Tumor CT imaging using targeted nanoparticle delivery for contrast enhancement and tumor inhibition using targeted release of carboplatin nanoparticles via radiotherapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 137-149
Author(s):  
S. Harada ◽  
S. Ehara ◽  
K. Ishii ◽  
T. Sato ◽  
M. Koka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Antitumor Effect ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanoparticle Delivery ◽  
Targeted Nanoparticles ◽  
Targeted Release

In this paper, we used microcapsules releasing liposome-protamine-hyaluronic acid nanoparticles (LPH-NP) with/without carboplatin in response to radiation to image and treat MM48 breast cancer in C3He/N mice in two radiation sessions. The micro-particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) camera and quantitative PIXE were used to image and measure the release of nanoparticles from the microcapsules. In session one, iopamiron and computed tomography (CT)-detectable microcapsules containing P-selectin and LPH-NP were mixed with a solution of alginate, hyaluronate, ascorbate, and P-selectin. This solution was sprayed into an FeCl2 solution containing VEGFR-1/2 antibodies (Abs). The microcapsules obtained were injected intravenously into mice, and after 9 h, the mice were exposed to 10 or 20 Gy (140 keV) of X-ray radiation. Anti-VEGFR-1/VEGFR-2 microcapsules accumulated around tumors and released P-selectin and the iopamiron-labeled LPH-NP in response to the first radiation. The iopamiron-containing nanoparticles were detected by CT, allowing detection of MM48 tumors by CT. In the second session, the microcapsules released LPH-NH that delivered carboplatin into the tumor cells. This treatment had a significant antitumor effect [Formula: see text]. The micro-PIXE camera and quantitative PIXE successfully imaged and measured the release of contents from microcapsules. Our results indicate that targeted nanoparticles allow for accurate detection and treatment of tumors.

Imaging of lung metastases using CT-detectable microcapsules and their radiotherapeutic treatment using targeted carboplatin nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
S. Harada ◽  
S. Ehara ◽  
K. Ishii ◽  
T. Sato ◽  
M. Koka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ct Evaluation

We aimed to image and treat the lung metastases of MM48 breast cancer cells in C3He/N mice by using microcapsules that release liposome-protamine-hyaluronic acid nanoparticles (LPH-NP) in response to two radiation sessions. In session one, computed tomography (CT)-detectable microcapsules containing P-selectin and 5% iopamiron were mixed with a 1 mL solution of 4% alginate, 3% hyaluronate, 1 mg ascorbate, and 1 μg/mL P-selectin. This was sprayed into 0.5 mmol/L FeCl2 containing 1 μg/mL VEGFR-1/2 antibodies (Abs). The mice were intravenously injected with microcapsules, which released the P-selectin, and then a CT study was performed to detect lung metastases. After the CT evaluation, the mice received 10 or 20 Gy (140 keV) of X-ray radiation to the lungs. In session two, carboplatin-LPH-NP was released into the tumor, which was treated with another dose of radiation. To do this, carboplatin LPH-NP was mixed with the cocktail used in session one and sprayed into 0.5 mmol/L FeCl2 containing 1 μg/mL anti-P-selectin Abs. Microcapsules (1 × 1010) were injected intravenously and then interacted with the P-selectin. The released carboplatin LPH-NP attacked lung metastases synergistically with radiation, which resulted in further reduction of the lung metastases.

scholarly journals An observational study of post-operative Volumetric Modulated Arc Radiotherapy (VMAT) of breast cancer by immobilizing patients on All-in-one (AIOTM) solution Breast and Lung Board without usingthermoplastic mask: Risk of collusion of gantry with couch exists if acquisition of Cone-beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)is attempted for set-up verification.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramaiah Vinay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Unilateral Breast Cancer ◽  
Planar Image ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Background: Automatic Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) based image matching for set-up verification is recommended as compared to 2-D match for post-operative local / loco-regional radiotherapy of breast cancer patients by Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) technique. However, in supine position, off-midline peripheral body Clinical Target Volume (CTV) of unilateral breast cancer patients immobilized on Breast and Lung board of All-in-One (AIO) positioning systemmay necessitate augmented movement of couch in ‘x’ and ‘z’ axis thereby raising the risk of collusion of x-ray sources / detectors system with couch. Methods and Materials: VMAT was planned by a pair of partial arc for whole target volume for seven consecutive post-operative breast cancer patients (five post-mastectomy and two post-breast conservation patients). Tattoo based set-up by shift of treatment table in x-, y- and z-axis as determined by Treatment Planning System followed by X-rays with planar image acquisition and online 2-D imaging matching was performed for set-up verification. In-room 360°rotation of x-ray source and detector system of linear accelerator (linac) was performed before x-ray planar image acquisition. Results: Completion of 360°rotation in-room of x-ray source and detector system of linacaround the machine iso-centre was not possible in six out of seven patients due to possibility of collusion of gantry with contralateral side of the couch. Conclusion: Performing CBCT for generating 3D images for computed tomography (CT) reconstruction may not be practical for patient set-up verification of post-operative radiotherapy of unilateral breast cancer patients positioned supine on breast and lung board.

scholarly journals A New Outlook on the Ability to Accumulate an Iodine Contrast Agent in Solid Lung Tumors Based on Virtual Monochromatic Images in Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT): Analysis in Two Phases of Contrast Enhancement

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1870
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Zegadło ◽  
Magdalena Żabicka ◽  
Aleksandra Różyk ◽  
Ewa Więsik-Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Lung Tumors ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray Absorption

For some time, dual energy computed tomography (DECT) has been an established method used in a vast array of clinical applications, including lung nodule assessment. The aim of this study was to analyze (using monochromatic DECT images) how the X-ray absorption of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) depends on the iodine contrast agent and when X-ray absorption is no longer dependent on the accumulated contrast agent. Sixty-six patients with diagnosed solid lung tumors underwent DECT scans in the late arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP) between January 2017 and June 2018. Statistically significant correlations (p ≤ 0.001) of the iodine contrast concentration were found in the energy range of 40–90 keV in the AP phase and in the range of 40–80 keV in the VP phase. The strongest correlation was found between the concentrations of the contrast agent and the scanning energy of 40 keV. At the higher scanning energy, no significant correlations were found. We concluded that it is most useful to evaluate lung lesions in DECT virtual monochromatic images (VMIs) in the energy range of 40–80 keV. We recommend assessing SPNs in only one phase of contrast enhancement to reduce the absorbed radiation dose.

scholarly journals X-Ray Computed Tomography Imaging of Breast Cancer by using Targeted Peptide-Labeled Bismuth Sulfide Nanoparticles

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (51) ◽  
pp. 12308-12311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Kinsella ◽  
Rebecca E. Jimenez ◽  
Priya P. Karmali ◽  
Anthony M. Rush ◽  
V. Ramana Kotamraju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bismuth Sulfide ◽  
Computed Tomography Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tomography Imaging ◽  
X Ray Computed

Visrock: a program for digital topography and X-ray microdiffraction imaging

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lübbert ◽  
Tilo Baumbach
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Rocking Curve ◽  
Full Field ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Interactive Analysis

Visrockis a program for interactive analysis of sequences of digital X-ray images.Visrockwas developed in the context of the rocking-curve imaging method of full-field X-ray microdiffraction imaging. Its functionality is based on parallel profile analysis of millions of local diffraction profiles. Options for subsequent visualization of the spatial distribution of extracted parameters include automatic contrast enhancement, noise reduction and multi-peak analysis. In addition to microdiffraction imaging, further useful applications of the program lie particularly in computed tomography, sequential radiography and analyser-based imaging.

scholarly journals Ionizing Radiation Increases the Activity of Exosomal Secretory Pathway in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells: A Possible Way to Communicate Resistance against Radiotherapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 3649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrollah Jabbari ◽  
Muhammad Nawaz ◽  
Jafar Rezaie
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Exosome Biogenesis ◽  
Mcf 7

Radiation therapy, which applies high-energy rays, to eradicate tumor cells, is considered an essential therapy for the patients with breast cancer. Most tumor cells secrete exosomes, which are involved in cell-to-cell communication in tumor tissue and contribute therapeutic resistance and promote tumor aggressiveness. Here, we investigated the effect of clinically applicable doses of X-ray irradiation (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 Gy) on the dynamics of the exosomes’ activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Survival and apoptosis rate of cells against X-ray doses was examined using MTT and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Whereas, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the X-ray-treated cells were detected by fluorometric method. The mRNA levels of vital genes involved in exosome biogenesis and secretion including Alix, Rab11, Rab27a, Rab27b, TSPA8, and CD63 were measured by real-time PCR. The protein level of CD63 was examined by Western blotting. Additionally, exosomes were characterized by monitoring acetylcholinesterase activity, transmission electron microscopy, size determination, and zeta potential. The result showed that in comparison with control group cell survival and the percentage of apoptotic cells as well as amount of ROS dose-dependently decreased and increased in irradiated cells respectively (p < 0.05). The expression level of genes including Alix, Rab27a, Rab27b, TSPA8, and CD63 as well as the protein level of CD63 upraised according to an increase in X-ray dose (p < 0.05). We found that concurrent with an increasing dose of X-ray, the acetylcholinesterase activity, size, and zeta-potential values of exosomes from irradiated cells increased (p < 0.05). Data suggest X-ray could activate exosome biogenesis and secretion in MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent way, suggesting the therapeutic response of cells via ROS and exosome activity.

scholarly journals XANTHOGRANULOMATOUS PYELONEPHRITIS - A RARE FORM OF CHRONIC CALCULOUS PYELONEPHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-375
Author(s):  
A.N. Nechiporenko ◽  
◽  
N.A. Nechiporenko ◽  
D.M. Vasilevich ◽  
V.A. Basinsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed

The article represents the authors’ own observation of the patient with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XPN). Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritisis a rare form ofchronic bacterial calculous pyelonephritis. Factors predisposingto thedevelopmentof xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis include the following: the impairment of theurinary flowalong theurinarytract, type II diabetes mellitus, and chronic inflammation of the kidney. XPN is an uncommon cause of chronic pyelonephritis resulting in non-functioning kidneys and poses a preoperative diagnostic dilemma which may mimic other malignant diseases of a kidney (renal cell carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma) and acute pyelonephritis as a bacterial infection causing inflammation of the kidneys (a renal carbuncle). The patient was examined at the urology clinic of .Grodno State Medical University: general clinical blood and urine tests, ultrasound examination, X-ray computed tomography - native and with contrast enhancement, magnetic resonance imaging were performed. The patient underwent nephrectomy due to the impossibility of organ-preserving surgery - removal of a volumetric formation located at the hilum of the kidney and adjacent to the vessels. Histopathologyof the specimen wasconcludedas xanthogranulomatouspyelonephritis. The patientsunderwentMR examinations, ultrasound examination and X-ray computed tomography with contrast enhancement, but adiagnosisofxanthogranulomatous pyelonephritiswas not confirmed unequivocally. The final diagnosis is usually established only after histologic examinationof biopsy specimens of removed kidney.

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