Challenge to the Pro-democracy Movement in Hong Kong: Political Reforms, Internal Splits, and the Legitimacy Deficit of the Government

Social remittances (ideas, system practice, and social capital flow from the receiving country to the home country) of Indonesian female migrant workers (BMP) in Hong Kong appeared better and more complete than other BMP in other countries like Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, or Singapore. Based on that research, we are encouraged to do extensive research in order to identify factors that push BMP’s social remittances development in Hong Kong, to identify kinds of social remmitances they receive and to understand on how far their social remittances become a medium to empower them and their society. This study is done in qualitative method that uses an in-depth interview technique and FGD. Subjects of study are BMP, the government (Ministry of Manpower and Transmigration and BNP2TKI), NGOs, migrant workers’ organization and researchers of BMP. The study done in Cianjur (West Java), Wonosobo and Banyumas (Central Java) and Hong Kong indicates that during their migration process, female migrant workers not only have economical remittance that can be used for productive activities, but also social remittances. The social remittances are in the form practical knowledge such as language skill and nursery; knowledge on health, financial management; ethical work; the mindset changing and networking. The study indicate that female migrant workers are extraordinary women more than just an ex-helper. Their migration has put them into a position as an agent of development in society.Key words: Indonesians female migrant workers, social remmitances, empowerment

Download Full-text

Flood alleviation in a heavily urbanized area – Kai Tak Nullah, Hong Kong

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2012.096 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Alan K. L. Chan ◽

Colin K. C. Wong ◽

Robin H. N. Lee ◽

Mike W. H. Cho

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Public Engagement ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Hydraulic Modelling ◽

The Public ◽

Design Considerations ◽

Urbanized Area ◽

Development Area ◽

The Government ◽

Exercise Design

The existing Kai Tak Nullah flows from Po Kong Village Road along Choi Hung Road and Tung Tau Estate into Kai Tak Development Area before discharging into the Victoria Harbour. Historically its upstream has been subject to flooding under storm conditions and this has had serious repercussions for the adjacent urban areas. A study has been commissioned by the Drainage Services Department of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), China to investigate the flood mechanisms and to provide flood alleviation measures by improving the capacity of the Kai Tak Nullah. In addition to flood alleviation, there is a strong public aspiration to rehabilitate the Kai Tak Nullah by a comparatively natural river design. Since the Kai Tak Nullah is located within a heavily urbanized area, traffic and environmental impacts are also highly concerned. The final flood alleviation scheme has thus had to strike a balance among the aforesaid factors with assistance from the hydraulic modelling utilizing InfoWorks Collection Systems (CS) software. This paper presents the public engagement exercise, design considerations, methodologies, and recommendations regarding the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the Kai Tak Nullah.

Download Full-text

Contemporary Practice of the United States Relating to International Law

The American Journal of International Law ◽

10.2307/2954186 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 91 (3) ◽

pp. 493-517

Author(s):

Marian Nash (Leich)

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Law Enforcement ◽

International Law ◽

The United States ◽

People’S Republic Of China ◽

People's Republic Of China ◽

Republic Of China ◽

The Government ◽

Contemporary Practice

On March 3,1997, President William J. Clinton transmitted to the Senate for its advice and consent to ratification as a treaty the Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Hong Kong for the Surrender of Fugitive Offenders, signed at Hong Kong on December 20,1996. In his letter of transmittal, President Clinton pointed out that, upon its entry into force, the Agreement would “enhance cooperation between the law enforcement communities of the United States and Hong Kong, and … provide a framework and basic protections for extraditions after the reversion of Hong Kong to the sovereignty of the People’s Republic of China on July 1, 1997.” The President continued: Given the absence of an extradition treaty with the People’s Republic of China, this Treaty would provide the means to continue an extradition relationship with Hong Kong after reversion and avoid a gap in law enforcement. It will thereby make a significant contribution to international law enforcement efforts.The provisions of this Agreement follow generally the form and content of extradition treaties recently concluded by the United States. In addition, the Agreement contains several provisions specially designed in light of the particular status of Hong Kong. The Agreement’s basic protections for fugitives are also made expressly applicable to fugitives surrendered by the two parties before the new treaty enters into force.

Download Full-text

Successful collaboration between smart city consortium and Hong Kong Government in Covid-19 dashboard: the case of leadership in practice

International Journal of Organizational Analysis ◽

10.1108/ijoa-01-2021-2604 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Jung Yue Chun ◽

Wahid Abdul Nabsiah ◽

Cheng Ling Tan

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Smart City ◽

Third Party ◽

City Development ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Content Type ◽

Non Profit ◽

Mass Collaboration ◽

The Government

Purpose This paper aims to discover why such a public partnership project had been successful with a non-profit third-party alliance such as a smart city consortium (SCC) promoting smart city development. Design/methodology/approach This descriptive case study is primarily based on analysing data collected from various texts, public statements, media interviews and three semi-structured interviews with key members involved in the Covid-19 dashboard project. Findings The data and analysis reviews that both interpersonal and interorganisational trust, dedication and proactiveness of the leaders at SCC were major contributing factors to why SCC was able to partner with the Hong Kong Government in the Covid-19 dashboard in the first place and that the success was also a direct outcome of effective mass collaborative knowledge management activities. Research limitations/implications The research in leadership attributes and activities in the non-profit alliance has been few and this collaborative partnership between the alliance and the government is an example of the importance of further research in smart city leadership. Practical implications In deploying projects for mass collaboration and knowledge sharing in smart city development (which is multi-disciplinary in nature). there are still many new and evolving organisational practices and leadership matters that many business leaders and city managers can learn from. Social implications Smart city development projects involve the notion of sharing data in an open environment enabled by software and mediating tools. Successful projects such as this Hong Kong Covid-19 dashboard which serves a diverse audience can further promote the importance of an open data policy regime for the benefit of the public. Originality/value This case study covers a highly original and unique case study with the leaders at the SCC and representatives from the Hong Kong Government.

Download Full-text

Hong Kong’s response to COVID-19: a glance to the control measures and their enforcement

Social Transformations in Chinese Societies ◽

10.1108/stics-10-2020-0026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Ka Ki Lawrence Ho ◽

Ying-Tung Chan

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Infection Rate ◽

Government Policy ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Control Measures ◽

Content Type ◽

The Government ◽

And Control ◽

Viral Outbreak

Purpose This study aims to examine Hong Kong’s responses to COVID-19, arguing that Hong Kong’s relatively low infection rate is due to self-discipline of citizens together with the enforcement measures introduced by the government. Design/methodology/approach This study reviewed the government policy announcements and the prevailing scholarly analyses on Hong Kong society during COVID-19. Findings It starts by examining the partial lockdown and control measures since mid-January, and the roles of different government units in enforcement were examined and assessed. Suppression of viral outbreak in Hong Kong should primarily be attributed to the appropriate lockdown and quarantine actions of the government. Originality/value However, outperformance of the frontline professionals and the highly aware, self-disciplined and mutually aided citizens in the community are also the key to the “interim success” by June 2020 in the highly accessible and densely populated city.

Download Full-text

Minimisation and management strategies for refurbishment and renovation waste in Hong Kong

Engineering Construction & Architectural Management ◽

10.1108/ecam-02-2021-0113 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Ann T.W. Yu ◽

Kelvin S.H. Mok ◽

Irene Wong

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Data Collection ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Government Support ◽

Construction And Demolition Waste ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Demolition Waste ◽

Content Type ◽

The Government

PurposeThe capacity of landfills will reach saturation in the 2020s. There are more than 50,000 buildings in Hong Kong over 30 years old and which may require extensive refurbishment under the Mandatory Building Scheme. Additionally, most new owners/tenants tend to renovate their premises before moving in. Hence, there is an urgent need in Hong Kong, to explore strategies and measures to enable the development of effective refurbishment and renovation (R&R) waste management for such projects. The objectives of this paper are to investigate the process of R&R for identifying the perceived barriers and thereby the strategies for minimisation and management of R&R waste in Hong Kong.Design/methodology/approachDesktop study, semi-structured interviews, site observations and document reviews were used as the data collection methods to achieve the objectives of this research. Considering the nature and characteristics of the industry structure, the snowball sampling process was deployed for data collection. Thematic analysis and content analysis were used for data analysis. Waste minimisation and management strategies for R&R projects were then discussed and developed by the research team and a focus group meeting was held to validate the research findings. Six strategies were then proposed to the government.FindingsR&R projects contribute 10–20% of the construction and demolition waste. The barriers to recycling of R&R waste can be grouped into six major categories: (1) lack of sorting and storage spaces, (2) high cost, (3) insufficient government supporting policy, (4) complicated recycling processes, (5) immature recycling market and (6) insufficient public education. Also, six strategies are proposed in this study, which include (1) pre-refurbishment audit, (2) development of recycling market, (3) sea reclamation, (4) incineration, (5) government support and (6) education and research.Originality/valueThe strategies and measures proposed in this research could most adequately serve as reference for the government officials, building professionals and academic researchers. Such knowledge would make possible the development of effective strategies and measures for minimising and managing R&R waste.

Download Full-text

Hong Kong’s institutional incongruities and its tourism policy

Asian Education and Development Studies ◽

10.1108/aeds-11-2014-0056 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 312-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chiew Ping Yew

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Political System ◽

Central Government ◽

Institutional Arrangements ◽

Content Type ◽

Business Interests ◽

Tourism Policy ◽

The Government ◽

The Individual ◽

Policy And Planning

Purpose – With a focus on Hong Kong tourism policy, the purpose of this paper is to explain the Hong Kong government’s conundrum in addressing society’s concerns and controversies over the massive influx of mainland tourists in recent years. Design/methodology/approach – This paper adopts the approach of historical institutionalism, in which the notion of structural-power takes centre stage. It outlines some notable trends in Hong Kong’s tourist arrivals and highlights some of the controversies that have arisen before delving into how existing institutional arrangements and key actors have shaped Hong Kong’s tourism policy amid the city’s shifting social, political and economic contexts. Findings – The prevalence of business interests and the ideology of economism largely explain the Hong Kong government’s stasis in tackling the problems stemming from the large inflow of mainland visitors. Institutional arrangements in the post-handover period have further empowered the business class, giving it an edge over the unelected executive that lacks a popular mandate. Therefore, even if the central government has signaled its willingness to adjust the Individual Visit Scheme (IVS) policy, the Hong Kong government is unlikely to propose significant cuts to the inflow of IVS arrivals. Without further political reforms to boost the executive’s legitimacy and accountability to the Hong Kong people, it is doubtful that the government may emerge from its predicament in the near future. Originality/value – Through the lens of tourism policy and planning pertaining to inbound mainland visitors, this paper aims to assess the current state of governance in Hong Kong. It not only offers a timely look into Hong Kong’s political system 17 years after handover but also explores the extent to which apparent dysfunctions in the city’s governance today are a consequence of institutional incongruities in its political system.

Download Full-text

Sustainability of the Peritoneal Dialysis-First Policy in Hong Kong

Blood Purification ◽

10.1159/000441580 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 320-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Agnes Shin-Man Choy ◽

Philip Kam-Tao Li

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Training Programme ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Ultrafiltration Failure ◽

Average Annual Cost ◽

The Government ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage

In Hong Kong, the average annual cost of haemodialysis (HD) per patient is more than double of that of peritoneal dialysis (PD). As the number of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has surged, it has posed a great financial burden to the government and society. A PD-first policy has been implemented in Hong Kong for three decades based on its cost-effectiveness, and has achieved successful outcomes throughout the years. A successful PD-first policy requires medical expertise in PD, the support of dedicated staff and a well-designed patient training programme. Addressing patients' PD problems is the key to sustainability of the PD-first policy. In this article, we highlight three important groups of patients: those with frequent peritonitis, ultrafiltration failure or inadequate dialysis. Potential strategies to improve the outcomes of these groups will be discussed. Moreover, enhancing HD as back-up support and promoting organ transplantation are needed in order to maintain sustainability of the PD-first policy.

Download Full-text

HONG KONG SAR IMMIGRATION IN THE DYNAMICS OF POLITICS, POLICY AND INSTITUTION

Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Keimigrasian ◽

10.52617/jikk.v1i2.22 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 69-81

Author(s):

Andry Indrady

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Transition Period ◽

Executive Power ◽

Power Domination ◽

The Public ◽

Hong Kong Sar ◽

British Colonial ◽

The Government ◽

Colonial Government ◽

And Control

The Bureaucratic System of the Immigration Department of Hong Kong SAR is one of the legacies from British Colonial Government seen from legal and also immigration bureaucratic perspectives reflect the executive power domination over immigration policymaking. This is understandable since Hong Kong SAR adopts “Administrative State Model” which means Immigration Officer as a bureaucrat holds significant roles at both stages of policymaking and also its implementation. This research looks at transition period of the Immigration Department and its policies since the period of handover of Hong Kong SAR from the British Government to the Government of China especially throughout the concern from the public including academics about the future of immigration policies made by the Department that arguably from colonial to current being used as political and control tools to safeguard the interest of the Ruler. This situation ultimately will question the existence of Hong Kong SAR as one of the International Hub in the Era of Millennium.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Vaccination Strategy Against Rabies in Hong Kong Macaques

10.22541/au.163756787.70724699/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Omid Nekouei ◽

Paolo Martelli ◽

Sophie St-Hilaire ◽

Hui Suk Wai ◽

Karthiyani Krishnasamy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Vaccination Strategy ◽

Elisa Test ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serological Response ◽

Test Kit ◽

In The Wild ◽

The Government ◽

Specific Association ◽

Antibody Levels

Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease that can affect all mammals. Following the directives of the rabies ordinance of the Government of Hong Kong, all wild macaques captured under an ongoing sterilization program (since 2000) were vaccinated against rabies. The main objective of this study was to assess the serological response to rabies vaccination in the population of Hong Kong macaques. An inactivated rabies vaccine was subcutaneously administered to captured macaques under anesthesia. In a 2015 field survey, blood samples from the animals were collected and stored in -80℃ freezer. In July 2021, all frozen sera from vaccinated animals were prepared and tested for antibodies against rabies virus using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. The test results were dichotomized at the recommended cut-off point of the test kit. Sixty-five samples from the vaccinated macaques were available for this study. All of these animals had received at least one dose of vaccine (1 vaccination) between 2008 and 2015. The interval between the 1 vaccination and blood sampling dates ranged from 21 to 2,779 days. Only five of the 65 macaques had a second vaccination record at the time of sampling; all five had high antibody levels. Among the remaining macaques, 77% (46/60) were positive for rabies antibodies. No specific association was observed between the post-vaccination period and the antibody titer of these macaques and no adverse reactions to vaccination were reported. The current vaccination strategy in Hong Kong macaques appears to effectively elicit rabies antibodies in a high proportion of macaque populations in the wild (78-87%). However, reaching the precise level of protection against a potential challenge with the virus should further be investigated.

Download Full-text