher heart rate compared to baseline values. Intra-operative body temperature was at baseline levels in all groups. A decreased respiratory rate was observed in all groups compared to baseline values obtained from resting mice of the same strain, sex and age-distribution. Surgical stimuli induced no significant changes in heart rate and respiratory rate in the KS or FMS group but significant respiratory alteration in the S group compared to baseline values obtained 10 s before applying the stimulus. Post-operative heart rate was above baseline values in all groups; with a significant deviation in the S group. There were no changes in body weight, food, and water intake. In summary, FMS was superior to KS and S for moderate surgery in laboratory mice resulting in less inter-individual variability in response to painful stimuli. Fentanyl and midazolam reduced the depressant effect of sevoflurane on the respiratory rate and the negative post-anesthetic effects on the heart rate. Impact statement With approximately 65 million animals used per year mice are still the most prevalent laboratory mammal species worldwide. In course of biomedical research projects approximately 40% of mice will undergo one or more short or long-term anesthesia. Sufficient anesthetic depth, cardiovascular stability, adequate analgesia, and short recovery times are essential requirements of anesthetic protocols to meet animal welfare. Anesthesia in mice and rats are only to be performed by personnel with appropriate basic training and experience. However, more and more adapted and advanced anesthetic protocols, required to answer very specific scientific questions, often exceed the skills acquired through basic training and present a major challenge to researchers. It is therefore of great importance to further develop and evaluate safe and reliable anesthetic protocols as presented in this study to provide new perspectives on this challenging problem.

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